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60 results for “Metapopulation dynamics”
Data from: Metapopulation dynamics of the mistletoe and its host in savanna areas with different fire occurrence
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Data from: Water level fluctuations and metapopulation dynamics as drivers of genetic diversity in populations of three Tanganyikan cichlid fish species
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Data from: Intercolony movement of pre-breeding seabirds over oceanic scales: implications of cryptic age-classes for conservation and metapopulation dynamics
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Data from: Increasing frequency of low summer precipitation synchronizes dynamics and compromises metapopulation stability in the Glanville fritillary butterfly
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Data from: Metapopulation dynamics of species with cryptic life stages
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Spatial structure and dispersal dynamics in a house sparrow metapopulation
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Data: Using environmental DNA and occupancy modeling to estimate rangewide metapopulation dynamics
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Larval A. bishopi microsatellite data from: Metapopulation genetics of endangered reticulated flatwoods salamanders (Ambystoma bishopi) in a dynamic and fragmented landscape
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Data from: Variability in primary productivity determines metapopulation dynamics
Temporal variability in primary productivity can change habitat quality for consumer species by affecting the energy levels available as food resources. However, it remains unclear how habitat quality fluctuations may determine the dynamics of spatially structured populations, where the effects of habitat size, quality, and isolation have been customarily assessed assuming static habitats. We present the first empirical evaluation on the effects of stochastic fluctuations in primary productivity —a major outcome of ecosystem functions— on the metapopulation dynamics of a primary consumer. A unique 13-year dataset from an herbivore rodent was used to test the hypothesis that inter-annual variations in primary productivity determine habitat occupancy patterns and colonization and extinction processes. Inter-annual variability in productivity and in the growing season phenology significantly influenced habitat colonization patterns and occupancy dynamics. These effects lead to changes in connectivity to other potentially occupied habitat patches, which then feedback into occupancy dynamics. According to the results, the dynamics of primary productivity accounted for > 50% of the variation in occupancy probability, depending on patch size and landscape configuration. Evidence connecting primary productivity dynamics and spatial population processes has broad implications for metapopulation persistence in fluctuating and changing environments.
Data from: Persistence of an extinction-prone predator-prey interaction through metapopulation dynamics
In theory, predator-prey pairs with extinction-prone local populations can persist through metapopulation dynamics, wherein local populations fluctuate asynchronously, occasionally providing dispersers that prevent permanent extinction in all patches. A few studies have shown that spatial structure can extend predator-prey persistence. However, no studies have unequivocally demonstrated the asynchrony among patches, low dispersal rates, and rescue effects that prove metapopulation dynamics extend persistence. We used a protist predator-prey pair to show that spatial subdivision lengthens persistence through metapopulation dynamics. The pair comprised the predaceous ciliate, Didinium nasutum, feeding on the bacterivorous ciliate, Colpidium cf. striatum. A replicated experiment assessed how habitat subdivision affects persistence. Undivided habitats were of four volumes: 30, 180, 270, and 750 mt. Subdivided microcosms, or ''arrays,'' were groups of nine or 25 linked 30-mL bottles (270 or 750 mt total volume). In arrays, predators and prey persisted for 130 d (602 prey and 437 predator generations), at which point the experiment ended. Predators went extinct in undivided microcosms of equivalent volumes within a mean of only 70 d. Predators persisted for a mean of just 19 d in isolated 30-mL bottles (equivalent to isolated patches of arrays). In a separate experiment, prey were driven extinct in four of 15 isolated 30-mL bottles, and persistence times of predators were broadly similar. We documented the following hallmarks of metapopulation dynamics: (1) asynchronous fluctuations in different subpopulations; (2) frequent local prey extinctions and recolonizations; (3) persistence of protists in arrays, despite extinction of isolated local populations; and (4) rescue effects in predator populations. Other experiments measured dispersal rates and the effects on local dynamics of immigrant predators and prey, and initial predator : prey ratios. Only a small fraction of protists dispersed within a generation, consistent with metapopulation dynamics. Immigration of predators increased the frequency of local extinctions of prey, and immigration of prey increased the persistence of both predators and prey. Higher initial predator:prey ratios decreased the persistence of prey in undivided volumes. Although the pair persisted regionally in arrays, data indicated that local extinctions of prey were common. In array patches, predator:prey ratios were higher and predator-prey cycles were shorter than in undivided volumes. Dispersal made local dynamics more prone to extinction, yet promoted regional persistence because the risk of extinction of distant subpopulations became independent.
