Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2019View details →

Рис. 2. Низина Λевобережья НТТ в виΑе параΛΛеΛьных берегу моря ваΛов и небоΛьших понижений, вытянутых в северо-восточном направΛении, с характерной раститеΛьностью Fig. 2. The lowland of the left Bank of the LRT in the form of parallel to the seashore shafts and small depressions, elongated in a North-Eastern direction, with characteristic vegetation in Transboundary Migration And The Local Constraints In The Dynamic Of Fish Fauna In The Lower Reaches Of Tumannaya River

Рис. 2. Низина Λевобережья НТТ в виΑе параΛΛеΛьных берегу моря ваΛов и небоΛьших понижений, вытянутых в северо-восточном направΛении, с характерной раститеΛьностью Fig. 2. The lowland of the left Bank of the LRT in the form of parallel to the seashore shafts and small depressions, elongated in a North-Eastern direction, with characteristic vegetation

dryad40/100

Ignoring within-flower self-fertilization and inbreeding depression biases estimates of selection on floral traits

Within-flower self-pollination should be the major source of self-fertilization in mixed-mating species that present single or few flowers simultaneously. It is also an often unmeasured source of selfing in species with many flowers open simultaneously. In self-compatible species in which pistil and stamen numbers vary, the rate of within-flower selfing should depend on the number of pistils and stamens, the timing of flowering, and the morphology of subsidiary floral traits. The intensity and direction of selection on these traits should thus also depend on the level of inbreeding depression. Here, we measured the dependence of the within-flower selfing rate on floral sex allocation, phenology, petal length, and floral stalk height in a population of the perennial herb Pulsatilla alpina (Ranunculaceae) in which most individuals had single flowers. We estimated inbreeding depression in the population by comparing inbreeding coefficients between parents and seed progeny using microsatellite markers. We then estimated selection on the measured traits via female reproductive success at the flower level and compared our estimates with a hypothetical scenario in which inbreeding depression was assumed to be absent. Inbreeding depression was estimated to be severe (0.95). The within-flower selfing rate varied widely among flowers and depended positively on stamen number and negatively on pistil number and flowering date, supporting the predictions of a mass-action model. The dependence of the selfing rate on the measured floral traits consistently predicted (non-linear) patterns of selection under high inbreeding depression that were distinct from those under a hypothetical scenario of no inbreeding depression. Synthesis: While previous research has emphasized the importance of mass-action mating on selfing among flowers of plants with large floral displays, our results demonstrate its importance for selfing within individual flowers. They also demonstrate the importance of accounting for both the selfing rate and inbreeding depression when inferring selection on floral and other traits via female fitness.

opencc-zeroJul 2024View details →

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2024View details →

anxiety and depression

Заголовок: Исследование депрессии и тревожности среди иностранных студентов Семейского медицинского университета Эта научная статья рассматривает насущную проблему психического здоровья среди иностранных студентов Семейского медицинского университета. Под руководством Анооши Максуд и ее команды исследование использует кросс-секционный дизайн для изучения частоты депрессии и тревожности в этой группе. С образцом из 85 студентов в возрасте от 18 до 28 лет исследование проливает свет на распространенность этих состояний психического здоровья, выявляя значительную корреляцию между депрессией и тревожностью. Полученные результаты подчеркивают сложности, с которыми сталкиваются студенты медицинских вузов, особенно те, кто приехал из-за границы, и подчеркивают неотложную необходимость в целевых мероприятиях по поддержке их психического благополучия. Эта статья не только вносит свой вклад в растущий объем литературы по психическому здоровью студентов, но и подчеркивает важность решения этих проблем в рамках медицинского образования.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2024View details →

Viewpoint: Difficult-to-treat depression versus treatment-resistant depression: A new integrative perspective for managing depression

