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133 results for “MCR LTER”
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Water Column: Nutrients, ongoing since 2005
This data package contains water chemistry measurements taken approximately bi-monthly at 3 stations on the north shore of Moorea, French Polynesia: Forereef, Lagoon, Fringing Reef. Nutrients are measured from water samples collected with Niskin bottles or Falcon tubes. For completeness, nutrient measurements are reported even when concentrations are below the detection limit of the method, which commonly occurs at this site. Sampling began in August, 2005 and is ongoing. This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE 16-37396 (and earlier awards) as well as a generous gift from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Research was completed under permits issued by the French Polynesian Government (Délégation à la Recherche) and the Haut-commissariat de la République en Polynésie Francaise (DTRT) (Protocole d'Accueil 2005-2018). This work represents a contribution of the Moorea Coral Reef (MCR) LTER Site.
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Benthic Water Temperature, ongoing since 2005
A continuous time series of benthic water temperature is measured with bottom-mounted thermistors at six sites around the shores of Moorea, on the fringing reef, backreef, and forereef. The forereef temperature is recorded with SBE 39s or SBE 56s at 10, 20, 30 and 40 m, starting between 2005 to 2007, except FOR00 starting in 2010. These are ongoing except the 40 m deployments were discontinued after August 2019. The backreef SBE 39s/56s are mounted on plates at 1 m depth at LTER 1 and at 2 m depth at the other five sites. Onset HOBOs are deployed on the fringing reef at one shallow 1 m depth and one deeper depth varying by site as follows: 6 m at LTER 1, 4 m at LTER 2, 7 m at LTER 3, 6 m at LTER 4, 3 m at LTER 5 and 4 m at LTER 6. The mounting plate is fixed to the reef and depths do not vary through time. These depths are not measured by the thermistors and should be considered categorical. Throughout the timeseries, temperature measurements have been taken every 2 minutes by SBE 39s and SBE 56s, and every 8 minutes by the Onset HOBOs. Prior to July 2021 temperature data were subjected to a low-pass filter to remove noise and temperature was resampled to a 20 minute time step. Beginning in July 2021 data are raw temperature values sampled every two minutes (SBE 39s and SBE 56s) or eight minutes (Onset HOBOs) depending on the instrument. This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE 22-24354 (and earlier awards) as well as a generous gift from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Research was completed under permits issued by the French Polynesian Government (Délégation à la Recherche) and the Haut-commissariat de la République en Polynésie Francaise (DTRT) (Protocole d'Accueil 2005-2023). This work represents a contribution of the Moorea Coral Reef (MCR) LTER Site.
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Water Column: Offshore Ocean Acidification: Water Profiles, CTD, and Chemistry from 2005 to 2012
This data package contains water chemistry measurements taken 2 to 4 times per year at a station 5 km offshore of the north shore of Moorea, French Polynesia. Measurements include standard CTD parameters, phosphate, silicate, total alkalinity (TA) and total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). Sampling began in August, 2005. All water samples were collected with Niskin Bottles. This data includes excerpts from CTD data were collected with a SBE19-Plus Seacat Profiler. CTD and bottle samples were taken on separate casts at each station. (For full CTD data refer to knb-lter-mcr.10.) All other parameters were calculated from temperature, pressure, nutrients, TA and DIC with CO2Sys programs available at: http://cdiac.ornl.gov/oceans/co2rprt.html (Lewis E. and D. Wallace Program Developed for CO2 System Calculations) using constants K1, K2 from Mehrbach et al, 1973 refit by Dickson and Millero, 1987, Dickson KHSO4, and the Seawater pH scale (mol/kg-SW). If users wish to use different constants and scales, they will need to recalculate using the emperically collected data (TA and DIC).
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Island-Wide Lagoon Benthic Water Temperature, ongoing since 2021
Beginning in August 2021, a continuous time series of benthic water temperature is measured with bottom-mounted thermistors (SBE 56s) at 49 sites around the lagoons of Moorea. The thermistor array consists of a backbone of 36 thermistors placed on the backreef approximately 200 m shoreward of the reef crest and spaced approximately 1 km apart. In addition, there are three cross-shore transects (one on each of the three sides of the island). Each cross-shore transect consists of five bottom-mounted thermistors spaced at 100 m intervals, starting at the reef crest and ending 400 m inshore. All thermistors are mounted on plates at ~ 1.5 m depth. Temperature measurements are taken every 2 minutes.
