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55 results for “Meerkats”
Data from: Dispersal-induced social stress prolongs gestation in wild meerkats
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Data from: No apparent benefits of allonursing for recipient offspring and mothers in the cooperatively breeding meerkat
1. Cooperative behaviours by definition are those that provide some benefit to another individual. Allonursing, the nursing of non-descendent young, is often considered a cooperative behaviour and is assumed to provide benefits to recipient offspring in terms of growth and survival, and to their mothers, by enabling them to share the lactation load. However, these proposed benefits are not well understood, in part because maternal and litter traits and other ecological and social variables are not independent of one another, making patterns hard to discern using standard univariate analyses. 2. Here, we investigate the potential benefits of allonursing in the cooperatively breeding Kalahari meerkat, where socially subordinate females allonurse the young of a dominant pair without having young of their own. 3. We use structural equation modelling to allow us to account for the interdependence of maternal traits, litter traits and environmental factors. 4. We find no evidence that allonursing provides benefits to pups or mothers. Pups that received allonursing were not heavier at emergence and did not have a higher survival rate than pups that did not receive allonursing. Mothers whose litters were allonursed were not in better physical condition, did not reconceive faster and did not reduce their own nursing investment compared to mothers who nursed their litters alone. These patterns were not significantly influenced by whether mothers were in relatively good, or poor, condition. 5. We suggest that allonursing may persist in this species because the costs to allonurses may be low. Alternatively, allonursing may confer other, more cryptic, benefits to pups or allonurses, such as immunological or social benefits.
Decline and Fall: the causes of group failure in cooperatively breeding meerkats
In many social vertebrates, variation in group persistence exerts an important effect on individual fitness and population demography. However, few studies have been able to investigate the failure of groups or the causes of the variation in their longevity. We use data from a long-term study of cooperatively breeding meerkats, Suricata suricatta, to investigate the different causes of group failure and the factors that drive these processes. Many newly formed groups failed within a year of formation and smaller groups were more likely to fail due to collapse. Groups that breed successfully and increase their size, could persist for several years, even decades. For long lived groups, the principal cause of failure for was infection with tuberculosis, Mycobacterium suricattae, a fatal disease that commonly spread throughout the group and killing group members. Infection risk was higher in groups with mobile individuals, that were small or experienced immigration.
The TRAPUM Large Magellanic Cloud pulsar survey with MeerKAT I: Survey setup and first seven pulsar discoveries (Archive files)
<p>PSRCHIVE archive files of the seven new LMC radio pulsars as described in the paper <em>The TRAPUM Large Magellanic Cloud pulsar survey with MeerKAT I: Survey setup and first seven pulsar discoveries </em>(Prayag et al. 2024).</p>
Data from: Social conflict and costs of cooperation in meerkats are reflected in measures of stress hormones
Measures of glucocorticoid stress hormones (e.g. cortisol) have often been used to characterize conflict between subordinates and dominants. In cooperative breeders where subordinates seldom breed in their natal group and assist in offspring rearing, increases in subordinate glucocorticoid levels may be caused by conflict among subordinates as well as by the energetic costs of helping behavior and fluctuations in food availability may exacerbate these effects. During a 6-year study of Kalahari meerkats (Suricata suricatta), we investigated how social, environmental, and individual characteristics influenced subordinate plasma cortisol levels. Subordinate females, who are often the target of aggression from dominant females, had higher cortisol levels when the dominant female in their group was pregnant while the cortisol levels of subordinate males were unaffected by the reproductive state of dominant females. Subordinates of both sexes had higher cortisol levels if they belonged to groups 1) where neither of the dominant breeders in the group were their parents, 2) that contained a high proportion of subordinate females, or 3) that were either very large or very small, especially when the weather was cold and dry. Subordinates in groups containing young pups had higher cortisol levels. Finally, cortisol levels were higher in subordinates of both sexes if they were lighter for their age or had lost little body mass the night prior to sampling. Our results show that both social conflict and cooperative behavior can elevate glucocorticoid levels in subordinates and that both effects can be modified by variation in weather and food availability.