<div> <div> <div>Translator</div> <div> </div> <div> </div> </div> <div> <div> </div> <div> </div> </div> </div>   This video provides an in-depth overview of difficult-to-treat depression (DTD), distinguishing it from treatment-resistant depression (TRD). The video explains the complexities of DTD, emphasizing the need for a multifaceted approach that goes beyond pharmacological treatments. The video covers the following key points: <ul> <li>Definition and characteristics of DTD</li> <li>Differences between DTD and TRD</li> <li>The importance of psychosocial, biological, and interactive factors in managing DTD</li> <li>Integrated therapeutic approaches, including psychotherapy, neurostimulation, and social interventions</li> <li>The impact of DTD on patients' quality of life and the importance of comprehensive care</li> <li>Future directions in research and clinical practice for improving the management of DTD</li> </ul>

BRAIN Journal-Electrophysiological Neuroimaging using sLORETA Comparing 100 Schizophrenia Patients to 48 Patients with Major Depression -Figure 4. Histogram age distributions of the 100 Schizophrenia patients illustrating clusters of patients at 20, 30, 40, and 50 years old.

The figure below is a histogram distribution of the ages of one hundred Schizophrenia patients in this study. There appears to be a cyclical peak every ten-years cycles at 20, 30, 40, and 50-year-old patients. This may suggest a recent finding that CD8 T cells, which play a pivotal role in mediating long-term immunity to Toxoplasma, are down-regulated in schizophrenia patients (Bhadra et al., 2013). Based on the aforementioned statements, a vaccine for Toxoplasmosis may be difficult to achieve, but the treatment and screening possibilities in patients with psychosis are available today.

BRAIN Journal-Isolating the Norepinephrine Pathway Comparing Lithium in Bipolar Patients to SSRIs in Depressive Patients-Figure 2. Resting state neuroimaging findings illustrating the action of Lithium following whole brain

The axial, saggital, and coronal MRI activation maps illustrate increased delta frequency band neuronal activity in the 46 patients diagnosed with Bipolar Affective Disorder compared to 32 female patients diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder of Depressive Episode. The Yellow/Orange shades indicate increased neuronal activity in the right Superior Frontal Gyrus (t=0.920, p=0.05060, BA 6, MNI X=20, Y=0, Z=70) and in the right Cingulate Gyrus (t=0.0846, BA 24, MNI X= 5, Y=0, Z=51). Structural anatomy is shown in grey scale (A – anterior; S – superior; P – posterior; L – left; R – right).

BRAIN Journal-Electrophysiological Neuroimaging using sLORETA Comparing 100 Schizophrenia Patients to 48 Patients with Major Depression -Figure 3. Resulting comparisons isolating the Dopamine D2 Mesolimbic Pathway

Moreover, a study in Prague identified that Toxoplasmosis triggers schizophrenia in predisposed subjects (Flegr et al., 2014). It may very well be that the Toxoplasmosis parasite increasing dopamine secretions in the frontal lobes may very well lead to decreased cerebral volumes. Cat feces, sexual contact, and eating raw or undercooked pork are well known transmitters of the Toxoplasmosis parasite and may be advisable that patients take precautions of the possibility of these triggering symptoms of psychosis with these possible routes of infection. Another adjunct to Atypical Antipsychotics may be to treat the potential cerebral Toxoplasmosis infection with Cotrimoxazole or Pyrimethamine/Clindamycin.

BRAIN Journal-Electrophysiological Neuroimaging using sLORETA Comparing 100 Schizophrenia Patients to 48 Patients with Major Depression -Figure 2. Resting State neuroimaging findings illustrating the action of atypical antipsychotics on postsynaptic dopamine D2

Contrastingly, the results of the one-hundred males and females diagnosed with Schizophrenia compared to the thirty-two females diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder or Depressive Episodes. The one-hundred male and female Schizophrenia patients had an average age of 32-years-old and a Standard Deviation of 11.8-years. Whereas, the Depressive Episode and Major Depressive Disorder females had an average age of 50-years old and a Standard Deviation of 11.7-years. The statistically significant neuroimaging results identified the Delta (1.5–6 Hz) frequency band at the neuroanatomical location of the region of the Superior Frontal Gyrus (p=0.007; t=2.08, BA 10, X=25, Y=55, Z=30) with greater neuronal oscillations and synchrony in the one-hundred males and females diagnosed with Schizophrenia than the thirty-two females diagnosed with Depressive Episodes and Major Depressive Disorder.

