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FIGURE 5 in High rDNA polymorphisms in Astyanax lacustris (Characiformes: Characidae): new insights about the cryptic diversity in A. bimaculatus species complex with emphasis on the Paraná River basin

FIGURE 5 | Barcoding Gap. Histogram generated in the ABGD showing the intraspecific variation and interspecific divergence of haplogroups 1 (green), 2 (blue) and 3 (orange).

FIGURE 3 in High rDNA polymorphisms in Astyanax lacustris (Characiformes: Characidae): new insights about the cryptic diversity in A. bimaculatus species complex with emphasis on the Paraná River basin

FIGURE 3 | Cytotypes found in Astyanax lacustris submitted to Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH) with 5S (red) and 18S rDNA (green) probes. Columns represent the chromosome pair of the karyotype and lines represent the 13 cytotypes. The first column shows the first metacentric chromosome pair of the karyotype for proportion comparison.

FIGURE 4 in High rDNA polymorphisms in Astyanax lacustris (Characiformes: Characidae): new insights about the cryptic diversity in A. bimaculatus species complex with emphasis on the Paraná River basin

FIGURE 4 | A. Bayesian Inference Phylogeny; B. Haplotype data. A. Bars on the right hand side represent the Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD), Unweighted Pair Group Method using Arithmetic averages (UPGMA), dendrogram using the Hasegawa Kishino-Yano model with gama distribution (HKY+G) and Maximum Parsimony, respectively. B. The haplotype data show the Astyanax haplogroups 1 (in green), 2 (in blue) and 3 (in orange). Haplotypes (H) 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 (in bold with an asterisk) indicate the position of one or more individuals of this study. The black slices on the haplotypes represent slightly different individuals that do not arrange another haplotype.

FIGURE 1 in High rDNA polymorphisms in Astyanax lacustris (Characiformes: Characidae): new insights about the cryptic diversity in A. bimaculatus species complex with emphasis on the Paraná River basin

FIGURE 1 | Sampling sites of the specimens (in detail). Remaining points correspond to the sequences from BOLD System. Symbols represent the haplogroups recovered here. Haplogroup 1 represent specimens of Astyanax lacustris and one A. bimaculatus (highlighted with an asterisk*). Haplogroup 2 has only A. lacustris specimens. Haplogroup 3 indicates only one A. bimaculatus specimen. Outgroup is represented by A. scabripinnis and A. cf. fasciatus. VR = Vila Rica, SS = Sub-Sede, CA = Esquina Céu Azul, SG = São Gabriel.

FIGURE 2 in High rDNA polymorphisms in Astyanax lacustris (Characiformes: Characidae): new insights about the cryptic diversity in A. bimaculatus species complex with emphasis on the Paraná River basin

FIGURE 2 | Karyotypes of Astyanax lacustris from the Sub-Sede population representing all populations analyzed in this paper. Metaphase in Giemsa with Ag-NORs in boxes.

opencc-zeroJan 2024View details →

Linked collectors and determiners for: Systematics of the Ameerega rubriventris complex (Anura: Dendrobatidae) with descriptions of two new cryptic species from the East-Andean versant of Peru.

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Systematics of the Ameerega rubriventris complex (Anura: Dendrobatidae) with descriptions of two new cryptic species from the East-Andean versant of Peru". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/52381685-6651-42d8-b555-a9b56f9c37a5">https://bionomia.net/dataset/52381685-6651-42d8-b555-a9b56f9c37a5</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/52381685-6651-42d8-b555-a9b56f9c37a5">https://gbif.org/dataset/52381685-6651-42d8-b555-a9b56f9c37a5</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.

opencc-zeroJan 2024View details →

Linked collectors and determiners for: Lost and Found: Taxonomic revision of the speckled skink (Oligosoma infrapunctatum; Reptilia; Scincidae) species complex from New Zealand reveals a potential cryptic extinction, resurrection of two species, and description of three new species.

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Lost and Found: Taxonomic revision of the speckled skink (Oligosoma infrapunctatum; Reptilia; Scincidae) species complex from New Zealand reveals a potential cryptic extinction, resurrection of two species, and description of three new species". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/b753c71a-aad2-4e6e-9e62-c80348c2cff2">https://bionomia.net/dataset/b753c71a-aad2-4e6e-9e62-c80348c2cff2</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/b753c71a-aad2-4e6e-9e62-c80348c2cff2">https://gbif.org/dataset/b753c71a-aad2-4e6e-9e62-c80348c2cff2</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.

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Linked collectors and determiners for: Species delimitation in the Gehyra nana (Squamata: Gekkonidae) complex: cryptic and divergent morphological evolution in the Australian Monsoonal Tropics, with the description of four new species.

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Species delimitation in the Gehyra nana (Squamata: Gekkonidae) complex: cryptic and divergent morphological evolution in the Australian Monsoonal Tropics, with the description of four new species". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/5f73d28a-b9b5-4297-91c5-e14ce6f4db0b">https://bionomia.net/dataset/5f73d28a-b9b5-4297-91c5-e14ce6f4db0b</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/5f73d28a-b9b5-4297-91c5-e14ce6f4db0b">https://gbif.org/dataset/5f73d28a-b9b5-4297-91c5-e14ce6f4db0b</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.

