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1,094 results for “Jornada Basin LTER”
Soil volumetric water content data from fifteen locations, 3 depths at each location, within the Tromble Weir experimental watershed at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 2010-ongoing
This data package contains 30-minute soil volumetric water content (VWC) data collected at fifteen locations along 3 transects (5 locations per transect) in the Tromble Weir Watershed area of the Jornada Basin in southern New Mexico, USA. At each location, soil sensors measure VWC at three depths, 5, 15 and 30 cm, in units of cubic meters of water per cubic meter of soil. These measurements are used to help quantify the water balance across the small experimental watershed. Values have been used to investigate groundwater recharge, soil infiltration rates, and to evaluate the performance of hydrologic models. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated annually.
Standard meteorology and ancillary data from the Tromble Weir experimental watershed tower at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 2010-ongoing
This data package contains 30-minute standard meteorology and ancillary data collected at an eddy covariance tower in the Tromble Weir Watershed area of the Jornada Basin in southern New Mexico, USA. These data are used to quantify the water and energy balances in a small experimental watershed, including observational studies to calculate groundwater recharge as a water balance residual, to build relations between soil moisture state and ET flux, and to quantify land-atmosphere interactions and improve our understanding of the eddy covariance method. Additionally, they have been used in modeling studies as a validation of model performance. This file presents the ancillary data collected at the eddy covariance tower, excluding the 20Hz flux measurements that are archived at AmeriFlux (site US-Jo2; http://ameriflux.lbl.gov/sites/siteinfo/US-Jo2). This includes soil moisture and temperature at 4 depths, air temperature and pressure, humidity and vapor pressure, ground heat flux, incoming and outgoing longwave and shortwave radiation, photosynthetically active radiation for a subset of the study period, and surface soil temperature. Instrument descriptions and detailed procedures are found in the references listed in the Methods section of this package. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated annually.
Aboveground vegetation cover and biomass in plots with experimentally altered precipitation and nutrient inputs at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 2006-ongoing
This dataset contains cover and biomass data collected starting in 2006 for a long-term precipitation and nutrient manipulation experiment at the Jornada Basin LTER site in southern New Mexico, U.S.A. This experiment uses precipitation shelters and irrigation treatments to manipulate water inputs, and fertilization treatments to alter nitrogen input to 2.5 x 2.5 meter plots in a desert grassland. Plant cover measurements are made annually in each plot, from which biomass or net primary production are derived. This is an ongoing study and the dataset will be updated yearly.
Density and cover of winter annual plants in three harvester ant habitats at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1987
This dataset contains plant cover and density data collected in three harvester ant (Pogonomyrmex rugosus) nesting habitats at the Jornada Basin LTER site in 1987. The purpose of this investigation was to answer three general questions: 1. How does the modification of soil properties and the ratios of resources (e.g., water-N) by ants alter species assemblages of winter annual plants at the edge of the ant nests? 2. How does the "spring cleaning", clipping, predation or herbivory by ants affect success of the winter annual plants at the edge of ant nests? 3. Are there significant differences in the floristic assemblage and belowground standing crop (root biomass) between the edge of ant nest and the surrounding unaffected soils? Variables included in the dataset include density and cover of all winter annual plants measured at regular intervals between January and May of 1987. Density is expressed as the number of individuals of a species per square meter. The cover of each species was calculated as the area covered by a perpendicular (not vertical) projection of its aerial parts onto the ground surface and expressed in covered area (cm squared) per square meter. This study was completed in 1987.
Soil nutrients sampled in and around harvester ant nests in three habitats at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1987
This dataset contains soil nutrient content measurements from harvester ant nests and reference soils in three nesting habitats at the Jornada Basin LTER site in 1987. The purpose of this investigation was to answer three general questions: 1. How does the modification of soil properties and the ratios of resources (e.g., water-N) by ants alter species assemblages of winter annual plants at the edge of the ant nests? 2. How does the "spring cleaning", clipping, predation or herbivory by ants affect success of the winter annual plants at the edge of ant nests? 3. Are there significant differences in the floristic assemblage and belowground standing crop (root biomass) between the edge of ant nest and the surrounding unaffected soils? Five ant nests and paired (non-nest) reference soils were sampled in three study locations. This dataset contains chemical analyses for the soil samples collected for each of the three sites, including total nitrogen, (ammonium, nitrate), inorganic phosphorus, and exchangeable cations (K+, Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+). Also included is below ground biomass from five ant nests for each of the three sites. This study was completed in 1987.
