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Fig. 5 in Niche partitioning between juvenile sympatric crocodilians in Mesangat Lake, East Kalimantan, Indonesia

Fig. 5. Sightings of C. siamensis (n = 71) and T. schlegelii (n = 101) belonging to different estimated size classes, spotted in Mesangat Lake during different seasons: dry (2011), transitional (2012) and wet (2010).

Fig. 4 in Niche partitioning between juvenile sympatric crocodilians in Mesangat Lake, East Kalimantan, Indonesia

Fig. 4. Boxplots of the distance to the nearest tree and the nearest floating grass mat of T. schlegelii (n = 28) and C. siamensis (n = 33) spotted and/or captured in Mesangat wetland in May–June 2012. All C. siamensis and 7% of T. schlegelii sightings occurred in open areas with floating grass mats. Tomistoma schlegelii was found at significantly larger median distances from grass mats than C. siamensis (W = 823, n1 = 28, n2 = 33, P <0.001) and significantly closer to the nearest tree (W = 129.5, n1 = 28, n2 = 33, P <0.001).

Fig.3 in Niche partitioning between juvenile sympatric crocodilians in Mesangat Lake, East Kalimantan, Indonesia

Fig.3. Locations of C. siamensis and T. schlegelii spotted in Mesangat Lake habitats in the three seasons: wet (2010), dry (2011) and transitional (2012). Data on C. siamensis distribution in 2010 and 2011 refer to Behler et al. (2018). Base map: ArcMap Bing Aerial.

Fig. 4 in Population size, demography and diet of the Siamese crocodile, Crocodylus siamensis (Schneider, 1801) in the Mesangat Swamp in Kalimantan, Indonesia

Fig. 4. Relative dry weight of each prey category found in all 13 samples of stomach lavages from Crocodylus siamensis.

Fig. 1 in Population size, demography and diet of the Siamese crocodile, Crocodylus siamensis (Schneider, 1801) in the Mesangat Swamp in Kalimantan, Indonesia

Fig. 1. The Mesangat wetland in East Kalimantan (inset: the Mesangat position within Kalimantan). Black – Villages; Black with Red dot – Survey locations; maps modified after © OpenStreetMap).

Fig. 2 in Population size, demography and diet of the Siamese crocodile, Crocodylus siamensis (Schneider, 1801) in the Mesangat Swamp in Kalimantan, Indonesia

Fig. 2. Code for cut tail scutes on Crocodylus siamensis in Danau Mesangat (modified after Kay, 2004).

opencc-zeroJul 2020View details →

Data from: Using a participatory impact assessment framework to evaluate a community-led mangrove and fisheries conservation approach in West Kalimantan, Indonesia

<ol> <li>Community-based conservation (CBC) has been identified as a solution to biodiversity loss, climate change, and the reduction of rural poverty. The heterogeneity in social and economic inequalities often acts as a barrier to community engagement in resource management and further inhibits the distributional equity of social and ecological outcomes.</li> <li>This study presents a participatory impact assessment (PIA) framework that evaluated the outcomes of a cross-sector community-led conservation initiative. Community members involved in the program identified activities and outcomes for the Conservation Cooperative (CC), ranking the influence of the former on the latter as well as their daily life through multiple focus group discussions (FGDs). Participants were asked to rank the impact of activities on outcomes and the scale of the outcome which was totaled to identify the most impactful program activities and outcomes during the project period.</li> <li>Community members reported improved income, health, education and the creation of a locally-led natural resource management system. Members also reported improved crab harvest rates and reduced mangrove deforestation. Environmental outcomes identified by community members through the PIA were verified through a secondary spatial analysis and mud-crab independent fisheries monitoring.</li> <li>The results support the hypothesis that environmental NGOs need to consider a multi-dimensional view of human well-being, and that cross-sector integrated interventions may be effective at improving multiple outcomes.</li> <li>Future steps should focus on spatial replication of the CC program which will provide further insights by testing for differences in outcomes between villages, how those are impacted by preexisting social and ecological systems, and comparing outcomes between control sites that did not receive interventions.</li> </ol>

opencc-zeroFeb 2022View details →

Palaeoecological data of KTG core, Katingan, Central Kalimantan, Borneo, Indonesia

