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Figure 3 from: Martins AL, Melo GAR (2020) Revision of the fossil species of Thaumatodryinus Perkins from Dominican amber, with a new combination and description of a new species (Hymenoptera, Dryinidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 79: 77-88. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.79.57686
Figure 3 †Thaumatodryinus priscus (Olmi, 1998), female holotype. A habitus, lateral view B habitus, ventral view C head and mesosoma, lateral view D head and mesosoma, dorsal view E head and mesosoma, ventral view F apical portion of fore leg, with details of the chela. Scales: 1 mm (A), 1 mm (B), 0.5 mm (C), 0.5 mm (D–F).
Figure 2 from: Martins AL, Melo GAR (2020) Revision of the fossil species of Thaumatodryinus Perkins from Dominican amber, with a new combination and description of a new species (Hymenoptera, Dryinidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 79: 77-88. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.79.57686
Figure 2 †Thaumatodryinus miocenicus Olmi, 1995, female holotype. A habitus, dorsal view B habitus, ventral view C habitus, lateral view D habitus, dorsal view E head and mesosoma, ventral view F habitus, lateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (A–C), 1 mm (D, F), 1 mm (E).
Data from: Ontogenetic development of otoliths in alligator gar
Alligator Gar Atractosteus spatula is a species of conservation concern throughout its range and an examination of otoliths during early development would aid understanding its life history and ecology. We conducted X-ray computed tomography (CT) scans, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and light microscopy to examine the three pairs of otoliths and how they developed over time in relation to fish size and age. The sagittae are the largest, with distinct dorsal and ventral lobes, and covered with small otoconia concentrated in the sulcul region. The sagittae exhibited allometric growth, increasing more rapidly in the ventral lobe than in the dorsal. The asterisci were smaller and also exhibited small otoconia on their surface, but much less than the sagittae. The lapilli were oriented laterally, in contrast to the sagittae and asterisci that were oriented vertically, with a hump on the dorsum and very large otoconia on the lateral surface that appeared to fuse into the main otolith as the fish grew. Based on size measurements and ring counts in all three pairs of otoliths from known-age Alligator Gar sampled weekly through 91 days after hatch (N =101), we developed regression models to examine otolith growth and predict age. All relationships were significant and highly explanatory (r² ≥ 0.93), but the strongest relationship between otolith and fish size existed for measurements from sagittae (r² = 0.98) and age predictions from the lapillus (r² = 0.99). Age prediction models all resulted in a slope near unity, indicating that ring deposition occurred approximately daily. The first ring in sagittae and lapilli corresponded to swim-up whereas the first ring formed in asterisci approximately 8 days after swim-up. These results fill a gap in knowledge and can aid understanding of evolutionary processes as well as provide useful information for management and conservation.
Data from: A gateway for phylogenetic analysis powered by grid computing featuring GARLI 2.0
We introduce molecularevolution.org, a publicly available gateway for high-throughput, maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis powered by grid computing. The gateway features a garli 2.0 web service that enables a user to quickly and easily submit thousands of maximum likelihood tree searches or bootstrap searches that are executed in parallel on distributed computing resources. The garli web service allows one to easily specify partitioned substitution models using a graphical interface, and it performs sophisticated post-processing of phylogenetic results. Although the garli web service has been used by the research community for over three years, here we formally announce the availability of the service, describe its capabilities, highlight new features and recent improvements, and provide details about how the grid system efficiently delivers high-quality phylogenetic results.
Figure 5 from: Ferrari RR, Buschini MLT, Diniz MER, Zhu C-D, Melo GAR (2022) Discovery of Mourecotelles (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Colletinae) in Brazil: nesting biology and pollen preferences of a remarkable new species of the genus. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 89: 211-231. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.89.77485
Figure 5 The two most abundant pollen types found in the food provisions of Mourecotelles braziliensisAFabaceae sp.1 BPolygalaceae sp.1. Scale bars: 10 µm (A); 20 µm (B).
