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62 results for “Food chain”
Data from: Moving beyond linear food chains: trait-mediated indirect interactions in a rocky intertidal food web
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Data from: Neonicotinoid insecticide travels through a soil food chain, disrupting biological control of non-target pests and decreasing soya bean yield
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Data from: Regime shifts shorten food chains for mesopredators with potential sublethal effects
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Code and simulated data from: Overexploitation can counteract top-down control and the paradox of enrichment in simple food chains
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Partial migration alters population ecology and food chain length: evidence from a salmonid fish
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Data from: Historical contingency and productivity effects on food-chain length
Food-chain length (FCL) is a fundamental ecosystem attribute, integrating information on both food web composition and ecosystem processes. It remains untested whether FCL also reflects the history of community assembly known to affect community composition and ecosystem functioning. Here, we performed microcosm experiments with a copepod (top predator), two ciliate species (intermediate consumers), and bacteria (producers), and modified the sequence of species introduction into the microcosm at four productivity levels to jointly test the effects of historical contingency and productivity on FCL. FCL increased when the top predator was introduced last; thus, the trophic position of the copepod reflected assembly history. A shorter FCL occurred at the highest productivity level, probably because the predator switched to feeding at the lower trophic levels because of the abundant basal resource. Thus, we present empirical evidence that FCL was determined by historical contingency, likely caused by priority effects, and by productivity.
Data from: Eating down the food chain: generalism is not an evolutionary dead end for herbivores
The role of trophic specialisation in taxonomic diversification remains unclear. Plant specialists diversify faster than omnivores and animalivores, but at shorter macroevolutionary scales this pattern sometimes reverses. Here, we estimate the effect of diet diversification on speciation rates in noctilionoid bats, controlling for tree shape, rate heterogeneity and macroevolutionary regimes. We hypothesise that niche subdivision among herbivores positively relates to speciation rates, differing between macroevolutionary regimes. We found the rate at which new herbivorous lineages originate decreases as rates of diet evolution increase. Herbivores experience higher speciation rates, but generalist herbivores and predominantly herbivorous omnivores speciate faster than specialised herbivores, omnivores and animalivores. Generalised herbivory is not a dead end. We show that analysing ecological traits and diversification requires accounting for macroevolutionary regimes and within- and between-clade variation in evolutionary rates. Our approach overcomes the high false-positive rates of other methods and illuminates the roles of herbivory and specialisation in speciation.
Supplementary material 1 from: Ganas P, Fuhrmann M, Filter M (2021) A network model of the egg supply chain in Germany implemented as a FSKX compliant object. Food Modelling Journal 2: e74171. https://doi.org/10.3897/fmj.2.74171
ChickenEgg-SCNM
Figure 3 from: Ganas P, Fuhrmann M, Filter M (2021) A network model of the egg supply chain in Germany implemented as a FSKX compliant object. Food Modelling Journal 2: e74171. https://doi.org/10.3897/fmj.2.74171
Figure 3 Choropleth map for production of the product "Eggs" (quantity in tons per year) in Germany on NUTS-3 level created by the visualisation script of the attached FSKX model.
Figure 2 from: Ganas P, Fuhrmann M, Filter M (2021) A network model of the egg supply chain in Germany implemented as a FSKX compliant object. Food Modelling Journal 2: e74171. https://doi.org/10.3897/fmj.2.74171
Figure 2 Choropleth map for total consumption of the product "Eggs" (quantity in tons per year) in Germany on NUTS-3 level created by the visualisation script of the attached FSKX model .
Figure 1 from: Ganas P, Fuhrmann M, Filter M (2021) A network model of the egg supply chain in Germany implemented as a FSKX compliant object. Food Modelling Journal 2: e74171. https://doi.org/10.3897/fmj.2.74171
Figure 1 Simplified schematic representation of the food supply chain network in Germany illustrating actors (indicated by boxes) and transport processes (indicated by arrows) according to the dynamic freight flow model from Balster and Friedrich (2019). *Regarding Warehouse and Store: the respective 28 brands are implemented as aggregated and as individual actors in the "egg supply chain network model".
Characterization of innovations related to short food supply chains in Europe
<p>Characterization of the recommended technological and non-technological innovations for Short Food Supply Chains, based on the European project Smartchain. Two matrices are used to identify the technological feasibility, social suitability, organizational means and financial feasibility of technological and non-technological innovations, in different national contexts. </p>
Scalable, Clinician-Supervised Generative-AI Food-Chaining Assistant for Pediatric ARFID
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07006961. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 0. Publications: 3.
Data from: Historical contingency and productivity effects on food-chain length
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Data from: Compound-specific isotope analysis of amino acids as new tool to uncover trophic chains in soil food webs
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Data from: Longer food chains in pelagic ecosystems: trophic energetics of animal body size and metabolic efficiency
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Data from: Eating down the food chain: generalism is not an evolutionary dead end for herbivores
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Data from: Salinization triggers a trophic cascade in experimental freshwater communities with varying food-chain length
The application of road deicing salts in northern regions worldwide is changing the chemical environment of freshwater ecosystems. Chloride levels in many lakes, streams, and wetlands exceed the chronic and acute thresholds established by the United States and Canada for the protection of freshwater biota. Few studies have identified the impacts of deicing salts in stream and wetland communities and none have examined impacts in lake communities. We tested how relevant concentrations of road salt (15, 100, 250, 500, and 1000 mg Cl− L−1) interacted with experimental communities containing two or three trophic levels (i.e. no fish vs. predatory fish). We hypothesized that road salt and fish would have a negative synergistic effect on zooplankton, which would then induce a trophic cascade. We tested this hypothesis in outdoor mesocosms containing filamentous algae, periphyton, phytoplankton, zooplankton, several macroinvertebrate species, and fish. We found that the presence of fish and high salt had a negative synergistic effect on the zooplankton community, which in turn caused an increase in phytoplankton. Contributing to the magnitude of this trophic cascade was a direct positive effect of high salinity on phytoplankton abundance. Cascading effects were limited with respect to impacts on the benthic food web. Periphyton and snail grazers were unaffected by the salt-induced trophic cascade, but the biomass of filamentous algae decreased as a result of shading effects from phytoplankton. We also found direct negative effects of high salinity on the biomass of filamentous algae and amphipods (Hyalella azteca) and the mortality of banded mystery snails (Viviparus georgianus) and fingernail clams (Sphaerium simile). Clam mortality was dependent on the presence of fish, suggesting a non-consumptive interactive effect with salt. Our results indicate that globally increasing concentrations of road salt can alter community structure via both direct and indirect effects.
Branched Chain Amino Acids Ratio in Medical Foods
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03539809. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Data from: Salinization triggers a trophic cascade in experimental freshwater communities with varying food-chain length
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.