Southeast Asian peatlands, along with their various important ecosystem services, are mainly distributed in the coastal areas of Sumatra and Borneo. These ecosystems are threatened by coastal development, global warming and sea level rise (SLR). Despite receiving growing attention for their biodiversity and as massive carbon stores, there is still a lack of knowledge on how they initiated and evolved over time, and how they responded to past environmental change, i.e., precipitation, sea level and early anthropogenic activities. To improve our understanding thereof, we conducted multi-proxy palaeoecological studies in the Kampar Peninsula and Katingan peatlands in the coastal area of Riau and Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The results indicate that the initiation timing and environment of both peatlands are very distinct, suggesting that peat could form under various vegetation as soon as there is sufficient moisture to limit organic matter decomposition. The past dynamics of both peatlands were mainly attributable to natural drivers, while anthropogenic activities were hardly relevant. Changes in precipitation and sea level led to shifts in peat swamp forest vegetation, peat accumulation rates, and fire regimes at both sites. We infer that the simultaneous occurrence of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events and SLR resulted in synergistic effects which led to the occurrenceere fires in a pristine coastal peatland ecosystem, however, it did not interrupt peat accretion. In the future, SLR, combined with the projected increase in frequency and intensity of ENSO, can potentially amplify the negative effects of anthropogenic peatland fires. This prospectively stimulates massive carbon release, thus could, in turn, contribute to worsening the global climate crisis especially once an as yet unknown threshold is crossed and peat accretion is halted, i.e., peatlands lose their carbon sink function. Given the current rapid SLR, coastal peatland managements should start develop fire risk reduction or mitigation strategies.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2022View details →

Data set for the pottery excavated at the Liang Abu site (East Kalimantan, Indonesia)

A table describing 1105 pottery sherds excavated at the Liang Abu site (Est Kalimantan, Indonesia).

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2022View details →

Data set for the shells excavated at the Liang Abu site (East Kalimantan, Indonesia)

Data set for the 2431 shell excavated at the Liang Abu site (East Kalimantan, Indonesia).

opencc-zeroApr 2024View details →

Data from: fire in the rainforest: a 3,200-year history of fire in a West Kalimantan, Indonesia tropical rainforest

Despite its perceived historical rarity, fire is an important disturbance in tropical rainforests. Very large rainforest fires have been observed multiple times in recent decades, often during years of strong El Niño-Southern Oscillation droughts. Fire in rainforest has major short-term consequences for humans and wildlife by converting forest to fire-prone fern, shrub, and grass, but the long-term effects remain to be seen. Borneo's indigenous groups have been using fire to clear land for centuries, yet the prevalence and spatial patterns of pre-modern fire across forest types in Borneo is not well understood. This research set out to reconstruct fire in a 1500-ha primary rainforest spanning 800 m of elevation in Indonesian Borneo with the goal of elucidating the role humans have played in rainforest fire. We found that humans played an important role in the occurrence of fire in recent centuries. Evidence of fire—charcoal >2 mm—is more abundant in forest types where humans would be more likely to live and/or practice swidden agriculture. However, pyrogenic material is ubiquitous across the study area, showing that all forest types have experienced fire. A set of 50 radiocarbon dates showed that in lowland areas—where human-caused fire is most likely—fire occurred throughout the last 3,200 years, peaking 1300-1600 CE. The upland areas lacked evidence of fire before 1250 CE but otherwise had a similar pattern to the lowlands. The period of high fire coincides with regional demographic changes as well as regional droughts documented elsewhere in Southeast Asia. In upland areas, fires likely burned only under regional drought when fires could more easily spread upslope. Although forest plot studies at this site show little structural evidence of past fires, tree diversity is lower than expected in the most burned areas (alluvial benches). Thus, our results suggest that land clearance was a major source of fire, but the current intact state of these rainforests indicates that they were largely resilient to fires and land use hundreds of years ago. Recent fires mirror patterns of fire spread that occurred hundreds of years ago, though their severity and extent is likely much greater.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2012View details →

Image 6 in First record of the Borneo Earless Monitor Lanthanotus borneensis (Steindachner, 1877) (Reptilia: Lanthanotidae) in West Kalimantan (Indonesian Borneo)

Image 6. Localities surveyed in Landak District of West Kalimantan overlaid with 2007 forest cover.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2012View details →

Image 2 in First record of the Borneo Earless Monitor Lanthanotus borneensis (Steindachner, 1877) (Reptilia: Lanthanotidae) in West Kalimantan (Indonesian Borneo)

Image 2. Image of rocky, forest habitat near the shallow stream bed where the specimen was found.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2009View details →

Fig. 5 in Rasbora Patrickyapi, A New Species Of Cyprinid Fish From Central Kalimantan, Borneo

Fig. 5. Type locality of Rasbora patrickyapi (March 2008).

Fig. 3 in Population size, demography and diet of the Siamese crocodile, Crocodylus siamensis (Schneider, 1801) in the Mesangat Swamp in Kalimantan, Indonesia

Fig. 3. Correlation between total Crocodylus siamensis sightings and moon index.

publicFeb 2022View details →

Palaeoecological data of KTG core, Katingan, Central Kalimantan, Borneo, Indonesia

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publicAug 2020View details →

Data from: Using a participatory impact assessment framework to evaluate a community-led mangrove and fisheries conservation approach in West Kalimantan, Indonesia

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