Soil organic matter content sampled in and around harvester ant nests in three habitats at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1987
This dataset contains soil organic matter content measurements from harvester ant nests and reference soils in three nesting habitats at the Jornada Basin LTER site in 1987. The purpose of this investigation was to answer three general questions: 1. How does the modification of soil properties and the ratios of resources (e.g., water-N) by ants alter species assemblages of winter annual plants at the edge of the ant nests? 2. How does the "spring cleaning", clipping, predation or herbivory by ants affect success of the winter annual plants at the edge of ant nests? 3. Are there significant differences in the floristic assemblage and belowground standing crop (root biomass) between the edge of ant nest and the surrounding unaffected soils? Five ant nests and paired (non-nest) reference soils were sampled in three study locations. This dataset contains percent (%) organic matter content measured by mass-loss on combustion in a muffle furnace. This study was completed in 1987.
Gravimetric soil water content sampled in and around harvester ant nests in three habitats at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1987
This dataset contains gravimetric soil water content measurements from harvester ant nests and reference soils in three nesting habitats at the Jornada Basin LTER site in 1987. The purpose of this investigation was to answer three general questions: 1. How does the modification of soil properties and the ratios of resources (e.g., water-N) by ants alter species assemblages of winter annual plants at the edge of the ant nests? 2. How does the "spring cleaning", clipping, predation or herbivory by ants affect success of the winter annual plants at the edge of ant nests? 3. Are there significant differences in the floristic assemblage and belowground standing crop (root biomass) between the edge of ant nest and the surrounding unaffected soils? Five ant nests and paired (non-nest) reference soils were sampled in three study locations on a monthly schedule from January to May 1987. This dataset contains percent (%) soil water content in these samples determined using the gravimetric method. This study was completed in 1987.
Grasshopper survey and substrate utilization data at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1983 to 1985
This dataset contains grasshopper occurrence observations sampled from 9 plots on the east bajada of the Dona Ana Mountains at the Jornada Basin LTER site from 1983 to 1985. Three plots were situated on the bajada parallel to and 200 m south of the LTER-I transect. Two additional sets of three plots were located 5 km and 10 km south of the LTER transect. Each plot is composed of two 50 meter belt transects, each divided into ten 5-square-meter quadrats. Grasshoppers were visually sampled in each quadrat/plot, once in May, July and September, in 1983, 1984 and 1985. Each individual grasshopper, its age, sex and the substrate it was observed on, are recorded as observations in the dataset. This study is complete.
Herbaceous vegetation size and cover data in grasshopper survey quadrats at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1984 to 1985
This dataset contains annual herbaceous plant data collected in association with grasshopper surveys during 1984 and 1985 as part of the Jornada Basin LTER program. Annual herbaceous plant data was collected from Jornada grasshopper plots on the east bajada of the Dona Ana Mts. Three plots were situated on the bajada parallel to and 200 m south of the LTER-I transect. Two additional sets of three plots were located 5 km and 10 km south of the LTER transect. Each plot is composed of two 50 m belt transects, each divided into ten 5-meter-squared quadrats. Annual plants were measured in the northeast 1 square meter of each quadrat. All individuals of each species were counted and measured. A mean diameter, height, and the total number of individuals per 1-square-meter quadrat were recorded. Measurements were taken in May, July, and September of 1984, and in May and September of 1985. This dataset consists of the date of collection, plot number, transect number, quadrat number, plant species code, mean plant diameter, and mean plant height. This dataset is complete.
Soil chemistry and nutrient distribution in long-term NPP plots at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1989
This dataset contains soil nutrient and chemistry data from soils collected in 1989 at the 15 long-term NPP study sites at the Jornada Basin LTER site. The study sites were selected to represent the 5 major ecosystem types in the Chihuahuan Desert (upland grasslands, playa grasslands, mesquite-dominated shrublands, creosotebush-dominated shrublands, tarbush-dominated shrublands). For each ecosystem type, three sites were selected to represent the range in variability in production and plant diversity; thus the locations are not replicates. In 1989, replicate soil samples were collected at multiple depths from buffer zones surrounding the long-term vegetation monitoring plots. Nutrient and chemical analyses were subsequently performed on these soils, and the data here include inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, pH, cation concentration, percent organic carbon, and other variables. This dataset is complete.
