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196 results for “Free-ranging”
Fig. 6 in Syngamus trachea in free-ranging white stork (Ciconia ciconia) nestlings in Switzerland
Fig. 6. Histopathological lesions observed in the respiratory tract of one of the affected animals from this study. Focal-extensive erosion and ulceration of the tracheal mucosa (large arrows) with thickening of the lamina propria (arrowheads) due to a mixed cell tracheitis and focal granuloma formation in animal WS3 (A). The inset shows a larger magnification of this granuloma, which consists of a necrotic core surrounded by few multinucleated giant cells (narrow arrows), macrophages, and heterophils. H&E staining. Partially degenerated parasitic structure within the lung parenchyma (dashed line) with multifocal acute hemorrhages (indented arrows) in the bronchi and parabronchi of animal WS3 (B). The inset shows a larger magnification of the degenerated parasite with surrounding granulomatous inflammation, composed of abundant multinuclear giant cells (narrow arrows), macrophages, heterophils and acute hemorrhage. H&E staining.
Fig. 5. Haplotypes from female S in Syngamus trachea in free-ranging white stork (Ciconia ciconia) nestlings in Switzerland
Fig. 5. Haplotypes from female S. trachea nematodes collected from five different white stork nestlings (WS1-5).
Fig. 1 in Syngamus trachea in free-ranging white stork (Ciconia ciconia) nestlings in Switzerland
Fig. 1. Necropsy of a white stork nestling (WS3) showing the opened trachea with Syngamus trachea forming the typical Y-shape.
Fig. 2 in High Toxocara cati prevalence in wild, free-ranging Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in Finland, 1999-2015
Fig. 2. The estimated Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) population size and Toxocara cati prevalence (%, 95% confidence interval) in Finland, by year.
Fig. 3 in High Toxocara cati prevalence in wild, free-ranging Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in Finland, 1999-2015
Fig. 3. Number of Toxocara cati worms in Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in Finland, by age and sex. Median, first and third quartiles, and minimum and maximum are shown.
Fig. 1 in High Toxocara cati prevalence in wild, free-ranging Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in Finland, 1999-2015
Fig. 1. The head, the cephalic alae and the body of the Toxocara cati found from female Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) from Finland. The measurement scale has red marks at 1 mm intervals. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 3 in Raccoons contraband - The metazoan parasite fauna of free-ranging raccoons in central Europe
Fig. 3. Several factors influence the spread of Baylisascaris procyonis, infestation rates are higher in urban and agricultural environments than in semi-natural sites. Thus, a denser population of raccoons in urban areas has a beneficial effect on infestation numbers. However, other factors such as vegetation density as well as available food resources, microclimate, soil characteristics, and land use also influence the rate of B. procyonis infestation and zoonotic potential. An Unembryonated eggs are shed by the raccoon. Eggs undergo 2–4 weeks of development outside the body until the embryonated and infective stage is reached. Embryonated eggs can remain in the environment for several months and remain infectious. B In urban and agricultural areas, new intermediate hosts are frequently infected. These are either eaten by the raccoon or can become infected like the raccoon (e.g., dogs) and then also excrete eggs. C In urban and agricultural areas, there are usually other off-target hosts than in semi-natural areas. Here, for example, cattle or chickens have been confirmed as false hosts. In these hosts, visceral or ocular larva migrans is induced without the larvae being ingested by the raccoon. D Children can become infected with infectious stages and contract Larva migrans through constructed latrines as well as simple defecation in or near play facilities (e.g., sandboxes, climbing houses). E Due to the steady spread of raccoons, new false hosts are increasingly infected with eggs of B. procyonis, such as chicken birds (pheasants), even in semi-natural areas. F The normal life cycle of B. procyonis includes the prey of P. lotor such as various small mammals or birds. In Europe, these species also play the main role in semi-natural habitats. G Raccoons, as the primary host, become infected with B. procyonis by direct ingestion of embryonated eggs through contact with latrines and via excreted feces of infected raccoons. Numerous small mammals or birds serve as paratenic or intermediate hosts, passing larvae directly to the raccoon. The worms grow in the raccoon and can reach high densities in the raccoon's intestine.
Fig. 2 in Raccoons contraband - The metazoan parasite fauna of free-ranging raccoons in central Europe
Fig. 2. Light micrographs of different endo- and ectoparasite species showing the general morphology of the identified parasites in the investigated raccoons; A: Euryhelmis squamula, B: Plagiorchis muris, C: Porrocaecum ensicaudatum, D: Polymorphus minutus, E: Neotrombicula autumnalis, F: Sarcoptes scabiei.
Fig. 5 in Urban biodiversity: Cuterebriasis in free-ranging Robinson's mouse opossum (Marmosa robinsoni) in the suburbs of Barranquilla, Colombia
Fig. 5. Second instar of Cuterebra sp. from M. robinsoni. Note the body spines appear evenly distributed in the larva's body.
Fig. 4 in Urban biodiversity: Cuterebriasis in free-ranging Robinson's mouse opossum (Marmosa robinsoni) in the suburbs of Barranquilla, Colombia
Fig. 4. Development stages of Cuterebra sp. found in different hosts of M. robinsoni. A. Second instar. B. Third instar.