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Turbinaria CHN from a spatially explicit sampling campaign in lagoons of Moorea, French Polynesia
Nutrients are important for ecosystem structure and community dynamics. To quantify time-integrated patterns of nutrient regimes in tropical lagoon ecosystems, concentrations of nitrogen, hydrogen, and carbon were measured from tissues of the macroalga Turbinaria ornata collected in lagoons around Moorea, French Polynesia in 2016, 2017, and annually starting in 2019. These sampling periods initially corresponded with distinct seasonal shifts in rainfall and wave forcing and later focused on the rainy season. Results showed that N enrichment was highest nearshore in fringing reef habitats, as well as in bays and at reef passes.
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Water Column fDOM in lagoons of Moorea, French Polynesia
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a mixture of organic materials that are dissolved in water. DOM represents a significant fraction of carbon and nutrient stocks in seawater. To quantify the distribution and dynamics of organic matter in nearshore marine environments, fluorescent dissolved organic matter (fDOM; a subset of DOM that fluoresces under ultraviolet light) was quantified from water column samples collected in lagoons around Moorea, French Polynesia during May 2021, April 2022, and April 2023. fDOM components, such as humic-like compounds, as well as fDOM indices, such as the humification index, were measured using fluorometry (for more details refer to methods). Humification Index was higher in bays and fringing reef habitats, whereas Fluorescence Index and M:C ratio were higher further offshore at back reef sites.
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Estimates of component primary production and respiration, 2006-2015
Estimates of primary production and respiration of three representative components of the Moorea coral reef ecosystem were made yearly in a laboratory flume from 2006 through 2015. The components are: algal turf communities, the macroalga Sargassum pacificum, and the common branching coral Pocillopora verrucosa. Metabolism estimates were made using changes in dissolved oxygen over time in a flume in unidirectional flow at saturating irradiances and dark. Rates were normalized to projected (planar) surface area (all components) and biomass (algal turfs, Sargassum). This timeseries completed in 2015.
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Community Dynamics: Juvenile Coral Density from 2005, ongoing
These data describe the density (colonies per quadrat of 0.5 x 0.5 m size) of juvenile corals on the fringing reefs and outer reef (10 m depth) of Moorea. Beginning in 2005, surveys are completed annually at LTER 1 and 2 in the austral autumn (April-May). Addition event-motivated sampling began in 2011 with additional sites from the other two shores of Moorea surveyed and surveys at LTER 1 and 2 repeated in August; these surveys will likely continue for 1-2 years but will not become a maintained component of the annual sampling. The focus is on juvenile corals defined as individuals less than or equal to 40 mm diameter. These data include juvenile scleractinian corals and juvenile Millepora spp. (Class: Hydrozoa; Order Hydroida, Sub Order Anthomedusae, Family Milleporidae). These transects are co-located with annual photographic surveys and, therefore, broad community descriptors are also available.
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Sensor Network: Bottom-mounted CTD Data - GUMPR, 2006-2012
Physical oceanographic data from bottom-mounted instrumentation (Seabird 16+ CTD) were sampled year-round on Gump reef in Cooks Bay on Moorea, French Polynesia (GUMPR site). Sampling began in 2006 until early 2012. The CTD measured conductivity, temperature, pressure, from which density and salinity were calculated. Data were collected every 5 minutes, processed and reported every 20 minutes. The instrument is mounted 2 m above the bottom in 6 m of depth. These data streamed near real-time as part of the Digital Moorea project (no longer active.) Daily, weekly, monthly and yearly means were calculated for temperature, salinity, and density. This is a completed timeseries which ended early 2012. This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE 16-37396 (and earlier awards) as well as a generous gift from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Research was completed under permits issued by the French Polynesian Government (Délégation à la Recherche) and the Haut-commissariat de la République en Polynésie Francaise (DTRT) (Protocole d'Accueil 2005-2018). This work represents a contribution of the Moorea Coral Reef (MCR) LTER Site.
