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Interagency Ecological Program and US Fish and Wildlife Service: Beach Seine Efficiency Study, collected by the Delta Juvenile Fish Monitoring Program, 2013-2018
Within the San Francisco Estuary, beach seining has been used since the 1970s by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Delta Juvenile Fish Monitoring Program (DJFMP) to monitor the relative abundance and distribution of juvenile Chinook salmon and other fishes of management concern occurring in near shore habitats. Over 2,000 seine samples are currently being collected throughout the San Francisco Estuary annually. Data from these surveys are used to make various water operation decisions and help inform managers on the status of fish populations within the San Francisco Estuary. By not accounting for the variability of species- and size-specific efficiency of beach seines across environmental gradients, the metrics developed by the DJFMP are likely underestimated and biased to an unknown extent. Consequently, the ability of the DJFMP to document the true occupancy of fishes for water operations and population vicissitude may be inhibited. Therefore, the first objective of this study is to estimate the species- and size-specific capture efficiency of DJFMP beach seines for fishes occurring in near shore habitats within the San Francisco Estuary. The second objective is to model the observed efficiency estimates using habitat variables to allow managers to account for incomplete detection when estimating fish abundance and occupancy from DJFMP beach seine data.
Virgin Islands National Park: Coral Reef: Juvenile Coral
Coral larvae are selective with regards to the surfaces upon which they settle, but little is known about the outcome of these choices. In this study, we explored the implications for juvenile scleractinians (less than 40-mm diameter) of growing on igneous versus carbonate rock on the shallow reefs (5-m depth) of St. John, US Virgin Islands. Surveys revealed that juvenile corals occurred at densities of 16 colonies m− 2 and were distributed on igneous and carbonate rocks in proportion to the abundance of these surfaces, suggesting that larvae do not discriminate between rock types at settlement. Repeated surveys demonstrated that all juvenile corals (i.e., pooled among taxa) grew 41% slower on igneous versus carbonate rock between January and August, but not between August and January when the growth was statistically indistinguishable between rock types. Although the growth of the most common juvenile coral, Porites astreoides, was similar on both substrata, the photophysiology of this species was affected by the type of rock. The maximum relative electron transfer rate (rETR, a proxy for photosynthesis) of P. astreoides was down-regulated 30% on igneous compared to carbonate rock. Phylogenetic analyses of the Symbiodinium community sequence profiles within P. astreoides revealed significant differences between substrata, with a greater diversity of co-occurring ITS-2 sequences in corals growing on carbonate compared to igneous rock. While substratum-dependent patterns in the characteristics of juvenile corals suggested there is selective value to the settlement choices made by larvae, these trends did not translate into differences in survival, at least over the time scale investigated. It remains uncertain what features of the rocks affected coral performance, but differences in the temperature of the rock may be an important feature during the warmest period of the year.
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Community Dynamics: Juvenile Coral Density from 2005, ongoing
These data describe the density (colonies per quadrat of 0.5 x 0.5 m size) of juvenile corals on the fringing reefs and outer reef (10 m depth) of Moorea. Beginning in 2005, surveys are completed annually at LTER 1 and 2 in the austral autumn (April-May). Addition event-motivated sampling began in 2011 with additional sites from the other two shores of Moorea surveyed and surveys at LTER 1 and 2 repeated in August; these surveys will likely continue for 1-2 years but will not become a maintained component of the annual sampling. The focus is on juvenile corals defined as individuals less than or equal to 40 mm diameter. These data include juvenile scleractinian corals and juvenile Millepora spp. (Class: Hydrozoa; Order Hydroida, Sub Order Anthomedusae, Family Milleporidae). These transects are co-located with annual photographic surveys and, therefore, broad community descriptors are also available.