Soil chemistry and nutrient distribution in long-term NPP plots at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1991
This dataset contains soil nutrient and chemistry data from soils collected in 1991 at the 15 long-term NPP study sites at the Jornada Basin LTER site. The study sites were selected to represent the 5 major ecosystem types in the Chihuahuan Desert (upland grasslands, playa grasslands, mesquite-dominated shrublands, creosotebush-dominated shrublands, tarbush-dominated shrublands). For each ecosystem type, three sites were selected to represent the range in variability in production and plant diversity; thus the locations are not replicates. In fall of 1991, replicate soil samples were collected at multiple spatial grid designs in the biomass plots of the long-term vegetation monitoring plots. Nutrient and chemical analyses were subsequently performed on these soils, and the data here include total nitrogen, pH, gravimetric water content, and other variables. This dataset is complete.
Systems Ecology Lab Bajada Site: Weekly phenology observations of shrub and grass species at a bajada site at Jornada Basin LTER from 2010-2019
This dataset contains field-observed plot level phenology data for three perennial shrubs and one perennial grass at a bajada site at the Jornada Basin LTER site from 2010 to present. Shrubs include creosote (Larrea tridentata), honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa), and tarbush (Fluorensia). The grass is bush muhly grass (Muhlenbergia porteri). The protocols and phenophase categories were developed by the US National Phenology Network (US-NPN) to detect the different life-cycles of the plant, from leaf development (breaking leaf buds, young unfolded leaves, percentage of leaves in canopy), to flower development (flower buds, open flowers, full flowering), and presence of fruit (ripe fruits, fruits from past growing season). Field data sheets were modified from the US-NPN to record the presence or absence of each phenophase recorded at each observation period for each tagged plant. This dataset is complete.
Daily phenocam image data and derived timeseries for global change experiments at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 2014-2020
This dataset contains daily data extracted from phenocams installed at a global exchange experiment involving Chihuahuan desert plant communities at the Jornada Basin LTER site in southern New Mexico, U.S.A. Cycles of plant growth, termed phenology, are tightly linked to environmental controls, and our overarching objective in this study is to determine if temperature or precipitation are relatively more important for determining shrub and grass greenup date (start of season) and senescence date (end of season). At these camera locations, we experimentally manipulated incoming precipitation at the Jornada Basin LTER for over a decade and recorded plant leaf phenology at the daily scale for seven years using phenocams. The data included here comes from phenocams installed in two ongoing studies at the Jornada Basin LTER site, one studying ecosystem responses to long term changes in water and nitrogen availability, and one studying plant productivity and partitioning responses to water availability and herbivory (studies 349 and 456, respectively). Phenocams at the sites have collected images since 2014, and this dataset includes color values extracted from shrub and grass regions in these images. Further analyses, including daily values of calculated greenness (green chromatic coordinate), precipitation, and temperature, for all the plots included in the study are in EDI dataset knb-lter-jrn.210574002. This study is ongoing.
High resolution shrub cover raster maps of the Jornada Basin LTER, including JER and CDRRC (2011)
This data package contains two raster shrub cover maps of the Jornada Experimental Range (JER) and Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) in southern New Mexico, USA. The maps are derived from 1m resolution National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) aerial photos acquired in 2011. A one-meter resolution raster file lists cover as non-shrub or non-shrub. A hectare resolution raster file contains fractional shrub cover values (0-1) calculated from the one-meter raster.
Gridded 1-hectare estimates of shrub community structure at the Jornada Basin LTER site derived from NAIP (2011) and LiDAR (2019) data
This dataset contains four raster maps of shrub community structure at the Jornada Basin LTER site in southern New Mexico U.S.A. These shrub structure estimates were created by combining an existing categorical shrub map (Ji et al. 2019) with USGS LiDAR shrub height estimates from 2019. The resulting raster dataset includes four bands of spatially aligned shrub volume, cover, height, and density estimates at one hectare resolution. Data are also included in tabular format, extracted from the 1 hectare grid upon which estimates were created. These shrub structure estimates are intended to facilitate analyses of habitat structure and community dynamics within the northern Chihuahuan Desert.
Arthropod pitfall trap data from 12 NPP study locations at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1996-2001
This data package contains counts and taxonomic identification of arthropods sampled by pitfall traps at the Jornada Basin LTER site from 1996-2001. The objective of this study is to observe how shifts in vegetation resulting from desertification processes in the Chihuahaun desert have changed the spatial and temporal availability of resources for consumers. Desertification changes in the Jornada Basin include changes from grass to shrub dominated communities and major soil changes. If grassland systems respond to rainfall without significant lags, but shrub systems do not, then consumer species should reflect these differences. In addition, shifts from grassland to shrubland results in greater structural heterogeneity of the habitats. We hypothesized that consumer populations, diversity, and densities of some consumers will be higher in grasslands than in shrublands and will be related to the NPP of the sites. Arthropods were captured in pitfall traps at LTER III consumer plots (a subset of NPP plots) at 2 month intervals. Data collected includes number of individuals, order, family, genus, and species. This study is complete. Earlier arthropod data collected using a different study design are in package knb-lter-jrn.210008002.