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Long-Term Coral Population and Community Dynamics: Annual Island Wide Coral Demography Survey 2011 ongoing
Demographic performance (recruitment, growth, and survival) are quantified annually for multiple individual colonies of the three most common genera (Acropora, Pocillopora, Porites) at both backreef and forereef sites. Each coral was tagged in 2011 and subsequently sampled again in 2012 to track colony growth and mortality dynamics. However, since 2013, investigators have transitioned to identifying coral through detailed mapping methodology and will continue to identify corals using this method in the subsequent years. The mapping system developed in 2013 provides data appropriate for detailed demographic study of coral on varying spatial scales around the island. This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE 16-37396 (and earlier awards) as well as a generous gift from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Research was completed under permits issued by the French Polynesian Government (Délégation à la Recherche) and the Haut-commissariat de la République en Polynésie Francaise (DTRT) (Protocole d'Accueil 2005-2022). This work represents a contribution of the Moorea Coral Reef (MCR) LTER Site.
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Coupled Natural-Human Systems: Survey of fish being sold on the roadside 2020-2021
This dataset includes the results of a survey on fish sold by the roadside in Moorea, French Polynesia. During 2020-2022, more than 7000 fish were identified and sized from photographs taken during the market surveys. These data were collected as part of CNH-L: Multiscale Dynamics of Coral Reef Fisheries: Feedbacks Between Fishing Practices, Livelihood Strategies, and Shifting Dominance of Coral and Algae (BCS-1714704) with additional support from the Moorea Coral Reef LTER (OCE- 1637396). This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE 22-24354 (and earlier awards) as well as a generous gift from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Research was completed under permits issued by the French Polynesian Government (Délégation à la Recherche) and the Haut-commissariat de la République en Polynésie Francaise (DTRT) (Protocole d'Accueil 2005-2023). This work represents a contribution of the Moorea Coral Reef (MCR) LTER Site.
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Optical parameters and SST from SeaWiFS and MODIS, ongoing since 1997 and AVHRR-derived SST from 1985 to 2009
Monthly averages of the Sea Surface Temperature (SST), the Sub-surface chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl), the colored dissolved and detrital organic materials at 443 nm (acdm[443]) and the particulate backscattering coefficient at 443 nm (bbp[443]) around Moorea are obtained or derived from satellite data (SST from AVHRR and MODIS-Aqua; Chl, acdm[443] and bbp[443] from SeaWiFS and MODIS-AQUA). The satellite data are averaged over a 1 month period for geographic areas of 16S-19S/147W-151W (SeaWiFS and MODIS-AQUA) and 15S-20S/145W-155W for AVHRR. This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE 16-37396 (and earlier awards) as well as a generous gift from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Research was completed under permits issued by the French Polynesian Government (Délégation à la Recherche) and the Haut-commissariat de la République en Polynésie Francaise (DTRT) (Protocole d'Accueil 2005-2022). This work represents a contribution of the Moorea Coral Reef (MCR) LTER Site.
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Computer Vision: Moorea Labeled Corals
The Moorea Labeled Corals dataset is a subset of the MCR LTER packaged for computer vision research. It contains 2055 images from three habitats IDs: fringing reef outer 10m and outer 17m, from 2008, 2009 and 2010. It also contains random point annotation (row, col, label) for the nine most abundant labels, four non coral labels: (1) Crustose Coralline Algae (CCA), (2) Turf algae, (3) Macroalgae and (4) Sand, and five coral genera: (5) Acropora, (6) Pavona, (7) Montipora, (8) Pocillopora, and (9) Porites. These nine classes account for 96% of the annotations and total to almost 400,000 points. These nine classes are the ones analyzed in (Beijbom, 2012); less-abundant genera not treated in the automation are also present in the dataset. These data were published in Beijbom O., Edmunds P.J., Kline D.I., Mitchell G.B., Kriegman D., 'Automated Annotation of Coral Reef Survey Images', IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), Providence, Rhode Island, 2012. [BibTex] [pdf] These data are a subset of the raw data from which knb-lter-mcr.4 is derived. This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE 16-37396 (and earlier awards) as well as a generous gift from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Research was completed under permits issued by the French Polynesian Government (Délégation à la Recherche) and the Haut-commissariat de la République en Polynésie Francaise (DTRT) (Protocole d'Accueil 2005-2018). This work represents a contribution of the Moorea Coral Reef (MCR) LTER Site.