Metabolic recovery and compensatory shell growth of juvenile Pacific geoduck Panopea generosa following short-term exposure to acidified seawater
<p><strong>METABOLIC RECOVERY AND COMPENSATORY SHELL GROWTH OF JUVENILE PACIFIC GEODUCK <em>PANOPEA GENEROSA</em> FOLLOWING SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE TO ACIDIFIED SEAWATER</strong></p> <p><strong>Samuel J. Gurr<sup>1*</sup>, Brent Vadopalas<sup>2</sup>, Steven B. Roberts<sup>3</sup>, Hollie M. Putnam<sup>1</sup></strong></p> <p><sup>1 </sup>University of Rhode Island, College of the Environment and Life Sciences, 120 Flagg Rd, Kingston, RI 02881 USA</p> <p><sup>2 </sup>University of Washington, Washington Sea Grant, 3716 Brooklyn Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98105 USA</p> <p><sup>3 </sup>University of Washington, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, 1122 NE Boat St, Seattle, WA 98105 USA</p> <p><strong>*Corresponding author:</strong> Fax: Phone:1-401-874-9510 Email: samuel_gurr@uri.edu</p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>While acute stressors can be detrimental, environmental stress conditioning can improve performance. To test the hypothesis that physiological status is altered by stress conditioning, we subjected juvenile Pacific geoduck, <em>Panopea generosa, </em>to repeated exposures of elevated <em>p</em>CO<sub>2</sub> in a commercial hatchery setting followed by a period in ambient common garden. Respiration rate and shell length were measured for juvenile geoduck periodically throughout short-term repeated reciprocal exposure periods in ambient (~550 µatm) or elevated (~2400 µatm) <em>p</em>CO<sub>2</sub> treatments and in common, ambient conditions, five months after exposure. Short-term exposure periods comprised an initial 10-day exposure followed by 14 days in ambient before a secondary 6-day reciprocal exposure. The initial exposure to elevated <em>p</em>CO<sub>2 </sub>significantly reduced respiration rate by 25% relative to ambient conditions, but no effect on shell growth was detected. Following 14 days in common garden, ambient conditions, reciprocal exposure to elevated or ambient <em>p</em>CO<sub>2</sub> did not alter juvenile respiration rates, indicating ability for metabolic recovery under subsequent conditions. Shell growth was negatively affected during the reciprocal treatment in both exposure histories, however clams exposed to the initial elevated <em>p</em>CO<sub>2</sub> showed compensatory growth with 5.8% greater shell length (on average between the two secondary exposures) after five months in ambient conditions. Additionally, clams exposed to the secondary elevated <em>p</em>CO<sub>2 </sub>showed 52.4% increase in respiration rate after five months in ambient conditions. Early exposure to low pH appears to trigger carry-over effects suggesting bioenergetic re-allocation facilitates growth compensation. Life stage-specific exposures to stress can determine when it may be especially detrimental, or advantageous, to apply stress conditioning for commercial production of this long-lived burrowing clam.</p> <p> </p>
LBBG_JUVENILE - Juvenile lesser black-backed gulls (Larus fuscus, Laridae) and herring gulls (Larus argentatus, Laridae) hatched in Zeebrugge (Belgium)
<p><em>LBBG_JUVENILE - Juvenile lesser black-backed gulls (Larus fuscus, Laridae) and herring gulls (Larus argentatus, Laridae) hatched in Zeebrugge (Belgium)</em> is a bird tracking dataset published by the <a href="https://inbo.be">Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO)</a>. It contains animal tracking data collected by the LifeWatch GPS tracking network for large birds (<a href="http://lifewatch.be/en/gps-tracking-network-large-birds">http://lifewatch.be/en/gps-tracking-network-large-birds</a>) for the project/study <strong>LBBG_JUVENILE</strong>, using trackers developed by Ornitela (<a href="https://www.ornitela.com">https://www.ornitela.com</a>). The study has been operational since 2020. In total 92 individuals of lesser black-backed gull (<em>Larus fuscus</em>) and European herring gull (<em>Larus argentatus</em>) have been tagged shortly after fledging in the colony of Zeebrugge, mainly to study their habitat use and migration behaviour. Data are automatically synced with Movebank and from there periodically archived on Zenodo (see <a href="https://github.com/inbo/bird-tracking">https://github.com/inbo/bird-tracking</a>).