Data from: 28 year temporal sequence of epidemic dynamics in a natural rust – host plant metapopulation
A long-term study of disease dynamics caused by the rust Uromyces valerianae in 31 discrete populations of Valeriana salina provides a rare opportunity to explore extended temporal patterns in the epidemiology of a natural host-pathogen metapopulation. Over a 28-year period, pathogen population dynamics varied across the metapopulation with disease incidence (presence/absence), prevalence (% plants infected) and severity (% leaf area covered by lesions) all showing strong population and year effects, indicative of heterogeneity among years and host populations in the suitability of conditions for the pathogen. Disease incidence within individual host populations was significantly affected by host population size, disease prevalence the previous year and the proximity of neighbouring populations infected in the current year. After accounting for these variables there was still a marked temporal component with winter sea level having a significant effect; as did summer rainfall in the second part of the study period (1997-2011). Disease prevalence was also effected by host population size and disease prevalence in the previous year. However, it was less affected by spatial aspects of disease spread than was disease incidence. Winter sea level and June rainfall significantly affected disease prevalence. Assessment of disease impact on plant performance found strong variation in disease severity associated with the aspect and positioning of host populations. Plants growing in lower disease environments produced significantly more seeds than those growing in high disease sites. Significant variation in reaction to infection by U. valerianae was detected among plants within four populations and between these different populations. Synthesis. The epidemiology of U. valerianae was highly influenced by host population size, previous disease and distance. After accounting for these factors, there was a clear temporal signal of change in disease incidence linked to winter sea level and summer rainfall. These patterns reinforce the importance of considering interactions in multiple populations over long periods of time in order to obtain a clear picture of the variability of disease-induced selection pressures across time and space. The behaviour of the pathogen fitted that predicted for a metapopulation with considerable asynchrony in epidemiological patterns among demes.
Network topology and patch connectivity affect dynamics in experimental and model metapopulations
<p>Biological populations are rarely isolated in space and instead interact with others via dispersal in metapopulations. Theory predicts that network connectivity patterns can have critical effects on network robustness, as certain topologies, such as scale-free networks, are more tolerant to disturbances than other patterns. However, at present, experimental evidence of how these topologies affect population dynamics in a metapopulation framework is lacking. We used experimental metapopulations of the aquatic protist <i>Paramecium tetraurelia</i> to determine how network topology influences occupation patterns. We created metapopulations engineered to be comparable in linkage density, but differing in their degree distribution. We compared random networks to scale-free networks by evaluating local population occupancy and abundance throughout 18-30 protist generations. In parallel, we used simulations to explore differences in patch occupation patterns among topologies. Under one scenario, random metapopulations of P. tetraurelia reached higher abundance and higher occupancy (proportion of occupied patches) compared to scale-free systems in both experimental and simulated systems, while in the other both types of metapopulations performed similarly. Increasing patch degree (i.e., number of connections per patch) reduced the probability of extinction of local populations in both types of networks. We suggest the interaction between colonization/extinction rates and network topology alters the likelihood of rescue effects which results in differential patterns of occupancy and abundance in metapopulations.</p>
Data from: Spatial and spatiotemporal variation in metapopulation structure affects population dynamics in a passively dispersing arthropod
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Data from: Host-pathogen metapopulation dynamics suggest high elevation refugia for boreal toads
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Data from: Human-facilitated metapopulation dynamics in an emerging pest species, Cimex lectularius
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Data from: Persistence of an extinction-prone predator-prey interaction through metapopulation dynamics
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Network topology and patch connectivity affect dynamics in experimental and model metapopulations
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Data from: Variability in dispersal syndromes is a key driver of metapopulation dynamics in experimental microcosms
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Data from: 28 year temporal sequence of epidemic dynamics in a natural rust – host plant metapopulation
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Data from: Variability in primary productivity determines metapopulation dynamics
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
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DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
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