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Porites growth, respiration, and photophysiology data in support of Edmunds 2012 Marine Biology, v159, 2149-2160
These data were generated from a one-time experiment in support of a coral ecophysiology manuscript; published in Marine Biology. Edmunds (2012) Marine Biology 159: 2149-2160 doi:10.1007/s00227-012-2001-y The hypothesis that was tested stated that high pCO2 (76.6 Pa and 87.2 Pa vs. 42.9 Pa) has no effect on the metabolism of juvenile massive Porites spp. after 11 days at 28 °C and 545 lmol quanta m-2 s-1. The response was assessed as aerobic dark respiration, skeletal weight (i.e., calcification), biomass, and chlorophyll fluorescence. Corals were collected from the shallow (3–4 m) back reef of Moorea, French Polynesia (17°28.6140 S, 149°48.9170 W), and experiments conducted during April and May 2011. An increase in pCO2 to 76.6 Pa had no effect on any dependent variable, but 87.2 Pa pCO2 reduced area-normalized (but not biomass-normalized) respiration 36 %, as well as maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) of open RCIIs and effective photochemical efficiency of RCIIs in actinic light (DF/Fm0 ); neither biomass, calcification, nor the energy expenditure coincident with calcification (J g-1) was effected. These results do not support the hypothesis that high pCO2 reduces coral calcification through increased metabolic costs and, instead, suggest that high pCO2 causes metabolic depression and photochemical impairment similar to that associated with bleaching. Evidence of a pCO2 threshold between 76.6 and 87.2 Pa for inhibitory effects on respiration and photochemistry deserves further attention as it might signal the presence of unpredictable effects of rising pCO2. This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE 16-37396 (and earlier awards) as well as a generous gift from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Research was completed under permits issued by the French Polynesian Government (Délégation à la Recherche) and the Haut-commissariat de la République en Polynésie Francaise (DTRT) (Protocole d'Accueil 2
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Coral size, temperature, and pCO2 data in support of Edmunds 2016 J Exp Biology
These coral size, temperature and pCO2 data support the publication Edmunds and Burgess, Size-dependent physiological responses of the branching coral Pocillopora verrucosa to elevated teperature and pCO2, J Exp Biology, 2016. Additional tank conditions data are provided. This study focuses on the response of a branching coral to high temperature and PCO2, and explores the implications for this response of metabolic scalingin a colonial modular design. For the manuscript published in the Journal of Experimental Biology (219, 3896-3906 doi:10.1242/jeb.146381), an incorrect Supplementary Information Table S1 was submitted for publication. A revised table has now been published and contains changes associated with correctly assigning conditions to treatment tanks and values averaged over the number of days that accurately reflects the duration of each trial. This correction does not affect the conclusions of the experimental work. The change only affects the data describing tank conditions in Trial 1 and 2.
MCR LTER: Coral Reefs: Coral recruitment to 25 m2 plots on the forereef surrounding Moorea, French Polynesia, 2011-2015
These data report the number of Pocilloporid, Acroporid and Poritiid corals recruiting annually to permanent 5 m X 5 m plots established at a depth of approximately 10 m on the forereef of Moorea, French Polynesia. Plots were established following an outbreak (2007-2010) of the corallivorous crown-of-thorns seastars (Acanthaster planci) and the close passage of Cyclone Oli to Moorea in February, 2010. These two perturbations resulted in a significant loss of live coral coral from the forereef on an island-wide scale (crown-of-thorns) and the loss of habitat structural complexity from forereef habitats on Moorea's north shore (Cyclone Oli). See Adam, T.C. et al. 2011 "Herbivory, connectivity and ecosystem resilience: response of a coral reef to a large-scale perturbation" PLoS One e23717 for a more complete description of the system, the nature and magnitudes of the perturbations and the short-term response by the coral community to the perturbations. Data were obtained by counting all Pocilloporid, Acroporid and Poritiid coral recruits < 3 cm in colony diameter observed within 25 5 m x 5 m plots established at four sites in a depth of approximately 10 m on the forereef of Moorea, French Polynesia. Two sites, Resilience 1 (R1) containing five 5 m x 5 m plots and Resilience 2 (R2) containing ten 5 m x 5 m plots were established along the north shore of the island. Two additional sites, Resilience 4 (R4) and Resilience 5 (R5), each containing five 5 m x 5 m plots were established on the southeast and southwest shores of the island, respectively. The locations of the plots are permanently marked using stainless steel eye-bolts cemented into the reef matrix so that counts of coral recruits can be made repeatedly within the same plots on an annual basis. This dataset, knb-lter-mcr.5023, is a subset of a larger dataset, knb-lter-mcr.7008, and has been produced in support of a manuscript submission. The parent dataset, knb-lter-mcr.7008, contains additional data on the numb
