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82 results for “Macrocystis pyrifera”
Santa Barbara Coastal site, station Santa Cruz Island, Twin Harbor West, Santa Barbara Channel, study of plant cover of Macrocystis pyrifera in units of percent on a yearly timescale
The EcoTrends project was established in 2004 by Dr. Debra Peters (Jornada Basin LTER, USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range) and Dr. Ariel Lugo (Luquillo LTER, USDA-FS Luquillo Experimental Forest) to support the collection and analysis of long-term ecological datasets. The project is a large synthesis effort focused on improving the accessibility and use of long-term data. At present, there are ~50 state and federally funded research sites that are participating and contributing to the EcoTrends project, including all 26 Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites and sites funded by the USDA Agriculture Research Service (ARS), USDA Forest Service, US Department of Energy, US Geological Survey (USGS) and numerous universities. Data from the EcoTrends project are available through an exploratory web portal (http://www.ecotrends.info). This web portal enables the continuation of data compilation and accessibility by users through an interactive web application. Ongoing data compilation is updated through both manual and automatic processing as part of the LTER Provenance Aware Synthesis Tracking Architecture (PASTA). The web portal is a collaboration between the Jornada LTER and the LTER Network Office. The following dataset from Santa Barbara Coastal (SBC) contains plant cover of Macrocystis pyrifera measurements in percent units and were aggregated to a yearly timescale.
Santa Barbara Coastal site, station Santa Barbara Coastal LTER, study of plant biomass of Macrocystis pyrifera in units of gramsPerSquareMeter on a yearly timescale
The EcoTrends project was established in 2004 by Dr. Debra Peters (Jornada Basin LTER, USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range) and Dr. Ariel Lugo (Luquillo LTER, USDA-FS Luquillo Experimental Forest) to support the collection and analysis of long-term ecological datasets. The project is a large synthesis effort focused on improving the accessibility and use of long-term data. At present, there are ~50 state and federally funded research sites that are participating and contributing to the EcoTrends project, including all 26 Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites and sites funded by the USDA Agriculture Research Service (ARS), USDA Forest Service, US Department of Energy, US Geological Survey (USGS) and numerous universities. Data from the EcoTrends project are available through an exploratory web portal (http://www.ecotrends.info). This web portal enables the continuation of data compilation and accessibility by users through an interactive web application. Ongoing data compilation is updated through both manual and automatic processing as part of the LTER Provenance Aware Synthesis Tracking Architecture (PASTA). The web portal is a collaboration between the Jornada LTER and the LTER Network Office. The following dataset from Santa Barbara Coastal (SBC) contains plant biomass of Macrocystis pyrifera measurements in gramsPerSquareMeter units and were aggregated to a yearly timescale.
Santa Barbara Coastal site, station Santa Barbara Coastal LTER, study of plant density of Macrocystis pyrifera in units of numberPerMeterSquared on a yearly timescale
The EcoTrends project was established in 2004 by Dr. Debra Peters (Jornada Basin LTER, USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range) and Dr. Ariel Lugo (Luquillo LTER, USDA-FS Luquillo Experimental Forest) to support the collection and analysis of long-term ecological datasets. The project is a large synthesis effort focused on improving the accessibility and use of long-term data. At present, there are ~50 state and federally funded research sites that are participating and contributing to the EcoTrends project, including all 26 Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites and sites funded by the USDA Agriculture Research Service (ARS), USDA Forest Service, US Department of Energy, US Geological Survey (USGS) and numerous universities. Data from the EcoTrends project are available through an exploratory web portal (http://www.ecotrends.info). This web portal enables the continuation of data compilation and accessibility by users through an interactive web application. Ongoing data compilation is updated through both manual and automatic processing as part of the LTER Provenance Aware Synthesis Tracking Architecture (PASTA). The web portal is a collaboration between the Jornada LTER and the LTER Network Office. The following dataset from Santa Barbara Coastal (SBC) contains plant density of Macrocystis pyrifera measurements in numberPerMeterSquared units and were aggregated to a yearly timescale.