BRAIN Journal-Electrophysiological Neuroimaging using sLORETA Comparing 100 Schizophrenia Patients to 48 Patients with Major Depression -Figure 1. Group comparisons designed for isolating the mesolimbic Dopamine D2

All patients diagnosed with Schizophrenia were medicated with atypical antipsychotics, Olanzapine (dose 5mg/day to 20mg/day) or Risperidone (dose 1mg/day to 4mg/day) blocking both Dopamine D2 and Serotonin 5-HT2 receptors. Whereas, all of the patients diagnosed with Major Depression or Depressive Episode were medicated with Sertraline (50mg/day to 200mg/day maximum dose) or Citalopram (20mg/day to 40mg/day maximum dose). This research protocol was approved by the Bioethical Commission of the Medical University of Lublin.

BRAIN Journal-Isolating the Norepinephrine Pathway Comparing Lithium in Bipolar Patients to SSRIs in Depressive Patients-Figure 1. Resting state neuroimaging findings illustrating the action of Lithium following whole brain

The axial, saggital, and coronal MRI activation maps illustrate neuronal activity of 46 patients diagnosed with Bipolar Affective Disorder compared to 16 male patients diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder of Depressive Episode. The Yellow/Orange shades indicate increased neuronal activity in the right Superior Temporal Gyrus (t=1.403, p=0.00780, BA 41, MNI X=45, Y= -35, Z=10) with activation also in the Fusiform Gyrus (t=1.26, BA 20, MNI X= 45, Y= -35, Z=10), the Parahippocampal Gyrus (t=1.29, BA 36, MNI X=45, Y= -35, Z=10). (b) Increased neuronal activity in the Cingulate Gyrus (t=1.06, BA 32, MNI X=45, Y= -35, Z=10). Structural anatomy is shown in grey scale (A – anterior; S – superior; P – posterior; L – left; R – right).

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2018View details →

Data supplement to: "Refractory depression - Mechanisms & Efficacy of Radically Open Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (RefraMED): findings of randomised trial on benefits and harms"

Data and code to support primary analyses reported in "Refractory depression – mechanisms and efficacy of radically open dialectical behaviour therapy (RefraMED): findings of a randomised trial on benefits and harms". British Journal of Psychiatry. doi: 10.1192/bjp.2019.53

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2019View details →

14-day smartphone ambulatory assessment of depression symptoms and mood dynamics in a general population sample: comparison with the PHQ-9 depression screening

This dataset contains 14 days of ambulatory assessment (AA) depression symptoms and mood ratings with timestamps, a retrospective Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) assessment and the demographic variables age and gender. The AA was conducted with users of the mobile mental health / depression screening app "Moodpath". ICD-10 depression symptoms were assessed with the following questions: ICD-10 symptom 1: "depressed mood" q1 = Are you feeling depressed? q2 = Are you feeling hopeless? ICD-10 symptom 2: "loss of interest and enjoyment" q3 = Do you feel like you are not interested in anything right now? q4 = Do you have less pleasure in doing things you usually enjoy? ICD-10 symptom 3: "increased fatigability" q5 = Do you currently have considerably less energy?  q6 = Are your everyday tasks making you very tired currently? ICD-10 symptom 4: "reduced concentration and attention" q11 = Is it hard for you to make decisions currently?  q12 = Is it hard for you to concentrate currently? ICD-10 symptom 5: "reduced self-esteem and self-confidence" q7 = Is your self-confidence clearly lower than usual? q8 = Are you feeling up to your tasks?   ICD-10 symptom 6: "ideas of guilt and unworthiness" q9 = Are you blaming yourself currently?  q10 = Do you think you are worth less than others right now? ICD-10 symptom 7: "bleak and pessimistic views of the future" q46 = Are you thinking that you will be doing well in the future?  q47 = Are you looking hopefully into the future? ICD-10 symptom 8: "ideas or acts of self-harm or suicide" q16 = Are you thinking about death more often than usual?  ICD-10 symptom 9: "disturbed sleep" q13 = Did you sleep badly last night?  ICD-10 symptom 10: "diminished appetite" q14 = Do you have less or no appetite today?

