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193 results for “Cod”

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dryad36/100

Fish resist temptation from junk food: State-dependent diet choice in reproductive Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) facing seasonal fluxes of lipid-rich prey

In ecological sciences, animal diets are often simplified to "resources" or "caloric quantities". However, in the present study, we investigated the optimal foraging strategy of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) when both macro- and micro-nutritional requirements are accounted for. Proteins cannot be synthesized from fatty acids, so the proteins for gonad development must come from other dietary sources. In addition, micronutrients are required in smaller quantities. For example, for cod, arachidonic acid (ARA) acts as a micronutrient precursor for prostaglandins, which is important for reproduction. We formulated a dynamic state-dependent model to make predictions about optimal diet choice and foraging behavior. We applied the model to a case study in the strait between Denmark and Sweden. The model predicted that energy acquired from dietary protein should be twice that acquired from lipids, with a small increase in the lipid requirements when gonads are growing. The model also predicted that the "energy sparing effect of lipids" made it beneficial to engage in risky foraging activity to supplement a lean diet with a little bit of fat. When we re-constructing the model to also optimize ARA uptake, the cod consumed relatively more ARA-rich crabs in the months prior to spawning, despite the otherwise poor energetic value of this prey. In support of the model predictions, field observations indicated that lipid stores reached a peak shortly after the arrival of the lipid-rich migrating herring and the fatty acid signal of these herring were evident in the liver of nearly all cod. Three month later, only half of the cod contained the herring-derived fatty acid signal, supporting the predicted shift in prey type prior to spawning. From these model predictions and field observations, we conclude that, also in the wild, nutritional requirements can be at least as important as pure energy acquisition.

opencc-zeroDec 2021View details →

zenodo36/100

COD: A Dataset of Commercial Building Occupancy Traces

The Commercial Occupancy Dataset (COD) is a high-resolution long-term dataset of occupancy traces in a commercial office building spanning 9 months and covering room-level occupancy for three different spaces (two conference rooms and one open-plan space) containing more than 90,000 enter/exit events over this time period. Occupancy data in a building contains rich spatial-temporal information about the users and their usage of the space and facilities. However, obtaining accurate occupancy data is a very challenging task due to the limitation of existing sensing technologies. A novel depth-imaging based solution to estimate occupancy counts was deployed in four doorways of an office building to generate the dataset. We envision the dataset being used for diverse applications such as building energy simulation, occupancy modeling and human-in-the-loop HVAC control which enhance energy efficiency and human comfort. Each folder in the dataset represents data from a single building. Inside the folder there will be separate comma-separated value (CSV) files, one for each monitored room within the building. Each CSV file contains an entry for every entrance and exit events that was estimated by the sensor(s) corresponding to the room in question. In turn, each one of these entries in the dataset (i.e., each line in the file) contains three fields in this order: date (m/dd/yy), time (HH:MM:SS) and occupancy count.

opencc-by-sa-4.0Sep 2017View details →

zenodo36/100

Shipping alters the movement and behavior of Arctic cod (B. saida), a keystone forage fish in Arctic marine ecosystems

Dataset for Ivanova et al. (2019): Shipping alters the movement and behavior of Arctic cod (B. saida), a keystone forage fish in Arctic marine ecosystems. Includes: arctic cod tagging metadata and vps locations files, and vessel activity in Resolute Bay, Nunavut, Canada for 2012.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2019View details →

zenodo36/100

Investigating Discontinuous X-ray Irradiation as a Damage Mitigation Strategy for [M(COD)Cl]2 Catalysts - Data

<div> This Origin file contains the supporting processed data for all of the figures from the main paper from the publication 'Investigating Discontinuous X-ray Irradiation as a Damage Mitigation Strategy for [M(COD)Cl]2 Catalysts.  </div>

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2024View details →

dryad36/100

Personality traits and Pan I locus data of Atlantic cod juveniles

Animals show among-individual variation in behaviours, including migration behaviours, which are often repeatable across time periods and contexts, commonly termed "personality". These behaviours can be correlated, forming a behavioural syndrome. In this study, we assessed the repeatability and correlation of different behavioural traits i.e., boldness, exploration, and sociality and the link to feeding migration patterns in Atlantic cod juveniles. To do so, we collected repeated measurements within two short-term (three days) and two long-term (two months) intervals of these personality traits and genotypes of the Pan I locus, which is correlated to feeding migration patterns in this species. We found high repeatabilities for exploration behaviour in the short- and long-term intervals, and a trend for the relationship between exploration and the Pan I locus. Boldness and sociality were only repeatable in the second short-term interval indicating a possible development of stability over time and did not show a relation with the Pan I locus. We found no indication of behavioural syndromes among the studied traits. We were unable to identify the existence of a migration syndrome for the frontal genotype which is the reason that the link between personality and migration remains inconclusive, but we demonstrated a possible link between exploration and the Pan I genotype. This supports the need for further research that should focus on the effect of exploration tendency and other personality traits on cod movement, including the migratory (frontal) ecotype to develop management strategies based on behavioural units, rather than treating the population as a single homogeneous stock.