Santa Barbara Coastal site, station Santa Barbara Coastal LTER, study of net primary productivity of Macrocystis pyrifera in units of gramsPerMeterSquaredPerYear on a yearly timescale
The EcoTrends project was established in 2004 by Dr. Debra Peters (Jornada Basin LTER, USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range) and Dr. Ariel Lugo (Luquillo LTER, USDA-FS Luquillo Experimental Forest) to support the collection and analysis of long-term ecological datasets. The project is a large synthesis effort focused on improving the accessibility and use of long-term data. At present, there are ~50 state and federally funded research sites that are participating and contributing to the EcoTrends project, including all 26 Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites and sites funded by the USDA Agriculture Research Service (ARS), USDA Forest Service, US Department of Energy, US Geological Survey (USGS) and numerous universities. Data from the EcoTrends project are available through an exploratory web portal (http://www.ecotrends.info). This web portal enables the continuation of data compilation and accessibility by users through an interactive web application. Ongoing data compilation is updated through both manual and automatic processing as part of the LTER Provenance Aware Synthesis Tracking Architecture (PASTA). The web portal is a collaboration between the Jornada LTER and the LTER Network Office. The following dataset from Santa Barbara Coastal (SBC) contains net primary productivity of Macrocystis pyrifera measurements in gramsPerMeterSquaredPerYear units and were aggregated to a yearly timescale.
Data from: Looking into the black box: simulating the role of self-fertilization and mortality in the genetic structure of Macrocystis pyrifera
Patterns of spatial genetic structure (SGS), typically estimated by genotyping adults, integrate migration over multiple generations and measure the effective gene flow of populations. SGS results can be compared with direct ecological studies of dispersal or mating system to gain additional insights. When mismatches occur, simulations can be used to illuminate the causes of these mismatches. Here we report a SGS and simulation-based study of self-fertilization in Macrocystis pyrifera, the giant kelp. We found that SGS is weaker than expected in M. pyrifera, and used computer simulations to identify selfing and early mortality rates for which the individual heterozygosity distribution fits that of the observed data. Only one (of three) population showed both elevated kinship in the smallest distance class and a significant negative slope between kinship and geographic distance. All simulations had poor fit to the observed data unless mortality due to inbreeding depression was imposed. This mortality could only be imposed for selfing, as these were the only simulations to show an excess of homozygous individuals relative to the observed data. Thus, the expected data consistently achieved non-significant differences from the observed data only under models of selfing with mortality, with best fits between 32-42% selfing. Inbreeding depression ranged from 0.70-0.73. The results suggest that density-dependent mortality of early life stages is a significant force in structuring Macrocystis populations, with few highly-homozygous individuals surviving. The success of these results should help to validate simulation approaches even in data-poor systems, as a means to estimate otherwise difficult-to-measure life-cycle parameters.
Data from: Seascape drivers of Macrocystis pyrifera population genetic structure in the northeast Pacific
At small spatial and temporal scales, genetic differentiation is largely controlled by constraints on gene flow, while genetic diversity across a species' distribution is shaped on longer temporal and spatial scales. We assess the hypothesis that oceanographic transport and other seascape features explain different scales of genetic structure of giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera. We followed a hierarchical approach to perform a microsatellite-based analysis of genetic differentiation in Macrocystis across its distribution in the northeast Pacific. We used seascape genetic approaches to identify large-scale biogeographic population clusters and investigate whether they could be explained by oceanographic transport and other environmental drivers. We then modelled population genetic differentiation within clusters as a function of oceanographic transport and other environmental factors. Five geographic clusters were identified: Alaska/Canada, central California, continental Santa Barbara, California Channel Islands and mainland southern California/Baja California peninsula. The strongest break occurred between central and southern California, with mainland Santa Barbara sites forming a transition zone between the two. Breaks between clusters corresponded approximately to previously identified biogeographic breaks, but were not solely explained by oceanographic transport. An isolation-by-environment (IBE) pattern was observed where the northern and southern Channel Islands clustered together, but not with closer mainland sites, despite the greater distance between them. The strongest environmental association with this IBE pattern was observed with light extinction coefficient, which extends suitable habitat to deeper areas. Within clusters, we found support for previous results showing that oceanographic connectivity plays an important role in the population genetic structure of Macrocystis in the Northern hemisphere.