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2009View details →

Text-fig. 3. Patelliconus primulus (BARRANDE in PERNER, 1903). Specimen NM L 39616, internal mould. A – apical view, B – oblique left posterolateral view, both ×......; C – right posterolateral view showing the second and third successive positions of muscle band (arrowed), located on top of each elevation (= in the deepest place of the wide depression of shell interior at the periphery of a flat ramp), ×....... Šárka F., Volduchy – Díly near Rokycany. in Patelliconus Horný, 1961 And Mytoconula Gen. N. (Mollusca, Tergomya) From The Ordovician Of Perunica

Text-fig. 3. Patelliconus primulus (BARRANDE in PERNER, 1903). Specimen NM L 39616, internal mould. A – apical view, B – oblique left posterolateral view, both ×......; C – right posterolateral view showing the second and third successive positions of muscle band (arrowed), located on top of each elevation (= in the deepest place of the wide depression of shell interior at the periphery of a flat ramp), ×....... Šárka F., Volduchy – Díly near Rokycany.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2008View details →

Text-fig. 2. Sketch map of the Żytawa / Zittau Basin showing the Polish (Turów) and Czech (Hrádek) parts. Bogatynia (E of Rybarzowice) and Hrádek sites refer to the areas of the deepest depressions of the eastern and southern parts of the basin. in Some Monocot Pollen Taxa From The Lower Miocene Basal Coaly Deposits Of The Czech And Polish Parts Of The Żytawa (Zittau) Basin

Text-fig. 2. Sketch map of the Żytawa / Zittau Basin showing the Polish (Turów) and Czech (Hrádek) parts. Bogatynia (E of Rybarzowice) and Hrádek sites refer to the areas of the deepest depressions of the eastern and southern parts of the basin.

Fig. 14 in The oldest and youngest records of afrosoricid placentals from the Fayum Depression of northern Egypt

Fig. 14. Implied ghost lineages and maximum likelihood reconstructions of M2 metacone size (treated as an ordered character with four states), given one of the topologies (Fig. 12A) recovered by parsimony analysis of morphological data. Here the topology is plotted against time, with major divergences among clades with extant representatives based on the molecular estimates of Douady et al. (2003) for Macroscelidea, Poux et al. (2008) for Tenrecoidea, and Gilbert et al. (2006) for the origin of crown Chrysochloroidea. The depth of the Potamogale–Micropotamogale divergence has not been estimated using molecular data, and is here arbitrarily placed at half the time depth of Potamogalidae. An origin of crown Afrotheria at ~80 Ma is supported by various studies (e.g., Springer et al. 2003). Although parsimony reconstructs metacone loss as homologous in tenrecs and golden moles, note that when branch lengths are taken into account for maximum likelihood reconstructions ("MLR", computed in Mesquite v. 2.72; Maddison and Maddison 2005), the common ancestors of crown Afrosoricida and crown Tenrecoidea are reconstructed as having had a reduced but distinct M2 metacone, the former with high proportional likelihood (0.779). These data, combined with the numerous zalambdomorph Paleogene ghost lineages that are required by the parsimony−based topology, arguably call into question the likelihood of the topology itself.

