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Fig. 13 in Between areolated and band-shaped spots: a revision of Lacronia Strand, 1942 (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)

Fig. 13. Lacronia nigra (B. Soares, 1942) comb. nov., ♂ (MNRJ 9207ꜝ), penis, distal part. A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Ventral view. Scale bars = 20 μm.

Fig. 10. Lacronia spp. A. L. camboriu Kury, 2003 in Between areolated and band-shaped spots: a revision of Lacronia Strand, 1942 (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)

Fig. 10. Lacronia spp. A. L. camboriu Kury, 2003, ♂, holotype (MNRJ 4956ꜝ), specimen in alcohol, from Brazil, Santa Catarina, Balneário Camboriú. B. L. ceci Kury & Orrico, 2006, ♂, specimen in vivo, from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis. Photographs by Adriano Kury (A) and Glauco Machado (B).

Fig. 9 in Between areolated and band-shaped spots: a revision of Lacronia Strand, 1942 (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)

Fig. 9. Lacronia spp., female specimens, dorsal habitus. A. L. boraceae (B. Soares, 1942) comb. nov., holotype (MZSP 114ꜝ), schematic illustration. B. L. nigra (Mello-Leitão, 1923) comb. nov., holotype of Discocyrtus fazi Piza, 1942 (MZSP 1549ꜝ), schematic illustration. C. L. serripes Mello-Leitão, 1923 (MZSP 9973). Scale bars = 3 mm.

Fig. 11 in Between areolated and band-shaped spots: a revision of Lacronia Strand, 1942 (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)

Fig. 11. Lacronia ceci Kury & Orrico, 2006, ♂ (MNRJ 6945ꜝ), penis, distal part. A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Ventral view. D. Detail of stylus and ventral process, latero-dorsal view. Scale bars: A–C = 50 μm; D = 20 μm.

Fig. 8 in Between areolated and band-shaped spots: a revision of Lacronia Strand, 1942 (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)

Fig. 8. Lacronia boraceae (B. Soares, 1942) comb. nov., ♂ (MNRJ-HS 122ꜝ), penis, distal part. A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Ventral view. D. Detail of stylus and ventral process apex, dorsal view. Scale bars: A = 50 μm; B–C = 100 μm; D = 10 μm.

Fig. 6 in Between areolated and band-shaped spots: a revision of Lacronia Strand, 1942 (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)

Fig. 6. Lacronia boraceae (B. Soares, 1942) comb. nov., ♂ (MNRJ-HS 122ꜝ), specimen in alcohol. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Same, ventral view. C. Same, lateral view. D. Armature of mesotergum area III, free tergites I–III and anal operculum, posterior view. E. Right Pa–Ti IV, retro-lateral view. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 7 in Between areolated and band-shaped spots: a revision of Lacronia Strand, 1942 (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)

Fig. 7. Lacronia boraceae (B. Soares, 1942) comb. nov., ♂ (MNRJ-HS 122ꜝ). A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Ocularium, frontal view. C. Armature of mesotergum area III, posterior view. D. Right Fe III, prodorsal view. E. Habitus, lateral view. F. Left Fe IV, proventral view. G. Right Fe IV, retro-ventral view. H. Right Pa–Ti IV, proventral view. I. Right Pa–Ti IV, ventral view. Scale bars: A, E = 4 mm; B–C = 1 mm; D, H–I = 2 mm; F–G = 3 mm.

Fig. 5 in Between areolated and band-shaped spots: a revision of Lacronia Strand, 1942 (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)

Fig. 5. Southeasten and Southern regions of Brazil, showing the distribution of the Lacronia spp. The area shaded in green represents the Atlantic province, as proposed by Morrone et al. (2022).

Fig. 3 in Between areolated and band-shaped spots: a revision of Lacronia Strand, 1942 (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)

Fig. 3. Lacronia spp., specimens in vivo. A–D. L. nigra (B. Soares, 1942) comb. nov., ♂, from Brazil, São Paulo, Santo André, Alto da Serra. E–H. L. tenuis (Roewer, 1917) comb. nov., ♂, from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Mangaratiba. Source: Adriano Kury.

Fig. 2 in Between areolated and band-shaped spots: a revision of Lacronia Strand, 1942 (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)

Fig. 2. Cladogram depicting phylogenetic relationships of Lacronia Strand, 1942 and the outgroups, with synapomorphies supporting each clade mapped using ACCTRAN optimization. The tree represents the topology with shortest number of steps (k-values = 3.2, 4, 5, 6, 10, 15 and 20) recovered by TNT. Blue squares = nonhomoplastic synapomorphies; white circles = homoplastic synapomorphies. Numbers above symbols are the characters numbers. Numbers under symbols are the states numbers.

Fig. 16 in Between areolated and band-shaped spots: a revision of Lacronia Strand, 1942 (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)

Fig. 16. Lacronia serripes (Mello-Leitão, 1923), ♂ (MZSP 14343), specimen in alcohol. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Same, lateral view. C. Same, ventral view. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 17 in Between areolated and band-shaped spots: a revision of Lacronia Strand, 1942 (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)

Fig. 17. Lacronia serripes(Mello-Leitão, 1923), ♂ (MZSP 14342). A. Habitus, dorsal view.B. Ocularium, frontal view. C. Armature of mesotergum area III, posterior view. D. Habitus, lateral view. E. Left Fe– Ti III, proventral view. F. Right Fe–Ti IV, dorsal view. G. Same, prolateral view. H. Same, ventral view. I. Same, retro-lateral view. J. Right Mt–Ta IV, retro-lateral view. Scale bars: A, D–E, J = 2 mm; B–C = 1 mm; F–I = 3 mm.