opencc-zeroMar 2023View details →

dryad36/100

Data from: Movement diversity and partial sympatry of coastal and Northeast Arctic cod ecotypes at high latitudes

Movement diversity within species represent an important, but often neglected, component of biodiversity that affects ecological and genetic interactions, as well as the productivity of exploited systems. By combining individual tracking data from acoustic telemetry with novel genetic analyses, we describe the movement diversity of two Atlantic cod Gadus morhua ecotypes in two high-latitude fjord systems: the highly migratory Northeast Arctic cod (NEA cod) that supports the largest cod fishery in the world, and the more sedentary Norwegian coastal cod, which is currently in a depleted state. As predicted, coastal cod displayed a higher level of fjord residency than NEA cod. Of the cod tagged during the spawning season, NEA cod left the fjords permanently to a greater extent and earlier compared to coastal cod, which to a greater extent remained resident and left the fjords temporarily. Despite this overall pattern, horizontal movements atypical for the ecotypes were common with some NEA cod remaining within the fjords year-round and some coastal cod displaying a low fjord fidelity. Fjord residency and exit timing also differed with spawning status and body size, with spawning cod and large individuals tagged during the feeding season more prone to leave the fjords and earlier than non-spawning and smaller individuals. While our results confirm a lower coastal dependency for NEA cod, they highlight a movement diversity within each ecotype and sympatric residency between ecotypes, previously undetected by population-level monitoring. This new knowledge is relevant for the management, which should base their fisheries advice for these interacting ecotypes on their habitat use and seasonal movements.

opencc-zeroJul 2023View details →

dryad36/100

Data and model code from: Tracing growth patterns in cod (Gadus morhua L.) using bioenergetic modelling

Understanding individual growth in commercially exploited fish populations is key to successful stock assessment and informed ecosystem-based fisheries management. Traditionally, growth rates in marine fish are estimated using otolith age-reading in combination with age-length relationships from field samples, or tag-recapture field experiments. However, for some species, otolith-based approaches have been proven unreliable, and tag-recapture experiments suffer from high working effort and costs as well as low recapture rates. An important alternative approach for estimating fish growth is represented by bioenergetic modelling, which, in addition to pure growth estimation, can provide valuable insights into the processes leading to temporal growth changes resulting from environmental and related behavioural changes. We here developed an individual-based bioenergetic model for Western Baltic cod (Gadus morhua), traditionally a commercially important fish species that however collapsed recently and likely suffers from climate change effects. Western Baltic cod is an ideal case study for bioenergetic modelling because of recently gained in-situ process knowledge on spatial distribution and feeding behaviour based on highly resolved data on stomachs and fish distribution. Additionally, physiological processes such as gastric evacuation, consumption, net-conversion efficiency, and metabolic rates have been well studied for cod in laboratory experiments. Our model reliably reproduced seasonal growth patterns observed in the field. Importantly, our bioenergetic modelling approach implementing depth-use patterns and food intake allowed us to explain the potentially detrimental effect summer heat periods have on growth of Western Baltic cod that likely will increasingly occur in the future. Hence our model simulations highlighted a potential mechanism of how warming due to climate change affects the growth of a key species that may apply for similar environments elsewhere. Here we provide access to the individual-based bioenergetic growth model which is set up to model the growth of cod in ages 2 to 4 (Gadus morhua L.) in the Belt Sea (western part of the Western Baltic Sea) on a daily basis within one year. The model incorporates contemporary in-situ process knowledge on food intake and seasonal- and temperate-related spatial distribution of cod and allows us to identify seasonal growth patterns. The model is written in the statistical and programming environment R.

opencc-zeroOct 2023View details →

ClinicalTrials.gov36/100

Study Comparing Blood Levels of Fatty Acids After Consuming Two Forms of Cod Liver Oil

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02428699. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

restrictedIPD-UNDECIDEDFeb 2026View details →

dryad36/100