Fig. 2 in Urban biodiversity: Cuterebriasis in free-ranging Robinson's mouse opossum (Marmosa robinsoni) in the suburbs of Barranquilla, Colombia
Fig. 2. Primers used to amplify and sequence the mitochondrial cytochrome Oxidase subunit I gene (COX1) of Cuterebra sp. List of primers: Droso-mt1490 5′- TTTCWACWAATCATAAAGATATYGG-3′, Droso-mt1729 5′-GGAGCYCCTGAYATRGCATTYCC-3′, Droso-mt1819 5′-GTRCCAGCYCCRTTTTCTAC-3′, Droso-mt2162 5′- CAACATTTATTYTGATTYTTTGG-3′, Droso-mt2169 5′-TAAACTTCAGGRTGWCCAAARAATCA-3′ y Droso-mt2680 5′-GYTAATCCWGTAAATAAWGG-3′.
Fig. 1 in Urban biodiversity: Cuterebriasis in free-ranging Robinson's mouse opossum (Marmosa robinsoni) in the suburbs of Barranquilla, Colombia
Fig. 1. Map of the Atlantic department of Colombia showing the four areas (red dots) of study of M. robinsoni: Palomar, Carreto, Luriza, and Zona Franca Celsia (visualized with Google Earth Pro). (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 3. Free range M. robinsoni with interscapular wounds. A in Urban biodiversity: Cuterebriasis in free-ranging Robinson's mouse opossum (Marmosa robinsoni) in the suburbs of Barranquilla, Colombia
Fig. 3. Free range M. robinsoni with interscapular wounds. A. External appearance of bot fly larva wound. B. Extraction of Cuterebra sp. larvae.
Linked collectors and determiners for: Prey identification of free-ranging domestic cats (Felis catus) from rural and natural areas of Spain through scat analysis.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Prey identification of free-ranging domestic cats (Felis catus) from rural and natural areas of Spain through scat analysis". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/ef448f77-16de-4e3f-9e3c-247f4f76efff">https://bionomia.net/dataset/ef448f77-16de-4e3f-9e3c-247f4f76efff</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/ef448f77-16de-4e3f-9e3c-247f4f76efff">https://gbif.org/dataset/ef448f77-16de-4e3f-9e3c-247f4f76efff</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Identification of free-ranging mugger crocodiles by applying deep learning methods on UAV imagery
<p>Individual identification contributes significantly towards investigating behavioral mechanisms of animals and understanding underlying ecological principles. Most studies employ invasive procedures for individually identifying organisms. In recent times, computer-vision techniques have served as an alternative to invasive methods. However, these studies primarily rely on user input data collected from captivity or from individuals under partially restrained conditions. Challenges in collecting data from free-ranging individuals are higher when compared to captive populations. However, the former is a far more important priority for real-world applications. In this paper, we used UAV to collect data from free-ranging mugger crocodiles <em>Crocodylus</em> <em>palustris</em>. We applied convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to individually identify muggers based on their dorsal scute patterns. The CNN model was trained on a data set of 88,000 images focusing on the mugger's dorsal body. The data was collected from 143 individuals across 19 different locations along the western part of India. We trained two CNN models, one with an annotated bounding box approach, the YOLO-v5l, and another without annotations, the Inception-v3. We used two parameters, True Positive Rate (TPR) and True Negative Rate (TNR), to validate the efficiency of the trained models. Using YOLO-v5l, TPR (re-identification of trained muggers) and TNR (differentiating untrained muggers as 'unknown') values at 0.84 threshold were 88.8% and 89.6%, respectively. The trained model showed 100% TNR for the non-mugger species, the Gharial <em>Gavialis</em> <em>gangeticus</em>, and the Saltwater crocodile <em>Crocodylus</em> <em>porosus</em>. The performance of the CNN model was reliable and accurate while using only 125 images per individual for training purposes. Inception-v3 underperformed for both the parameters, thus, showing that a bounding box approach (YOLO-v5l model) with background elimination is a promising method to individually identify free-ranging mugger crocodiles. Our manuscript demonstrates that UAV imagery appears to be a promising tool for non-invasive collection of data from free-ranging populations. It can be used to train open-source algorithms for individual identification. Further, the identification method is entirely based upon dorsal scute patterns, which can be applied to different crocodilian species, as well.</p>
Data from: Seasonal restructuring facilitates compositional convergence of gut microbiota in free-ranging rodents
<p>Gut microbes provide essential services to their host and shifts in their composition can impact host fitness. However, despite advances in our understanding of how microbes are assembled in the gut, we understand little about the stability of these communities within individuals, nor what factors influence its composition over the life of an animal. For this reason, we conducted a longitudinal survey of the gut microbial communities of individual free-ranging woodrats (<em>Neotoma</em> spp.) across a hybrid zone in the Mojave Desert, USA, using amplicon sequencing approaches to characterize gut microbial profiles and diet. We found that gut microbial communities were individualized and experienced compositional restructuring as a result of seasonal transitions and changes in diet. Turnover of gut microbiota was highest amongst bacterial subspecies and was much lower at the rank of Family, suggesting there may be selection for conservation of core microbial functions in the woodrat gut. Lastly, we identified an abundant core gut bacterial community that may aid woodrats in metabolizing a diet of plants and their specialized metabolites. These results demonstrate that the gut microbial communities of woodrats are highly dynamic and experience seasonal restructuring which may facilitate adaptive plasticity in response to changes in diet. </p>
Determinants of microbiome composition: Insights from free-ranging hybrid zebras (Equus quagga × grevyi)
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Resource manipulation reveals interactive phenotype-dependent foraging in free-ranging lizards
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Data from: Seasonal restructuring facilitates compositional convergence of gut microbiota in free-ranging rodents
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Data from: Biologging in a free-ranging mammal reveals apparent energetic trade-offs among physiological and behavioral components of the acute phase response
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.