Fig. 12 in Between areolated and band-shaped spots: a revision of Lacronia Strand, 1942 (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae)

Fig. 12. Lacronia nigra (B. Soares, 1942) comb. nov., ♂ (MNRJ 60385). A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Ocularium, frontal view. C. Armature of mesotergum area III, posterior view. D. Fe–Ti III, prodorsal view. E. Habitus, lateral view. F. Detail of the Cx IV prodorsal distal apophysis, posterior view. G. Right Fe–Ti IV, dorsal view. H. Same, prolateral view. I. Same, ventral view. J. Same, retro-lateral view. K. Right Mt–Ta IV, retro-lateral view. Scale bars: A, D–E, K = 2 mm; B–C, F = 1 mm; G–J = 3 mm.

FIGURE 7 in Qorimayus, a new genus of relictual, high-altitude harvestmen from western Argentina (Arachnida, Opiliones, Gonyleptidae) reveals trans-Andean phylogenetic links

FIGURE 7. Records of Qorimayus alticola (blue dots) in Sierra de Famatina, La Rioja Province, western Argentina, together with known localities of the Chilean genera Nanophareus (red dots) and Metabalta (yellow dots). Regional divisions in Chile: Coquimbo (COQ); Valparaíso (VAL); Región Metropolitana de Santiago (MET); Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins (OHI); Maule (MAU); Ñuble (ÑUB); Bío-Bío (BIO). Inset: position of the represented area in South America; La Rioja Province indicated in gray.

FIGURE 6 in Qorimayus, a new genus of relictual, high-altitude harvestmen from western Argentina (Arachnida, Opiliones, Gonyleptidae) reveals trans-Andean phylogenetic links

FIGURE 6. Distal end of penis, lateral views. A: Metabalta efformata Roewer, 1929, syntype ♂ (SMF), B–C: Detail of stylus and ventral process of stylus (VPS); C is slightly rotated dorsolaterally to see the subapical spines on the VPS shaft. D: Nanophareus bosqenublado Hara et al., 2012 (AMNH), E: Detail of stylus and VPS, F: Nanophareus palpalis Roewer, 1929, ♂ lectotype (SMF 986/1). Scales: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 4 in Qorimayus, a new genus of relictual, high-altitude harvestmen from western Argentina (Arachnida, Opiliones, Gonyleptidae) reveals trans-Andean phylogenetic links

FIGURE 4. Right pedipalps, lateral view; all drawings at the same scale. A: Qorimayus alticola (Ringuelet, 1962) comb. nov., holotype ♂ (MACN). B: Metabalta efformata Roewer, 1929, syntype ♂ (SMF). C: Metabalta geniculata Roewer, 1929, syntype ♂ (SMF) D: Nanophareus bosqenublado Hara et al., 2012 (AMNH). Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 1 in Qorimayus, a new genus of relictual, high-altitude harvestmen from western Argentina (Arachnida, Opiliones, Gonyleptidae) reveals trans-Andean phylogenetic links

FIGURE 1. Cladistic relationships of Qorimayus gen. nov.: single most parsimonious tree obtained with implied weights (IW), k=6 (Ci: 0.37, Ri: 0.60, tree length: 376 steps). Character optimization: solid circles depict non-homoplasious states, open circles are homoplasious states. Small numbers on a circle indicate the character number (above the circle) and its state (below); larger numbers under relevant branches display values of bootstrap, jackknife and symmetric resample (B-J-SR), high support values in bold. Abbreviations for major clades (underlined): G: Gonyleptidae; PsG: Pachyloides-group; PG: Pachylus-group; PG+Eu: Pachylus-group plus Eusarcus spp.; MG: Metabalta-group; M+Na(+): Metabalta+Na(+); M: genus Metabalta; Na(+): Nanophareus, plus N+T; Na: genus Nanophareus; e-s: "eyes-separate" clade.

FIGURE 2 in Qorimayus, a new genus of relictual, high-altitude harvestmen from western Argentina (Arachnida, Opiliones, Gonyleptidae) reveals trans-Andean phylogenetic links

FIGURE 2. Qorimayus alticola (Ringuelet, 1962) comb. nov., holotype ♂ (MACN). A: Dorsal view (scutum, free tergites, che- licerae, base of right pedipalp and legs I–III, and right leg IV, from coxa to tibia). B: Ventral view (coxae IV, stigmatic segment, free sternites, right trochanter, femur and patella I). C–D: Ocular mound, C: right lateral view with front hump, D: posterior view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 5 in Qorimayus, a new genus of relictual, high-altitude harvestmen from western Argentina (Arachnida, Opiliones, Gonyleptidae) reveals trans-Andean phylogenetic links

FIGURE 5. Qorimayus alticola (Ringuelet, 1962) comb. nov., holotype ♂, distal end of penis. A: Dorsal view. B: Lateral view. C: Detail of stylus and ventral process of stylus (VPS). Macrosetae series are labelled as MS A, MS B, MS C, MS D and MS E, following the nomenclature of Kury & Villarreal (2015). Scales: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 8 in Qorimayus, a new genus of relictual, high-altitude harvestmen from western Argentina (Arachnida, Opiliones, Gonyleptidae) reveals trans-Andean phylogenetic links

FIGURE 8. Habitat of Qorimayus alticola in the Río Oro canyon (La Rioja Province, Argentina). A: General view of the valley at ca. 2400 m a.s.l. B: Scrubland bordering the track to Mina El Oro, at one collecting site (2450 m a.s.l.).