MCR LTER: Coral Reefs: Stegastes behavior data in support of Kamath, et al., Oikos 2019
Stable between-group differences in collective behavior have been documented in a variety of social taxa. Here we evaluate the effects of such variation, often termed collective or colony-level personality, on coral recovery in a tropical marine farmerfish system. Groups of the farmerfish Stegastes nigricans cultivate and defend gardens of palatable algae on coral reefs in the Indo-Pacific. These gardens can promote the recruitment, growth, and survival of corals by providing a refuge from coral predation. Here we experimentally evaluate whether the collective defensive behavior of farmerfish colonies is correlated across intruder feeding guilds—herbivores, corallivores and egg-eating predators. Further, we evaluate if overall colony responsiveness or situation-specific responsiveness (i.e., towards herbivores, corallivores, or egg-eaters in particular) best predicts the growth of outplanted corals. Finally, we experimentally manipulated communities within S. nigricans gardens, adding either macroalgae or large colonies of coral, to assess if farmerfish behavior changes in response to the communities they occupy. Between-group differences in collective responsiveness were repeatable across intruder guilds. Despite this consistency, responsiveness towards corallivores (porcupinefish and ornate butterflyfish) was a better predictor of outplanted coral growth than responsiveness towards herbivores or egg-eaters. Adding large corals to farmerfish gardens increased farmerfish attacks towards intruders, pointing to possible positive feedback loops between their aggression towards intruders and the presence of corals whose growth they facilitate. These data provide evidence that among-group behavioral variation could strongly influence the ecological properties of whole communities. These data support the publication Kamath, A., J. N. Pruitt, A.J. Brooks, M.C Ladd, D.T. Cook, J.P. Gallagher, M.E. Vickers, S.J. Holbrook and R.J. Schmitt. 2019. Potential feedback between cor
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Data in support of Edmunds 2018 Scientific Reports
These data are selected from the larger MCR LTER timeseries datasets knb-lter-mcr.4001 and knb-lter-mcr.4 which contain annual surveys of coral recruitment and coral cover and are formatted here in support of this publication: Edmunds, P.J., Implications of high rates of sexual recruitment in driving rapid reef recovery in Mo'orea, French Polynesia, Scientific Reports 8, Article number: 16615 (2018). DOI:10.1038/s41598-018-34686-z This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE 16-37396 (and earlier awards) as well as a generous gift from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Research was completed under permits issued by the French Polynesian Government (Délégation à la Recherche) and the Haut-commissariat de la République en Polynésie Francaise (DTRT) (Protocole d'Accueil 2005-2018). This work represents a contribution of the Moorea Coral Reef (MCR) LTER Site.
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Coral bleaching with nitrogen and heat stress: 2016 data in support of Donovan et al. submitted to PNAS
During 2016, maximum water temperature in the lagoons of Moorea exceeded a threshold for heat stress for 70 straight days from early February through mid-April. In early May 2016, at the peak of accumulated heat stress, coral bleaching surveys were conducted to test the hypothesis that bleaching prevalence and severity were correlated with differences in heat stress and nutrient availability. This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE 16-37396 (and earlier awards) as well as a generous gift from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Research was completed under permits issued by the French Polynesian Government (Délégation à la Recherche) and the Haut-commissariat de la République en Polynésie Francaise (DTRT) (Protocole d'Accueil 2005-2019). This work represents a contribution of the Moorea Coral Reef (MCR) LTER Site.
MCR LTER: Data from Duvall, Rosman and Hench, in review. Representation of coral reef roughness using obstacle and surface-based approaches, submitted to JGR: Oceans
This archive contains natural coral reef topography data from the northern coast of Mo’orea, French Polynesia. These data were used to compute reef roughness density using obstacle- and surface-based estimates and models, and to compare the two approaches for representing reef topography. Primary support for this product came from the National Science Foundation Physical Oceanography program (OCE-1435530 and OCE-1435133), and as well as Duke University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE 16-37396 (and earlier awards) as well as a generous gift from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Research was completed under permits issued by the French Polynesian Government (Délégation à la Recherche) and the Haut-commissariat de la République en Polynésie Francaise (DTRT) (Protocole d'Accueil 2005-2019). This work represents a contribution of the Moorea Coral Reef (MCR) LTER Site.
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