Fig. 51 in Bumblebees of the hypnorum-complex world-wide including two new near-cryptic species (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Fig. 51. Bombus wolongensis Williams, Ren & Xie sp. nov., ♀ (queen), holotype (IOZ), habitus, lateral view (image reversed). Scale bar: 10 mm.

Figs 39–50 in Bumblebees of the hypnorum-complex world-wide including two new near-cryptic species (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Figs 39–50. Simplified diagrams for the colour patterns of the hair on the dorsum for ♀♀ (above) and ♂♂ (below) of Bombus perplexus Cresson, 1863. The dorsum is divided into regions, each of wshich shows only the predominant or most apparent colour for that region using a simplified colour palette (precise shades vary), with olive indicating a mixture of black and yellow hair, and grey indicating a mixture of black and white hair.

Fig. 2 in Bumblebees of the hypnorum-complex world-wide including two new near-cryptic species (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Fig. 2. Distribution of barcoded samples of the hypnorum-complex and B. perplexus Cresson, 1863, with the interpretations as separate candidate species from Fig. 1 shown as different coloured spots as per the colour key on the left. Relief map with hill shading, polar projection (north pole shown as a star), the international boundaries and the Arctic Circle are shown as narrow grey lines, and the northern tree line shown as a broad grey line. Image created in ArcGIS using World_Shaded_Relief basemap (© 2014 Esri).

Fig. 1 in Bumblebees of the hypnorum-complex world-wide including two new near-cryptic species (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Fig. 1. MRBAYES estimate of phylogeny as a metric tree (outgroup B. alpinus (Linnaeus, 1758) not shown) from COI barcodes from GenBank and BOLD databases for the vagans-group and hypnorum- group, with additions from the authors for the hypnorum-group of bumblebees, filtered to remove duplicate and short sequences. Each sequence is labelled with: sequence length; a taxon name from the database; a code consisting of a sequence identifier from the project database and a specimen identifier from the online database; its country and (for larger countries) state or province). The scale bar is calibrated in substitutions per nucleotide site. Results of Bayesian Poisson-tree-process (PTP) models applied for assessing support for species' gene coalescents by maximum likelihood are shown as PTP scores above the branches: scores approaching 1 and where branches change from blue to red indicates are where the most likely species' gene coalescents are detected. Asterisks mark sequences used as informal proxies for the type specimens of each of the taxon names in Table 2.

Fig. 52 in Bumblebees of the hypnorum-complex world-wide including two new near-cryptic species (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Fig. 52. Bombus hengduanensis Williams, Ren & Xie sp. nov., ♀ (queen), holotype (IOZ), habitus, lateral view (image reversed). Scale bar: 10 mm.

Figs 3–38 in Bumblebees of the hypnorum-complex world-wide including two new near-cryptic species (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Figs 3–38. Simplified diagrams for the colour patterns of the hair on the dorsum for ♀♀ (left) and ♂♂ (right) of the Bombus species from Fig. 2. The dorsum is divided into regions, each of which shows only the predominant or most apparent colour for that region using a simplified colour palette (precise shades vary), with olive indicating a mixture of black and yellow hair, and grey indicating a mixture of black and white hair.

FIG. 13 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)

FIG. 13. — Pictures of fresh basidiomata of Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr.: A, JO533 from Atlantic Rainforest (epitype); B, JO1363 from Amazon Forest. Scale bars: 10 mm.

FIG. 17. — Marasmius roseus J.S in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)

FIG. 17. — Marasmius roseus J.S. Oliveira, sp. nov. (JO352): A, Siccus-type broom cells of the pileipellis (type 1); B, Siccus- to Rotalis-type broom cells (type 2). Scale bar: 10 µm.

FIG. 16. — Marasmius roseus J.S in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)

FIG. 16. — Marasmius roseus J.S. Oliveira, sp. nov. (JO352): A, basidiomata; B, basidiospores; C, basidioles; D, pleurocystidia; E, cheilocystidia. Scale bar: A, 10.5 mm; B-E, 10 µm.

FIG. 6 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)

FIG. 6. — Pictures of fresh basidiomata: A, Marasmius bambusinus (Fr.) Fr. (JO343); B, M. gardneri Singer (JO491). Scale bars: 10 mm.

FIG. 7 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)

FIG. 7. — Marasmius bambusinus (Fr.) Fr. (JO343): A, basidiomata; B, basidiospores; C, basidia; D, basidioles; E, pleurocystidia; F, cheilocystidia; G, Siccus-type broom cells of the pileipellis. Scale bar: A, 10.3 mm; B-G, 10 µm.

FIG. 19 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)

FIG. 19. — Marasmius cf. pallescens Murrill (JO426): A1, A2, basidiomata; B, basidiospores; C, basidioles; D, basidia; E, pleurocystidia; F, cheilocystidia; G, Siccus-type broom cells of the pileipellis. Scale bar: A1, 12.5 mm; A2, 10.5 mm; B-G, 10 µm.