</p> <h2>Files</h2> <p>Data in this package are exported from Movebank study <a href="https://www.movebank.org/cms/webapp?gwt_fragment=page=studies,path=study1259686571">1259686571</a>. Fields in the data follow the <a href="http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB">Movebank Attribute Dictionary</a> and are described in <code>datapackage.json</code>. Files are structured as a <a href="https://specs.frictionlessdata.io/data-package/">Frictionless Data Package</a>. You can access all data in R via <code>https://zenodo.org/records/16933166/files/datapackage.json</code> using <a href="https://frictionlessdata.github.io/frictionless-r/">frictionless</a>.</p> <ul> <li><strong>datapackage.json</strong>: technical description of the data files.</li> <li><strong>LBBG_JUVENILE-reference-data.csv</strong>: reference data about the animals, tags and deployments.</li> <li><strong>LBBG_JUVENILE-gps-yyyy.csv.gz</strong>: GPS data recorded by the tags, grouped by year.</li> </ul> <h2>Acknowledgements</h2> <p>This dataset was collected using infrastructure provided by INBO and funded by Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO) as part of the Belgian contribution to LifeWatch.</p>
Land based IMTA culture of abalone (Haliotis tuberculata) juvenile, anemone (Anemona sulcata) and Ulvella lens
<p>France Haliotis implemented a co-culture trial in abalone (Haliotis tuberculata) nursery tanks in a flow through system in order to improve growth and survival of abalone juveniles, reduce amphipods and copepods populations while recycling nutrients</p>
MCR LTER: Coral Reef Resilience: Juvenile Parrotfish Habitat Associations at North Shore Fringe and Backreef in March 2011
These data describe habitat associations of juvenile parrotfish (Scaridae) encountered during systematic searches at LTER 1 and LTER 2 fringing reef and back reef sites during March 2011. At each site SCUBA divers or snorkelers identified, counted, and estimated the sizes of juvenile parrotfish and recorded the microhabitat that each individual or group of individuals was associated with on two 100 m x 10 m wide transects (n = 8 transects total). Upon encountering a juvenile or group of juveniles, the surveyor recorded the microhabitat type that fishes were first seen to be closest to. They also closely observed the behavior of fishes to see if they were utilizing a particular microhabitat as shelter, and if so this was also recorded. Several groups of fishes first observed to be grazing on hard substrate or on macroalgae quickly retreated into the nearby coral Porites rus when approached. Hence for these individuals we considered the initial habitat they were associated with (e.g., hard substrate or macroalgae) to be their primary microhabitat, but also noted that they were associated with Porites rus for shelter.
Fig. 1 in Are juveniles of the enigmatic deep-sea nematode Rhaptothyreus (Rhaptothyreida: Rhaptothyreidae) parasitic?
Fig. 1. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Line drawings. A. Lateral view of male head. B. Lateral view of moulting juvenile head, with details of surface striations on outer cuticle and outline of amphid under moulting cuticle. C. Anterior body region of male. D. Anterior body region of juvenile. E. Lateral view of male mid-body region. F. Posterior body region of male. G. Posterior body region of juvenile. Arrows show the position of the chord (c) and turgescent cells (t). Scale bar: A–B = 50 µm, C–D = 75 µm, E = 60 µm, F–G = 70 µm.
Fig. 4 in Are juveniles of the enigmatic deep-sea nematode Rhaptothyreus (Rhaptothyreida: Rhaptothyreidae) parasitic?
Fig. 4. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Scanning electron micrographs. A-B. Male head. C. Juvenile head. D. Male posterior body region. Scale bar: A = 20 µm, B = 8 µm, C = 12 µm, D = 16 µm.
Fig. 3 in Are juveniles of the enigmatic deep-sea nematode Rhaptothyreus (Rhaptothyreida: Rhaptothyreidae) parasitic?
Fig. 3. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Light micrographs (moulting juvenile). A. Lateral view of head, showing stylet-like structure. B. Sharp transition between anterior (left) and posterior trophosome (right). C. Lateral chord, mid-body region. D. Posterior body region. Scale bar: A = 20 µm, B = 40 µm, C = 28 µm, D = 25 µm.