Fig. 12 in The oldest and youngest records of afrosoricid placentals from the Fayum Depression of northern Egypt

Fig. 12. Phylogenetic analysis of living and extinct afrotherians, with Dilambdogale and Todralestes added to a modified version of the matrices employed by Seiffert (2007) and Barrow et al. (2010). A. Single most parsimonious tree derived from analysis with some multistate characters ordered and scaled; tree length = 18746.434, consistency index excluding uninformative characters = 0.49, retention index = 0.44, rescaled consistency index = 0.28. B. Adams consensus of 63 equally parsimonious trees derived from analysis with all multistate characters unordered, and Afrodon excluded; tree length = 19579, consistency index excluding uninformative characters = 0.49, retention index = 0.44, rescaled consistency index = 0.28. Dashed lines indicate branches that are present in the Adams tree, but not in the strict consensus of all MPTs.

Fig. 11 in The oldest and youngest records of afrosoricid placentals from the Fayum Depression of northern Egypt

Fig. 11. Comparison of talonid morphology, in lingual view of two Egyptian afrosoricid placentals. A. Dilambdogale gheerbranti (DPC 24103A), from the earliest late Eocene (earliest Priabonian; ~37 Ma) locality BQ−2, Birket Qarun Formation, Fayum Depression, northern Egypt. B. Qatranilestes oligocaenus (YPM 24203), from the late early Oligocene (late Rupelian; ~30 Ma) Quarry I, upper sequence of the Jebel Qatrani Formation, northern Egypt. Specimens are scaled to the same approximate m2–3 length to facilitate comparison. Note the much larger hypoconid and relatively capacious and concave talonid basin in Dilambdogale. Also note that the m2 entoconid is broken in DPC 24103A, but is relatively well−developed in other specimens.

Fig. 13. Phylogenetic analysis with the poorly−known latest Paleocene genus Afrodon included. A in The oldest and youngest records of afrosoricid placentals from the Fayum Depression of northern Egypt

Fig. 13. Phylogenetic analysis with the poorly−known latest Paleocene genus Afrodon included. A. Single most parsimonious tree derived from analysis with some multistate characters ordered and scaled; tree length = 18748.435, consistency index excluding uninformative characters = 0.49, retention index = 0.44, rescaled consistency index = 0.28. B. Adams consensus of 97 equally parsimonious trees derived from analysis with all multistate characters unordered, and Afrodon included; tree length = 19582, consistency index excluding uninformative characters = 0.49, retention index = 0.45, rescaled consistency index = 0.28. Dashed lines indicate branches that are present in the Adams tree, but not in the strict consensus of all MPTs.

Fig. 8 in The oldest and youngest records of afrosoricid placentals from the Fayum Depression of northern Egypt

Fig. 8. Comparison of occlusal morphology of the upper second molar (scaled to the same approximate buccolingual width) in a series of Paleogene African mammals with possible afrosoricid affinities. A. Widanelfarasia bowni (latest Eocene, Jebel Qatrani Formation, Egypt), based on Seiffert et al. (2007). B. Dilambdogale gheerbranti (earliest late Eocene, Birket Qarun Formation, Egypt). C. Chambilestes foussanensis (late early or early middle Eocene, Chambi, Tunisia), based on Gheerbrant and Hartenberger (1999). D.?Garatherium todrae (late Paleocene, Jebel Guersif Formation, Morocco), based on Gheerbrant et al. (1998). E. Afrodon chleuhi (late Paleocene, Jbel Guersif Formation, Morocco), based on Gheerbrant (1988). F. Todralestes variabilis (late Paleocene, Jbel Guersif Formation, Morocco), based on Gheerbrant (1991b).

Fig. 10 in The oldest and youngest records of afrosoricid placentals from the Fayum Depression of northern Egypt

Fig. 10. Dental morphology of the afrosoricid placental Qatranilestes oligocaenus, gen. et sp. nov., from the late early Oligocene (late Rupelian) Quarry I, upper sequence of the Jebel Qatrani Formation, northern Egypt. A. YPM 24200, right mandibular fragment with crown of m3 in occlusal (A1) and lingual (A2) views. B. YPM 24203, holotype right mandible with talonids of m2–3 in occlusal stereo view (B1 and B2).