AGN Feedback in the Survey era: Insights into large samples of Clusters and Groups through LOFAR, MeerKAT and eROSITA
<p>In the last two decades, significant improvements have been made in the understanding of how AGN feedback operates in galaxy clusters. However, the vast majority of these studies involved observations of small samples, mostly lying in the high mass (M> 5 x 10^14 Msun) regime. We will present recent works in which we make use of survey observations performed by VLA, LOFAR and MeerKAT in the radio band, as well as eROSITA, Chandra and XMM-Newton in the X-rays, to investigate AGN feedback on the macro scale in large (N>200) samples of galaxy clusters and groups, down to masses of 2 x 10^13 Msun. We find a close relation between the X-ray emission -estimated within the whole cluster/group extent- and the radio emission produced by the central AGN. Statistical tests show that this correlation is not dominated by biases or selection effects. After converting the radio power into kinetic luminosity, we find an even tighter relation which seemingly exists for both disturbed and relaxed objects. Exploiting a subsample composed by COSMOS spectroscopic galaxy members, we find that Brightest Cluster Galaxies hosting strong AGN radio emission always lie within 0.2 virial radii from the cluster centre, and that there is an higher probability of stronger AGN being hosted in more massive systems. All these observations support the picture of a strong connection between the ICM and radio galaxies hosted in BCGs, which is also predicted by Chaotic Cold Accretion (CCA) models.</p>
Data from: Drought decreases cooperative sentinel behaviour and affects vocal coordination in meerkats
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Data from: Social conflict and costs of cooperation in meerkats are reflected in measures of stress hormones
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Data from: Validation of a fecal glucocorticoid assay to assess adrenocortical activity in meerkats using physiological and biological stimuli
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Decline and Fall: the causes of group failure in cooperatively breeding meerkats
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Data from: No apparent benefits of allonursing for recipient offspring and mothers in the cooperatively breeding meerkat
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Data from: Group cohesion in foraging meerkats: follow the moving ‘vocal hot spot’
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Data from: The influence of stress hormones and aggression on cooperative behaviour in subordinate meerkats
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A female-biased gene expression signature of dominance in cooperatively breeding meerkats
GEO Series GSE247525. Suricata suricatta. 740 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
25 new long-term variables in the GX 339-4 field: two years of MeerKAT monitoring
<p>These are the radio light curves for the 25 new long-term variable sources found in weekly ThunderKAT monitoring of the low-mass X-ray binary GX 339-4 with MeerKAT. These data are part of a publication submitted to Monthly Notices for the Royal Astronomical Society (Driessen et al., submitted) and part of Laura's Driessen PhD thesis (the jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, the University of Manchester, UK).</p> <p>The observations are MeerKAT L-band observations. Each epoch is approximately 10-15 minutes long, these are the first two years of weekly monitoring, from September 2018 to the end of August 2020. The light curves have been extracted from the images using the <a href="https://tkp.readthedocs.io/en/latest/introduction.html">LOFAR Transients Pipeline (TraP)</a>.</p> <p>Each file contains the information for a single source. The files are formatted with columns as follows:</p> <ul> <li>mjd: the modified Julian Date (MJD) of the observation. The MJD is given by MJD=JD-2400000.5 where JD is the Julian Date</li> <li>f_int_median_scaled_Jy: the flux density of the source in Jansky (Jy) determined by the LOFAR TraP, after the systematic correction model has been applied (see Driessen et al. 2021)</li> <li>f_int_median_scaled_err_Jy: the uncertainty on f_int_median_scaled_Jy in Jansky determined by the LOFAR TraP, after the systematic correction model has been applied (see Driessen et al. 2021)</li> <li>freq_eff_Hz: the effect frequency in Hertz (Hz)</li> <li>median_scaled_eta: the chi squared variability parameter for the source in the specified frequency band/subband. This parameter is defined in Driessen et al. 2021, Swinbank et al. 2015 and on the <a href="https://tkp.readthedocs.io/en/latest/introduction.html">LOFAR TraP website</a></li> <li>median_scaled_V: the modulation variability parameter for the source in the specified frequency band/subband. This parameter is defined in Driessen et al. 2021, Swinbank et al. 2015 and on the <a href="https://tkp.readthedocs.io/en/latest/introduction.html">LOFAR TraP website</a></li> <li>name: this is the name of the source as defined in Driessen et al. 2021</li> <li>subband: this file contains the light curve of the source from multi-frequency synthesis (MFS) imaging of the full MeerKAT L-band (from 856 to 1712 MHz) epochs, plus 8 subband images with central frequencies: 909, 1016, 1123, 1230, 1337, 1444, 1551 and 1658 MHz. This column shows which subband or MFS the values in the row are from</li> </ul> <p>The files were made using the Pandas package, so we recommend Python users load them using </p> <pre><code class="language-python">import pandas as pd pd.read_csv(filename, comment='#') </code></pre> <p>If you use the data shared here please ensure that you cite the MNRAS paper (Driessen at al. submitted) and the Zenodo DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5069119.</p> <p> </p> <p>The MeerKAT telescope is operated by the South African Radio Astronomy Observatory, which is a facility of the National Research Foundation, an agency of the Department of Science and Innovation.<br> LND acknowledges support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 694745).</p>
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