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110 results for “Forest recovery”

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dryad36/100

Systematic review of post-fire forest recovery at high latitudes

Through this systematic review, we sought to determine the general relationship between post-fire tree regeneration densities and latitude in forests above 40º N/S. We expected regeneration densities post-fire would decrease with increasing latitude, and that forest regeneration would be negatively impacted by high burn severities, forest management, harsh site conditions, and unprotected microsites. We also anticipated that light-demanding species with adaptations to fire would replace shade-tolerant species that lack such adaptations post-fire. To achieve our objective and test our hypotheses, we analyzed 93 articles that directly measured post-fire regeneration at or above 40º N/S.

opencc-zeroAug 2023View details →

dryad36/100

Soundscapes and artificial intelligence provide powerful tools to track biodiversity recovery in tropical forests

Tropical forest recovery is fundamental to addressing the intertwined climate and biodiversity loss crises. While regenerating trees sequester carbon relatively quickly, the pace of biodiversity recovery remains contentious. Here, we use bioacoustics and meta-barcoding to measure forest recovery post-agriculture in a global biodiversity hotspot in Ecuador. We show that the community composition, and not species richness, of vocalizing vertebrates identified by experts reflects the restoration gradient. Two automated measures – an acoustic index model and a bird community derived from an independently developed Convolutional Neural Network – correlated well with restoration (adj-R2 = 0.62 and 0.69, respectively). Importantly, both measures reflected composition of non-vocalizing nocturnal insects identified via meta-barcoding. We show that such automated monitoring tools, based on new technologies, can effectively monitor the success of forest recovery, using robust and reproducible data. Crucially, this will help ensure that forest restoration efforts result in resilient, biodiverse tropical forests and not simply 'carbon farms'.

opencc-zeroSep 2023View details →

dryad36/100

Data from: Successful recovery of native plants post-invasive removal in forest understories is driven by native community features

Temperate forest understories hold the majority of the plant diversity present in these ecosystems and play an essential role in the recruitment and establishment of native trees. However, the long-term persistence of healthy forest understories is threatened by the impacts of invasive plants. As a result, a common practice is the removal of the agent of invasion. Despite this, we know little about the success of these practices and lack a comprehensive understanding of what intrinsic and extrinsic factors shape the recovery. In a multi-year field experiment, we investigated (Q1) whether native propagule availability drove native community recovery, (Q2) what the characteristics of successfully recovering communities were, and (Q3) under which environmental conditions recovery rates were faster. After initial removal of invasives, we seeded native species to manipulate assembly history and mimic restoration practices, we also implemented a repeated, vs. once, removal treatment, all in a full-factorial design. We collected data on plant species composition and abundance (i.e., species level percent cover) and on environmental conditions (i.e., light and soil water availability) in the three subsequent summers. Our results show that native community recovery rates were independent of seeding additions or frequency of invasive plant removal. The fastest rates of recovery were associated with high native species richness, native communities with higher values of specific leaf area (SLA), and low drought stress years. Our results suggest that restoration practices post-invasive plant removal should be tailored to enhance natural dispersal, or artificial addition if the resident community is species-poor, of native species with traits compatible with high resource availability, such as species with high SLA. In addition to the importance of the native community characteristics, our results underscore the need for assessing environmental conditions, favoring management practices during years of low drought stress to maximize native community recovery.

opencc-zeroSep 2023View details →

dryad36/100

Data from: Incomplete recovery of tree community composition and rare species after 120 years of tropical forest succession in Panama

Determining how fully tropical forests regenerating on abandoned land recover characteristics of old-growth forests is increasingly important for understanding their role in conserving rare species and maintaining ecosystem services. Despite this, our understanding of forest structure and community composition recovery throughout succession is incomplete, as many tropical chronosequences do not extend beyond the first 50 years of succession. Here, we examined trajectories of forest recovery across eight 1-hectare plots in middle and later stages of forest succession (40 – 120 years) and five 1-hectare old-growth plots, in the Barro Colorado Nature Monument (BCNM), Panama. We first verified that forest age had a greater effect than edaphic or topographic variation on forest structure, diversity and composition and then corroborated results from smaller plots censused 20 years previously. Tree species diversity (but not species richness) and forest structure had fully recovered to old-growth levels by 40 and 90 years, respectively. However, rare species were missing, and old-growth specialists were in low abundance, in the mid- and late secondary forest plots, leading to incomplete recovery of species composition even by 120 years into succession. We also found evidence that dominance early in succession by a long-lived pioneer led to altered forest structure and delayed recovery of species diversity and composition well past a century after land abandonment. Our results illustrate the critical importance of old-growth and old secondary forests for biodiversity conservation, given that recovery of community composition may take several centuries, particularly when a long-lived pioneer dominates in early succession.

