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55 results for “Elephant seal”
Complete tag loss in capture-recapture studies affects abundance estimates: an elephant seal case study
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Postglacial recolonization of the Southern Ocean by elephant seals occurred from multiple glacial refugia
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Elephant seal female breeding histories at Año Nuevo
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Data from: Density-dependent effects on reproductive output in a capital breeding carnivore, the northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris)
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Sealing. Circular sealing in terracotta with a two line inscription; above a discus. On the reverse a hooked device, possibly an elephant goad.
<p>Sealing. Circular sealing in terracotta with a two line inscription; above a discus. On the reverse a hooked device, possibly an elephant goad. British Museum 2005,0814.11.</p>
Data from: Body reserves influence allocation to immune responses in capital breeding female northern elephant seals
Mounting an immune response requires substantial energy. Ecological immunology theory predicts allocation trade-offs between reproductive effort and immune responses under conditions of energy limitation. Little is known about the impact of capital breeding strategies on energy allocation to immune function in mammals. Northern elephant seals (NES) forage in the marine environment, breed in dense terrestrial colonies and exhibit high rates of energy expenditure for lactation while fasting. Body reserves strongly influence reproductive effort and lactation requires elevation of plasma cortisol for energy mobilization. We characterized immune response by measuring a suite of immune markers including cytokines, an acute phase protein, and immunoglobulins early and late in breeding and moult haul-outs in 197 samples from 129 female NES. We explored potential impacts of breeding, body condition and plasma cortisol on immune function. Immune responses were greater and more varied during breeding. Adiposity had positive associations with innate immune responses across all life-history stages. Body mass had positive associations with both adaptive and innate immune responses early in fasts. Females with lower fat reserves showed reduced innate immune responses at the end of lactation. Immunoglobulin E, a marker of immune response to parasitic infection, exhibited a significant negative association with cortisol across all life-history stages. These data suggest that breeding carries an immune cost and provide evidence for allocation trade-offs between immune function and breeding effort. These trade-offs may reflect a compromise between immune costs inherent in colonial breeding and energetic limitations that arise in use of capital breeding strategies. Variation in evidence for immunosuppressive effects of cortisol suggests that decoupling of these effects may be limited to specific aspects of the immune response during terrestrial fasting. Immune responses that are required for survival may be modulated relative to the energetic demands required for successful reproduction.
Data from: Oxidative stress is a potential cost of breeding in male and female northern elephant seals.
1.The trade-off between current reproductive effort and survival is a key concept of life history theory. A variety of studies support the existence of this trade-off but the underlying physiological mechanisms are not well-understood. Oxidative stress has been proposed as a potential mechanism underlying the observed inverse relationship between reproductive investment and lifespan. Prolonged fasting is associated with oxidative stress including increases in the production of reactive oxygen species, oxidative damage and inflammation. 2.Northern elephant seals (NES) undergo prolonged fasts while maintaining high metabolic rates during breeding. We investigated NES of both sexes to assess oxidative stress associated with extended breeding fasts. We measured changes in the plasma activity or concentrations of markers for oxidative stress in 30 adult male and 33 adult female northern elephant seals across their 1-3 month breeding fasts. Markers assessed included a pro-oxidant enzyme, several antioxidant enzymes, markers for oxidative damage to lipids, proteins and DNA, and markers for systemic inflammation. 3.Plasma xanthine oxidase (XO), a pro-oxidant enzyme that increases production of oxidative radicals, and several protective antioxidant enzymes increased over breeding in both sexes. Males showed increased oxidative damage to lipids and DNA and increased systemic inflammation, while oxidative damage to proteins declined across breeding. In contrast, females showed no oxidative damage to lipids or DNA or changes in inflammation, but showed increases in oxidative damage to proteins. XO activity, antioxidant enzymes, oxidative damage markers, and inflammatory markers were strongly correlated in males but these relationships were weaker or non-existent in females. 4.NES provide evidence for oxidative stress as a physiological cost of reproduction in a capital breeding mammal. Both sexes strongly up-regulated antioxidant defenses during breeding. Despite this response, and in contrast to similar duration non-breeding fasts in previous studies on conspecifics, there was evidence of oxidative damage to tissues. These data demonstrate the utility of using plasma markers to examine oxidative stress but also suggest the necessity of measuring a broad suite of plasma markers to assess systemic oxidative stress.
Data from: Rival assessment among northern elephant seals: evidence of associative learning during male-male contests
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Data from: Body reserves influence allocation to immune responses in capital breeding female northern elephant seals
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Data from: Oxidative stress is a potential cost of breeding in male and female northern elephant seals.
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Changes in Northern Elephant Seal Skeletal Muscle Following Thirty Days of Fasting and Reduced Activity
GEO Series GSE151509. Mirounga angustirostris. 8 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Data to support playback experiments to female northern elephant seals
<p>Bonding between mothers and their young is fundamental to mammalian reproductive behaviour and individual fitness. In social systems where the risk of confusing filial and non-filial offspring is high, mothers should demonstrate early, strong, and consistent responses to their kin throughout the period of offspring dependence, irrespective of maternal traits such as experience and temperament. We tested this hypothesis through playback experiments in the northern elephant seal Mirounga angustirostris, a phocid species that breeds in high-density colonies. We found that mothers recognised their offspring throughout lactation and as early as 1-2 days after parturition. Age and aggressiveness level of mothers did not predict their response strength to filial playback treatments, nor did pup age or sex. Some mothers showed great consistency in behavioural responses throughout the lactation period, while others were less predictable. The strength of a female's response did not influence her pup's weaning weight, however more consistent females weaned pups of higher mass. This is a rare demonstration of individual recognition among phocid mothers and their offspring, and suggests that consistency in maternal responsiveness may be an important social factor influencing the pup's growth and survival.</p>
Data to support playback experiments to female northern elephant seals
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Northern elephant seal UAS mass estimates
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Weights of northern elephant seal weanlings from Año Nuevo Reserve
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.