Arthropod pitfall trap data from 9 NPP study locations at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1988-1994
This data package contains counts and taxonomic identification of arthropods sampled by pitfall traps at the Jornada Basin LTER site from 1988-1994. The objective of this study is to observe how shifts in vegetation resulting from desertification processes in the Chihuahaun desert have changed the spatial and temporal availability of resources for consumers. Desertification changes in the Jornada Basin include changes from grass to shrub dominated communities and major soil changes. If grassland systems respond to rainfall without significant lags, but shrub systems do not, then consumer species should reflect these differences. In addition, shifts from grassland to shrubland results in greater structural heterogeneity of the habitats. We hypothesized that consumer populations, diversity, and densities of some consumers will be higher in grasslands than in shrublands and will be related to the NPP of the sites. Arthropods were captured in pitfall traps at 9 of the LTER II/III consumer plots (a subset of NPP plots) a few times per year. Data collected includes number of individuals, order, family, genus, and species. This study is complete. Later arthropod data collected using a different study design are in package knb-lter-jrn.210008001.
Raw neutron counts from a soil water content hydroprobe along the LTER-I transects (control and fertilized) at the Jornada Basin LTER, 1986-ongoing
This data package contains raw neutron count data from a series of soil neutron hydroprobe measurements along the permanent LTER-I transects located at Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) in the Jornada Basin of southern New Mexico, USA. The control and treatment transects are parallel to each other and are 2.7 km in length extending from the middle of the College Playa to the foot of Mt. Summerford. The treatment transect was treated annually with ammonium nitrate fertilizer (NH4NO3 at 10g N/m2/yr) until 1987. Measurement stations are located at 30 meter intervals along each transect, and there are neutron probe access tubes located every station on the control transect (n=89) and at every fifth station at the treatment transect (n=19). Measurements were taken at 5 depths using a neutron probe (CPN Model 503DR Hydroprobe). Neutron probe readings in 3 non-weighing mini-lysimeters along each transect are also included. This dataset consists of the count of thermalized neutrons at 30 cm, 60 cm, 90 cm, 110 cm, and 130 cm depths. These counts are subsequently converted with transect site-specific calibration equations to the volumetric water content data provided in EDI packageID knb-lter-jrn.210012002. Measurements were taken at 2 week intervals from April 1982 to 1987 and monthly thereafter. Data collection for this study is ongoing.
Percent cover of vegetation measured by the line-intercept method at multiple locations on long-term ecosystem transects (including nitrogen fertilization treatments) at Jornada Basin LTER, 1982-2014
This data package contains data on the average percent cover of plant species on three permanent LTER-I transects at the Chihuahuan Desert Rangeland Research Center (CDRRC) in southern New Mexico. Prior to becoming a livestock exclosure, the study site was moderately to heavily grazed for the past 100 years. The purpose of this study was to document the vegetation changes associated with the addition of nitrogen fertilizer following nearly a century of grazing. Three permanent, parallel transects (2.7 km in length) run from the middle of the College Playa up to the foot of Mt. Summerford. The Treatment transect was treated annually with ammonium nitrate fertilizer (NH4NO3 at 10g N/m2/yr) until 1987. Along each transect, 91 stations, each with a plant intercept line, are spaced at 30 meter intervals. Each plant intercept line is perpendicular to a 2.7 km transect and is 30 meters in length broken into 5 meter segments. The included dataset gives calculated average percent cover of each plant species for each of these plant intercept lines on all three LTER-I permanent transects (91 lines each). Measurements were made biannually from 1982 - 1988. After this, they are measured every 5 years. Data consists of the date, week number, transect, station number, JRN species code, USDA Plants code, species binomial, photosynthetic pathway, habit, form, and average percent cover. This study is ongoing.
Jornada Basin LTER Weather Station Daily summary climate data
Daily summary values of averages of readings of the following parameters are made which are based on data recorded on a Campbell CR10, CR10X, then CR1000 data logger: maximum, minimum, and average air temperature; maximum and minimum relative humidity; total precipitation; average wind speed; maximum wind speed; average wind direction; total incoming solar radiation; average soil temperature at 5cm and 20cm; mean dew temperature. From 1983 - 5 June 1991, readings on which daily averages are based were made at 12 second intervals. From 6 June 1991 to present, readings on which daily averages are based are made at 10 second intervals.
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