Figure 4 from: Ferrari RR, Buschini MLT, Diniz MER, Zhu C-D, Melo GAR (2022) Discovery of Mourecotelles (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Colletinae) in Brazil: nesting biology and pollen preferences of a remarkable new species of the genus. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 89: 211-231. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.89.77485
Figure 4 Nests of Mourecotelles braziliensis built in wooden trap nests A food provision looks bright orange when relatively fresh B brood cells become darker as larvae start to defecate (~26 days after hatch) C brood cells turn nearly black due to accumulation of larval feces (~31 days after hatch) D entrance of a TN07 plugged with cellophane-like material.
Figure 3 from: Ferrari RR, Buschini MLT, Diniz MER, Zhu C-D, Melo GAR (2022) Discovery of Mourecotelles (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Colletinae) in Brazil: nesting biology and pollen preferences of a remarkable new species of the genus. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 89: 211-231. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.89.77485
Figure 3 Terminalia of Mourecotelles braziliensisA S7, ventral view B S8, ventral view C genital capsule, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm.
Figure 2 from: Ferrari RR, Buschini MLT, Diniz MER, Zhu C-D, Melo GAR (2022) Discovery of Mourecotelles (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Colletinae) in Brazil: nesting biology and pollen preferences of a remarkable new species of the genus. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 89: 211-231. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.89.77485
Figure 2 Mourecotelles braziliensisA head of female holotype, frontal view B habitus of female holotype, lateral view C head of male paratype, frontal view D lower half of head of female holotype, frontal view. Scale bars: 1 mm.
Figure 1 from: Ferrari RR, Buschini MLT, Diniz MER, Zhu C-D, Melo GAR (2022) Discovery of Mourecotelles (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Colletinae) in Brazil: nesting biology and pollen preferences of a remarkable new species of the genus. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 89: 211-231. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.89.77485
Figure 1 Study site and schematic representation of our trap-nest experiment A Map showing the exact location of AMNP within Paraná state, Brazil B Satellite image of AMNP with color-coded rectangles pointing to where the collecting plots were set up within each environment C Line art depicting that plots consisted of two 60-meter transects, each containing four sampling stations with 12 trap nests of different bore diameters. Scale bar: 250 m.
Fig. 4 in Unappreciated Cenozoic ecomorphological diversification of stem gars revealed by a new large species
Fig. 4. Comparative anatomy of cuneatin skulls. A. Cuneatus maximus sp. nov., YPM VPPU.018063, from Upper Paleocene to lower Eocene Willwood Formation of Wyoming, USA; dorsal view. B, C. An uncatalogued portion of the Cuneatus wileyi Grande, 2010, mass death block (FMNH PF15202) discovered in the YPM collections where it is currently under transfer from FMNH.
Figures 1-4 from: Melo GAR, Faria LRR, Santos LM (2019) Xenochlora meridionalis sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), a new halictine bee from eastern Brazil as evidence of past connections between Amazonia and Atlantic Forest. Zoologia 36: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.36.e33805
Figures 1-4 Xenochlora meridionalis sp. nov., female holotype: (1) Habitus, lateral view; (2) Habitus, dorsal view; (3) Head, frontal view; (4) Head and mesosoma, posterodorsal view. Scale bars: 1–2 = 2 mm, 3–4 = 1 mm.
Figures 5-7 from: Melo GAR, Faria LRR, Santos LM (2019) Xenochlora meridionalis sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), a new halictine bee from eastern Brazil as evidence of past connections between Amazonia and Atlantic Forest. Zoologia 36: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.36.e33805
Figures 5-7 Xenochlora meridionalis sp. nov., female holotype: (5) Head, lateral view; (6) Mesosoma, dorsal view; (7) Metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bars: 5 = 1 mm, 6–7 = 2 mm.
Supplementary material 1 from: Lepeco A, Barbosa DN, Melo GAR (2022) A remarkable new family of stinging wasps from the Cretaceous of Myanmar and China (Hymenoptera, Aculeata). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 94: 163-190. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.94.85613
Additional figures of †Mirabythus lechriusCai et al., 2012 and †Mirabythus liaeCai et al., 2012.