Fig. 2 in Are juveniles of the enigmatic deep-sea nematode Rhaptothyreus (Rhaptothyreida: Rhaptothyreidae) parasitic?
Fig. 2. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Light micrographs (♂). A. Lateral view of head showing amphid. B. Mid-body region showing cuticle, turgescent cells and portion of anterior trophosome with rod-shaped structures. C. Cells of lateral chord with clear, round inclusions. D. Posterior body region. Arrows show the position of the two small ducts apparently joining just prior to the cloacal opening. Scale bar: A, C = 20 µm, B = 18 µm, C = 30 µm.
FIG. 4 in Juvenile eucladid crinoid from the Middle Devonian of Turkey
FIG. 4. — Plate diagram of Dendrocrinidae? gen., sp. indet. Black, radial plates; grey, matrix; Scale bar: 1.0 mm.
Interactive 3D PDF file for the structures 10 hr juvenile of Oikopleura dioica and supplementary movie S1-20 with high resolution
<p>The larvacean, Oikopleura dioica is a planktonic chordate, which is an emerging model organism with short life cycle of 5 days and belongs to tunicates (urochordates). Organ formation in the trunk proceeds in seven hours form hatching of tailbud larvae at three hours after fertilization (hpf) to completion of organ formation in fully functional juveniles that start feeding at 10 hpf and are just miniature of adult form.</p> <p>The juveniles were fixed at 10.5 hours post fertilization, 30 min after the tail shift (Nishida, H., 2008 Development of the appendicularian Oikopleura dioica: culture, genome, and cell lineages. Dev. Growth Differ. 50, S239–S256.). The data would be used as a basic morphological data of this animal to explore organ structures and cellular composition.</p> <p>This PDF file allows one to view 3D juvenile of O. dioica in any desired directions. One can show or hide the organs and rotate them by mouse. Open this PDF file and activate it as described in Adobe Acrobat User Guide (https://helpx.adobe.com/acrobat/using/displaying-3d-models-pdfs.html). Click Toggle "Model Tree button" with three small rectangulars in the tool bar. Then in the left panel, one can select the organs and nuclei you want to see. Select lighting as "daylight". Select solid or transparency mode.<br> The Juvenile 3D image was reconstructed with Amira software using 1967 serial section images of SBF-SEM (Serial block face scanning electron microscopy) that are available at https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.d51c5b012.</p> <p>The Zip file also contains supplementary movie S1-20 (avi file) with high resolution and the legends (PDF file).</p> <p>This data is related to the paper, 3D reconstruction of structures of hatched larva and young juvenile of the larvacean Oikopleura dioica using SBF-SEM. (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-83706-y).</p>
Fig. 4 in Identification of nurseries areas of juvenile Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1836) (Characiformes: Prochilodontidae) by scale and otolith morphometry and microchemistry
Fig. 4. Relative warp (RW) analysis based on landmark coordinates. Thin plate spline transformation grids for the extreme points of RW are shown; these were superimposed on the shapes predicted when the average landmark configuration of all scales was deformed into that of a hypothetical scale positioned at the extreme of the RW of interest. A) RW2 vs. RW1; B) RW3 vs. RW1.
Fig. 1 in Identification of nurseries areas of juvenile Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1836) (Characiformes: Prochilodontidae) by scale and otolith morphometry and microchemistry
Fig. 1. Study area. The red circles indicate the streaked prochilod (Prochilodus lineatus) collection sites.
Fig. 2 in Identification of nurseries areas of juvenile Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1836) (Characiformes: Prochilodontidae) by scale and otolith morphometry and microchemistry
Fig. 2. Lapilli otolith of a streaked prochilod (Prochilodus lineatus). a) Right otolith of one of the sampled individuals, internal view (age 0+); b) right otolith section through the core (age 0+); c) example view of growth rings in an adult fish (age 8+). Abbreviations: A, anterior; D, dorsal; P, posterior; V, ventral; Ext, exterior; Int, interior.