A species distribution model of the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera: Worldwide changes and a focus on the Southeast Pacific
<p>Worldwide climate-driven shifts in the distribution of species is of special concern when it involves habitat-forming species. In the coastal environment, large Laminarian algae—kelps—form key coastal ecosystems that support complex and diverse food webs. Among kelps, <em>Macrocystis pyrifera</em> is the most widely distributed habitat-formingspecies and provides essential ecosystem services. This study aimed to establish the main drivers of future distributional changes on a global scale and use them to predict future habitat suitability. Using species distribution models (SDM), we examined the changes in global distribution of <em>M. pyrifera</em> under different emission scenarios with a focus on the Southeast Pacific shores. To constrain the drivers of our simulations to the most important factors controlling kelp forest distribution across spatial scales, we explored a suite of environmental variables and validated the predictions derived from the SDMs. Minimum sea surface temperature was the single most important variable explaining the global distribution of suitable habitat for <em>M. pyrifera</em>. Under different climate change scenarios, we always observed a decrease of suitable habitat at low latitudes, while an increase was detected in other regions, mostly at high latitudes. Along the Southeast Pacific, we observed an upper range contraction of −17.08° S of latitude for 2090–2100 under the RCP8.5 scenario, implying a loss of habitat suitability throughout the coast of Peru and poleward to −27.83° S in Chile. Along the area of Northern Chile where a complete habitat loss is predicted by our model, natural stands are under heavy exploitation. The loss of habitat suitability will take place worldwide: Significant impacts on marine biodiversity and ecosystem functioning are likely. Furthermore, changes in habitat suitability are a harbinger of massive impacts in the socio-ecological systems of the Southeast Pacific.</p>
Figure 23 in Amphipod crustaceans (Corophiidea and Gammaridea) associated with holdfasts of Macrocystis pyrifera from the Beagle Channel (Argentina) and additional records from the Southwestern Atlantic
Figure 23. Ensayara gappai sp. nov. Holotype, ovigerous female: (A) lateral view; (B) head; (C, D) antennae 1, 2; (E) upper lip; (F, G) right and left mandibles; (H) mandibular palp. Scale bars: a: (A) 1 mm; b: (B) 0.2 mm; c: (C, D), d: (E–H) 0.1 mm.
Figure 21 in Amphipod crustaceans (Corophiidea and Gammaridea) associated with holdfasts of Macrocystis pyrifera from the Beagle Channel (Argentina) and additional records from the Southwestern Atlantic
Figure 21. Erikus lovrichi sp. nov. Paratype, male 13 mm: (A) lateral view; (B) antenna 1; (C) callynophore; (D) antenna 2; (E) antenna 2 peduncle. Scale bars: a: (A) 3 mm; b: (B, D) 0.5 mm; c: (C), d: (E) 0.2 mm.
Figure 19 in Amphipod crustaceans (Corophiidea and Gammaridea) associated with holdfasts of Macrocystis pyrifera from the Beagle Channel (Argentina) and additional records from the Southwestern Atlantic
Figure 19. Erikus lovrichi sp. nov. Holotype, ovigerous female: (A) gnathopod 2; (B, C) gnathopod 2 palms; (D) peraeopod 3; (E) peraeopod 3 coxa ventrodistal margin; (F) peraeopod 3 dactyluds; (G–J) peraeopods 4–7. Scale bars: a: (A, D, G–J) 0.5 mm; b: (B, C) 0.1 mm; c: (E, F) 0.2 mm.
Figure 25 in Amphipod crustaceans (Corophiidea and Gammaridea) associated with holdfasts of Macrocystis pyrifera from the Beagle Channel (Argentina) and additional records from the Southwestern Atlantic
Figure 25. Ensayara gappai sp. nov. Holotype, ovigerous female: (A) gnathopod 2; (B) gnathopod 2 propodus; (C) peraeopod 3; (D) peraeopod 3 propodus; (E, F) peraeopods 4, 5. Scale bars: a: (A, C, F), c: (E) 0.2 mm; b: (B, D) 0.1 mm.
Figure 17 in Amphipod crustaceans (Corophiidea and Gammaridea) associated with holdfasts of Macrocystis pyrifera from the Beagle Channel (Argentina) and additional records from the Southwestern Atlantic
Figure 17. Erikus lovrichi sp. nov. Holotype, ovigerous female: (A) antenna 1; (B) antenna 1 peduncle; (C) antenna 1 peduncle article 1; (D) antenna 2; (E) epistome; (F) right mandible; (G) left lacinia mobilis; (H) right setal row; (I, J) right and left mandibular palp. Scale bars: a: (A, D) 0.5 mm; b: (B), e: (F) 0.2 mm; c: (C), d: (E, G–J) 0.1 mm.
Figure 33 in Amphipod crustaceans (Corophiidea and Gammaridea) associated with holdfasts of Macrocystis pyrifera from the Beagle Channel (Argentina) and additional records from the Southwestern Atlantic
Figure 33. Heterophoxus despard sp. nov. Holotype, ovigerous female: (A–C) peraeopods 5–7; (D) pleopod 3; (E) epimera 1–3. Scale bars: a: (A, C, D), b: (B), c: (E) 0.2 mm.