opencc-zeroOct 2023View details →

dryad36/100

Environmental heterogeneity on landslide slopes affects the long-term recoveries of forest ecosystem components

Landslides are a common disturbance in mountainous areas of the world. Transporting and accumulating landslide debris, i.e., disturbance legacies, such as coarse woody debris (CWD), vegetation patches, and surface soils, generate a heterogeneous environment along slopes (zones), which are suggested to affect forest recovery. However, the long-term changes in forest ecosystems after landslides remain unknown, particularly zone-dependent change patterns. We aimed to reveal the differences in the changes in live trees, understory vegetation, CWD, and soils among zones by surveying forests with landslide ages (years since the landslide) ranging from 3 to 74 years and reference stands. The increase in live tree aboveground biomass occurred at a faster rate at the lower part of the slopes where the disturbance legacies were rich and surface soils were stabilized due to the smaller slope angle. Chronological patterns of understory vegetation amounts were determined by the differences in disturbance legacy richness and the timing of subsequent canopy closure. The amounts and decay-class diversity of CWD were determined by the differences in legacy richness and mortality through stand development. These zone-dependent chronological changes influenced litter production and determined the recovery rates of surface soil carbon and nitrogen stocks. The increase in the dominance rates of forest herbaceous species was faster in the lower part of the slopes due to the faster surface soil development and canopy closure. Our results illustrate that long-term forest ecosystem succession and recovery after landslides occurs more rapidly at the lower parts than at the upper parts of slopes.

opencc-zeroOct 2023View details →

zenodo36/100

Dataset: Limited seed dispersal, allelopathy and unfavorable microclimatic conditions prevent the recovery of oak forests within Eucalyptus plantations

This repository contains the files associated with the following article: Ernesto I. Badano, Pablo Siller-Clavel. Limited seed dispersal, allelopathy and unfavorable microclimatic conditions prevent the recovery of oak forests within Eucalyptus plantations. Published in European Journal of Forest Research. The repository provides an interactive map, optimized for Google Earth, that shows the administrative area of the Park Lázaro Cárdenas del Rio located in the state of Puebla, Mexico (yellow polygon) and the areas covered by plantations of Eucalyptus camaldulensis (red polygons) by the years in which the study was conducted (2009-2011). The areas that are not highlighted within the park correspond to oak forest remnants and some deforested areas. The interactive map also provides the geographic coordinates of the 100 square plots of 1x1 m used to sample the oak seed banks within forest remnants and plantations in 2009 and 2010, as well as the geographic coordinates of the 200 experimental plots located in each of these habitat types. To display this information, click on the corresponding the boxes located in the lateral bar of Google Earth. The data that support the result of the study are provided in Microsoft Excel files. The first of these files (Dataset 01 - Acorn density.xlsx) has a single sheet indicating the number of acorns recorded on 100 square plots of 1x1 m randomly distributed in the understories of forest remnants and plantations. The second file (Dataset 02 - Acorn germination trials.xlsx) has two sheets with the data used to estimate acorn germination rates of Quercus castanea and Quercus laeta in the in vitro and greenhouse germination trials. The third file (Dataset 03 - Field experiment.xlsx) has two sheets, where the first one contains the data used to estimate acorn germination rates and seedling survival of Quercus castanea and Quercus laeta on soil of Eucalyptus plantations and oak forests in these two habitats, and the second one contains the microclimatic data (photosynthetic photon flux density, air temperature, rainfall and volumetric soil water content) measured in plantations and forests.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2023View details →

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