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FIGURE 2. Lamyronema horizonensis n. gen. n in One new genus and five new nematode species (Monhysterida, Xyalidae) from Tonga and Kermadec Trenches, Southwest Pacific

FIGURE 2. Lamyronema horizonensis n. gen. n. sp. Male holotype. A: Lateral surface view of head region; B & C: lateral view of anterior body region; D: lateral view of posterior body region; E entire male. Scale bar: A & D = 50 µm; B = 55 µm; C = 70 µm; E = 190 µm.

FIGURE 2 in Paragnomoxyala gen. nov. (Xyalidae, Monhysterida, Nematoda) from the East China Sea

FIGURE 2. Paragnomoxyala breviseta sp. nov. (A) lateral view of male pharyngeal region, showing buccal cavity, cephalic setae and amphidial fovea; (B) lateral view of female anterior end; (C) entire view of female body, showing ovary, eggs and vulva; (D) lateral view of male posterior end, showing spicule and tail; (E) lateral view of male cloacal region, showing spicule; (F) dorsal view of male anterior end, showing buccal cavity, cephalic setae and amphidial fovea.

FIGURE 3 in Paragnomoxyala gen. nov. (Xyalidae, Monhysterida, Nematoda) from the East China Sea

FIGURE 3. Paragnomoxyala breviseta sp. nov. (A) lateral view of female anterior end, showing buccal cavity and cephalic setae; (B) dorsal view of male anterior end, showing amphidial fovea; (C) lateral view of male posterior end; (D) lateral view of

FIGURE 5 in Rhynchonema dighaensis sp. nov. (Monhysterida: Xyalidae): a marine nematode from the Indian coast with an illustrated guide and modified key for species of Rhynchonema Cobb, 1920

FIGURE 5. Pictorial guide of currently recognized species of Rhynchonema: amakusanum, ambianorum, brevituba, cemae, ceramotos (spicule with gubernaculum ventral view separately), chiloense, cinctum, collare and deconincki.

FIGURE 3 in Rhynchonema dighaensis sp. nov. (Monhysterida: Xyalidae): a marine nematode from the Indian coast with an illustrated guide and modified key for species of Rhynchonema Cobb, 1920

FIGURE 3. Habitus of A) Holotype male, B) Allotype female. Arrows indicate the changes in orientation of body annules, C) Buccal cavity and position of amphid in holotype, D) Flap at vulval region in Allotype female, E) Spicules and gubernaculum of holotype male.

FIGURE 6 in Rhynchonema dighaensis sp. nov. (Monhysterida: Xyalidae): a marine nematode from the Indian coast with an illustrated guide and modified key for species of Rhynchonema Cobb, 1920

FIGURE 6. Pictorial guide of currently recognized species of Rhynchonema: dighaensis, dispar (smaller spicule separately), falciferum, fossum, gerlachi, hirsutum, impar, kikuchii, longituba, lyngei, megamphidum, moorea and ornatum.

FIGURE 7 in Rhynchonema dighaensis sp. nov. (Monhysterida: Xyalidae): a marine nematode from the Indian coast with an illustrated guide and modified key for species of Rhynchonema Cobb, 1920

FIGURE 7. Pictorial guide of currently recognized species of Rhynchonema: quemer, scutatum, semiserratum, separatum, sieverti, subsetosum, tomakinense, tremendum, veronicae and xiamenensis.

FIGURE 4 in Rhynchonema dighaensis sp. nov. (Monhysterida: Xyalidae): a marine nematode from the Indian coast with an illustrated guide and modified key for species of Rhynchonema Cobb, 1920

FIGURE 4. Photomicrograph of A) Holotype whole body, B) Allotype whole body, C) male head, D) male copulatory apparatus (spicules at different focus), E) vulval flap and tail in allotype female.

FIGURE 2 in Rhynchonema dighaensis sp. nov. (Monhysterida: Xyalidae): a marine nematode from the Indian coast with an illustrated guide and modified key for species of Rhynchonema Cobb, 1920

FIGURE 2. Locality of type specimens of Rhynchonema spp. Developed after Lorenzen, 1975 and Bezerra et al. 2014. Numbers in circles denote the following: 1) R. amakusanum, 2) R. ambianorum, 3) R. brevituba, 4) R. cemae, 5) R. ceramotos, 6) R. chiloense, 7) R. cinctum,8) R. collare, 9) R. deconincki, 10) R. dighaensis, 11) R. dispar, 12) R. falciferum, 13) R. fossum, 14) R. gerlachi, 15) R. hirsutum,16) R. impar, 17) R. kikuchii,18) R. longituba, 19) R. lyngei, 20) R. megamphidum, 21) R. moorea, 22) R. ornatum, 23) R. quemer, 24) R. scutatum, 25) R. semiserratum, 26) R. separatum, 27) R. sieverti, 28) R. subsetosum, 29) R. tomakinense, 30) R. tremendum, 31) R. veronicae, 32) R. xiamenensis.

FIGURE 3 in One new species and one new combination of the family Xyalidae (Nematoda: Monhysterida) from the East China Sea

FIGURE 3. Paragnomoxyala macrostoma (Huang & Xu, 2013) comb. nov. (A) lateral vIeW of male anterIor end, shoWIng buCCal CavIty, amphId and pharynX; (B) entIre vIeW of female, shoWIng vulva, ovary and eggs; (C) lateral vIeW of male posterIor end, shoWIng spICule and Caudal glands; (D) lateral vIeW of male head, shoWIng buCCal CavIty and CephalIC setae; (E) lateral vIeW of male CloaCal regIon, shoWIng spICule.