Figure 28 in Amphipod crustaceans (Corophiidea and Gammaridea) associated with holdfasts of Macrocystis pyrifera from the Beagle Channel (Argentina) and additional records from the Southwestern Atlantic
Figure 28. Lysianopsis ona sp. nov. Holotype, ovigerous female: (A) lower lip; (B) maxilla 1; (C) maxilla 1 outer plate; (D) maxilla 2; (E) maxilliped; (F) gnathopod 1; (G) gnathopod 1 dactylus; (H) gnathopod 2; (I) gnathopod 2 propodus. Scale bars: a: (A, B, D, E, I), d: (G) 0.1 mm; b: (C) 0.025 mm; c: (F), e: (H) 0.2 mm.
Figure 6 in Amphipod crustaceans (Corophiidea and Gammaridea) associated with holdfasts of Macrocystis pyrifera from the Beagle Channel (Argentina) and additional records from the Southwestern Atlantic
Figure 6. Ventojassa beagle sp. nov. Holotype, ovigerous female: (A) head; (B) antenna 2; (C) antenna 2 last article; (D) upper lip; (E) epistome; (F, G) right and left mandibles. Scale bars: a: (A, B) 0.2 mm; b: (C) 0.05 mm; c: (D–G) 0.025 mm.
Figure 1 in Amphipod crustaceans (Corophiidea and Gammaridea) associated with holdfasts of Macrocystis pyrifera from the Beagle Channel (Argentina) and additional records from the Southwestern Atlantic
Figure 1. Aora parda sp. nov. Holotype, male: (A) head; (B) upper lip; (C, D) right and left mandibles; (E) mandibular palp; (F) lower lip; (G, H) maxillae 1, 2. Scale bars: a: (A) 0.2 mm; b: (B–H) 0.1 mm.
Figure 7 in Amphipod crustaceans (Corophiidea and Gammaridea) associated with holdfasts of Macrocystis pyrifera from the Beagle Channel (Argentina) and additional records from the Southwestern Atlantic
Figure 7. Ventojassa beagle sp. nov. Holotype, ovigerous female: (A) mandibular palp; (B) lower lip; (C) maxilla 1; (D) maxilla 1 palp; (E) maxilla 2; (F) maxilliped; (G, H) maxilliped inner and outer plates; (I) maxilliped dactylus. Scale bars: a: (A, C, E, G–I), b: (B), c: (D) 0.025 mm; d: (F) 0.05 mm.
Figure 10 in Amphipod crustaceans (Corophiidea and Gammaridea) associated with holdfasts of Macrocystis pyrifera from the Beagle Channel (Argentina) and additional records from the Southwestern Atlantic
Figure 10. Ventojassa beagle sp. nov. Holotype, ovigerous female: (A, B) uropods 2, 3; (C) uropod 3 rami; (D) telson. Paratype, ovigerous female 3.6 mm: (E) lateral view. Paratype, ovigerous female 4 mm: (F) antenna 1; (G) antenna 1 flagellum. Scale bars: a: (A, B, G) 0.05 mm; b: (C), c: (D) 0.025 mm; d: (E) 1 mm; e: (F) 0.2 mm.
Figure 13 in Amphipod crustaceans (Corophiidea and Gammaridea) associated with holdfasts of Macrocystis pyrifera from the Beagle Channel (Argentina) and additional records from the Southwestern Atlantic
Figure 13. Oradarea surera sp. nov. Holotype, ovigerous female: (A) mandibular palp; (B) lower lip; (C, D) maxillae 1, 2; (E) maxilliped; (F) gnathopod 1; (G) gnathopod 1 palm. Scale bars: a: (A, C–E), b: (B), d: (G) 0.1 mm; c: (F) 0.2 mm.
Figure 5 in Amphipod crustaceans (Corophiidea and Gammaridea) associated with holdfasts of Macrocystis pyrifera from the Beagle Channel (Argentina) and additional records from the Southwestern Atlantic
Figure 5. Aora parda sp. nov. Paratype, ovigerous female 8 mm: (A) gnathopod 1; (B) gnathopod 1 dactylus; (C) gnathopod 2; (D) gnathopod 2 dactylus. Scale bars: a: (A, C) 0.2 mm; b: (B, D) 0.05 mm.
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