Supplementary material 2 from: Barbosa DN, Melo GAR (2023) Revision of Bethylinae from Dominican amber, with description of a new genus (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 96: 167-180. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.96.100862
Phylogenetic tree
Supplementary material 1 from: Barbosa DN, Melo GAR (2023) Revision of Bethylinae from Dominican amber, with description of a new genus (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 96: 167-180. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.96.100862
Character matrix
Figure 4. – Lepisosteus platostomus. A-C in Histological characteristics of lower jaw bones and oral teeth of the short nose gar, Lepisosteus platostomus Rafinesque, 1820 (Lepisosteidae)
Figure 4. – Lepisosteus platostomus. A-C: Lower right jaw, transverse sections, natural transmitted light. A: Dentary. Primary bone with canaliculi of Williamson is dominating but with some areas of secondary bone around some vascular cavities. A patch of multilayered ganoine is seen (white asterisk) and the white arrowheads point to small secondary vascular canals. Scale bar = 50 μm. B: Detail of the inset 1 of Fig. 4A showing primary bone (bo) and secondary bone (black asterisks) with canaliculi of Williamson (arrowheads) present in the two types of bone tissues. Scale bar = 50 μm. C: Detail of the inset 2 of Fig. 4A showing several ramified canaliculi of Williamson (arrowheads). Scale bar = 50 μm. D: Scale. Transverse section, natural transmitted light. The bony basal plate (bp) shows the canaliculi of Williamson that are relatively parallel and with very few branchings. (G = ganoine). Scale bar = 200 μm. E: Coronoid bone. Detail of bony tissue showing several osteocytes (arrows) with their canaliculi. Scale bar = 10 μm. F: Coronoid bone. Detail of the base of a tooth (de) showing attachment bone (ab), primary bone (bo) and a vascular canal (vc) surrounded by secondary bone that is discordant (arrowheads) relatively to the primary bone. Scale bar = 5 μm.
Figure 1 in Histological characteristics of lower jaw bones and oral teeth of the short nose gar, Lepisosteus platostomus Rafinesque, 1820 (Lepisosteidae)
Figure 1. – Lepisosteus platostomus. Tomographic image of a fang (black asterisk), and a mid-sized caniniform teeth (white asterisk) in the anterior part of the left lower jaw. The tridimensional reconstruction of the dentary bone and teeth shows three folds in the internal wall of the fang (arrows), which occupy two thirds of the pulp cavity. The space indicated by arrows between the narrow walls of each fold corresponds to external area of the tooth due to the synchronized folding of both the dentine and the collar enamel. The pulp cavity of the second tooth also shows two folds (arrowheads) along the vertical axis of the shaft. Scale bar = 500 μm. (from Germain et al., 2016: fig. 1).
Data from: A gateway for phylogenetic analysis powered by grid computing featuring GARLI 2.0
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Data from: Ontogenetic development of otoliths in alligator gar
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HIRS/Nimbus-6 Level 1 Calibrated Radiances for the Global Atmospheric Research Program (GARP) V001 (HIRSN6L1GARP) at GES DISC
The Nimbus-6 High Resolution Infrared Radiometer (HIRS) Level 1 Calibrated Radiances for the Global Atmospheric Research Program (GARP) data product contains daily infrared radiances. The HIRS was designed to measure surface temperature and albedo, temperature and H2O profiles, cloud liquid water content, cloud amount and outgoing longwave fluxes in the infrared. The data, originally written on IBM 360 machines, were recovered from 9-track magnetic tapes. The data are archived in their original IBM 32-bit word binary record format, also referred to as a binary TAP file, and contain one orbit of measurements.The HIRS experiment on Nimbus-6 is a follow on to the successful Nimbus-5 ITPR experiment. HIRS was a multi-channel filter radiometer with a Cassegrain telescope before the chopper assembly. The instrument scans in the cross track direction with 21 scans on each side of the subtrack point with about 30 km x 55 km resolution at nadir. HIRS measured radiances primarily in five spectral regions: (1) seven channels near the 15-micrometer CO2 absorption band, (2) two channels (11.1 and 3.7 micrometers) in the IR window, (3) two channels (8.2 and 6.7 micrometers) in the water vapor absorption band, (4) five channels in the 4.3-micrometer band, and (5) one channel in the visible 0.69-micrometer region.The HIRS Principal Investigator was Mr. W. L. Smith from the NOAA National Environmental Satellite Service. The Nimbus-6 HIRS data are available from August 17, 1975 (day of year 229) through March 4, 1976 (day of year 238).These data were previously archived at NASA NSSDC under the entry ID ESAD-00017 together with the merged retrieval data set).
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