FIGURE 2 in One new species and one new combination of the family Xyalidae (Nematoda: Monhysterida) from the East China Sea

FIGURE 2. Elzalia bifurcata sp. nov. (A–B) lateral vIeW of female anterIor end; (C) lateral vIeW of male posterIor end, shoWIng spICules; (D) lateral vIeW of male CloaCal regIon, shoWIng spICules and gubernaCulum.

FIGURE 1 in One new species and one new combination of the family Xyalidae (Nematoda: Monhysterida) from the East China Sea

FIGURE 1. Elzalia bifurcata sp. nov. (A) entIre vIeW of female, shoWIng vulva and ovary; (B) lateral vIeW of male anterIor end, shoWIng buCCal CavIty, CephalIC seta and pharynX; (C) lateral vIeW of female anterIor end, shoWIng buCCal CavIty and amphIdIal fovea; (D) lateral vIeW of male posterIor end, shoWIng spICules and gubernaCulum.

FIGURE 4 in One new species and one new combination of the family Xyalidae (Nematoda: Monhysterida) from the East China Sea

FIGURE 4. Paragnomoxyala macrostoma (Huang & Xu, 2013) comb. nov. (A) lateral vIeW of female anterIor end; (B) lateral vIeW of male anterIor end; (C) lateral vIeW of male posterIor end; (D) lateral vIeW of male CloaCal regIon (From Huang & Xu, 2013).

FIGURE 5 in Two new species of Xyalidae Chitwood, 1951 (Nematoda, Monhysterida) from Chinese Sea Area

FIGURE 5. Primary micrograph of Metadesmolaimus bulbosus sp. nov. (A) pharyngeal region of male; (B) posterior part of male. Scale bars: A, B 30 µm.

FIGURE 4 in Two new species of Xyalidae Chitwood, 1951 (Nematoda, Monhysterida) from Chinese Sea Area

FIGURE 4. Micrograph of Metadesmolaimus bulbosus sp. nov. (A) anterior end of male, showing buccal cavity, inner labial setae (arrow 1) and cephalic setae (arrow 2); (B) posterior part of pharynx, showing bulbs; (C) posterior end of male, showing tail and spicules; (D) cloacal region of male, showing spicules. Scale bars: A, D 10 µm; B, C 20 µm.

FIGURE 1 in Two new species of Xyalidae Chitwood, 1951 (Nematoda, Monhysterida) from Chinese Sea Area

FIGURE 1. Drawing of Daptonema sinica sp. nov. (A) anterior end of male, showing outer labial and cephalic setae, buccal cavity and amphid; (B) entire male; (C) entire female; (D) posterior end of male, showing tail and spicule; (E) spicule and gubernaculum. Scale bars: A, E 10 µm; B, C 50 µm; D 20 µm.

FIGURE 3 in Two new species of Xyalidae Chitwood, 1951 (Nematoda, Monhysterida) from Chinese Sea Area

FIGURE 3. Drawing of Metadesmolaimus bulbosus sp. nov. (A) anterior end of male; (B) entire male; (C) entire female; (D) posterior part of pharynx, showing bulbs; (E) posterior end of male, showing tail and spicule; (F) spicule. Scale bars: A, D, F 20 µm; B, C 50 µm; E 30 µm.

FIGURE 1 in Corononema vulgare sp. n. and Hofmaenneria coralis sp. n. (Nematoda, Monhysterida) from coral reefs off the coast of Vietnam

FIGURE 1. Corononema vulgaris sp. n. Holotype male and paratype female. A: male, head; B: male, anterior body end; C: spicules and gubernaculum; D: female, posterior body end; E: male, posterior body end. Scale bars: A, C—10 µm; B—80 µm; D—40 µm; E—30 µm.

FIGURE 4 in Corononema vulgare sp. n. and Hofmaenneria coralis sp. n. (Nematoda, Monhysterida) from coral reefs off the coast of Vietnam

FIGURE 4. Hofmaenneria coralis sp. n. Holotype male and paratype female. A: male, entire body; B: female, entire body; C: male, anterior body end; D and E: male head; F and G—female head; H: female, vulva region; I: male, cloaca region; J: male, posterior body end; K: female, posterior body end L: male, tail end. Scale bars: A—100 µm; B—200 µm; C—50 µm; D, E, F, I, L—5 µm; G—10 µm; H, J, K—20 µm.

FIGURE 2 in Corononema vulgare sp. n. and Hofmaenneria coralis sp. n. (Nematoda, Monhysterida) from coral reefs off the coast of Vietnam

FIGURE 2. Corononema vulgaris sp. n. Holotype male and paratype female. A: male, entire body; B: female, entire body; C: male, anterior body end; D: female, head; E: male, head; F: female, head; G: female, vulva region; H: male, cloaca region; I: male, posterior body end; J: female, posterior body end; K: male, tail end. Scale bars: A, B—100 µm; C—50 µm; D, E, F, H, K—5 µm; G, I, J—20 µm.