Fig. 3 in Identification of nurseries areas of juvenile Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1836) (Characiformes: Prochilodontidae) by scale and otolith morphometry and microchemistry
Fig. 3. Landmark definitions used in the fish scales. Abbreviations: A, anterior; D, dorsal; P, posterior; V, ventral.
Characterizing juvenile dispersal dynamics of invasive barred owls: implications for management
<p>Characterizing natal dispersal can help manage the spread of invasive species expanding their ranges in response to land use and climate change. The Barred Owl (<em>Strix varia</em>) is a prominent example of an apex predator undergoing a rapid range expansion, having spread from eastern to western North America where it is now hyperabundant—threatening the Northern Spotted Owl (<em>S. occidentalis caurina</em>) with extinction and potentially endangering many other native species. We attached satellite tags to 31 Barred Owl juveniles at the southern leading edge of the Barred Owl's expanding range in California to characterize natal dispersal patterns and inform management. Juveniles traveled up to 100km from natal territories and experienced high mortality (annual survival = 0.204). At landscape scales, juveniles preferentially used forests, shrublands, and lower elevations during dispersal and avoided grasslands and burned areas. At finer scales, juveniles preferred shorter (younger) forests, lower elevations, and drainages, and avoided unforested areas. Our results suggest the Barred Owl range expansion is being driven primarily by high reproductive rates and densities despite low juvenile survival rates and dispersal through putatively suboptimal younger forests as a result of exclusion from high-quality habitat by territorial individuals. These findings also point to several strategies for conserving Spotted Owls and other native species in the Barred Owl's expanded range, including: (1) creating and maintaining Barred Owl-free reserves bounded by open or high-elevation areas; (2) creating reserves large enough to reduce immigration by long distance dispersers; and (3) removing Barred Owls from large riparian corridors. </p>
Empirical data on growth and residency of juvenile Pacific salmon in North America estuaries
<p>Dataset compiling empirical data on estuarine growth and residency of Pacific salmon in North America. We conducted a systematic literature review to create this database, starting with a literature search in <i>Web of Science Core Collection</i> through Simon Fraser University's library proxy on April 24th, 2018, using the search parameters (salmon, Oncorhynchus) AND (estuary*) AND (residen* OR growth OR survival OR mortality), which returned 681 results (these results were presented in Arbeider 2018). We updated the search on March 29th, 2020, which produced 24 additional papers published after April 2018, and again on July 7th, 2022 which yielded another 31 papers published since March 2020. From these results, we extracted papers that research Pacific salmonids and whose study estuary was in North America. From this reduced list of papers, we extracted growth and residency parameters, as well as other relevant data. For complete methods please refer to:</p><p>Arbeider, M. et al. (In press). The estuarine growth and residency of juvenile Pacific salmon in North America: a compilation of empirical data. <i>Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences.</i></p>
Diving behaviors of juvenile northern and southern elephant seals
<p><span></span>Understanding the ontogeny of diving behavior in marine megafauna is crucial due to its influence on foraging success, energy budgets, and mortality. We compared the ontogeny of diving behavior in two closely related species – northern elephant seals (<em>Mirounga angustirostris</em>, n = 4) and southern elephant seals (<em>Mirounga leonina</em>, n = 9) – to shed light on the ecological and evolutionary processes underlying migration. Although both species have similar sizes and behaviors as adults, we discovered that juvenile northern elephant seals have superior diving development, reaching 260 meters diving depth in just 30 days, while southern elephant seals require 160 days. Similarly, northern elephant seals achieve dive durations of ~11 minutes on their first day of migration, while southern elephant seals take 125 days. The faster physiological maturation of northern elephant seals could be related to longer offspring dependency and post-weaning fast durations, allowing them to develop their endogenous oxygen stores. Comparison across both species suggests that weaned seal pups face a trade-off between leaving early with higher energy stores but poorer physiological abilities or leaving later with improved physiology but reduced fat stores. This trade-off might be influenced by their evolutionary history, which shapes their migration behaviors in changing environments over time.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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