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146 results for “Mytilus”
Figure 1 in Short-time salinity fluctuations are strong activators of oxidative stress in Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis)
Figure 1. Scheme illustrating the experimental design.
Data from: Dynamic measurements of black oystercatcher (Haematopus bachmani) predation on mussels (Mytilus californianus)
Intertidal zone mussels can face threats from a variety of predatory species during high and low tides, and they must balance the threat of predation against other needs such as feeding and aerobic respiration. Black oystercatchers (Haematopus bachmani) on the Pacific coast of North America can depend on the mussel Mytilus californianus for a substantial portion of their diet. Observations suggest that oystercatchers tend to focus on mussels beginning to gape their valves during rising tides, following periods of aerial emersion. We present detailed, autonomous field measurements of the dynamics of three such predation events in the rocky intertidal zone. We measured accelerations of up to 4 g imposed on mussels, with handling times of 115 to 290 s required to open the shell and remove the majority of tissue. In each case a single oystercatcher attacked a mussel that had gaped the shell valves slightly wider than its neighbors as the rising tide began to splash the mussel bed, but no other obvious characteristic of the mussels, such as body temperature or orientation, could be linked to the oystercatcher's individual prey choice.
Marine stepping-stones: Connectivity of Mytilus edulis populations between offshore energy installations
Recent papers postulate that epifaunal organisms use artificial structures as stepping-stones to spread to areas that are too distant to reach in a single generation. With thousands of artificial structures present in the North Sea, we test the hypothesis that these structures are connected by water currents and act as an interconnected reef. Population genetic structure of the Blue mussel, Mytilus edulis was expected to follow a pattern predicted by particle tracking models (PTM). Correlation between population genetic differentiation, based on microsatellite markers, and particle exchange was tested. Specimens of M. edulis were found at each location, although the PTM indicated that locations >85 km offshore were isolated from coastal sub-populations. Fixation coefficient FST correlated with the number of arrivals in the PTM. However, the number of effective migrants per generation as inferred from coalescent simulations did not show a strong correlation with the arriving particles. Isolation by distance analysis showed no increase in isolation with increasing distance and we did not find clear structure among the populations. The marine stepping-stone effect is obviously important for the distribution of M. edulis in the North Sea and it may influence ecologically comparable species in a similar way. In the absence of artificial shallow hard substrates, M. edulis would be unlikely to survive in offshore North Sea waters. Although we found an indication that FST was lower between connected locations, isolation by distance analysis showed no increase in isolation with increasing distance. Finally, we did not find clear structure among the populations.
Interactive effects of ZnO nanoparticles and temperature on molecular and cellular stress responses of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis
<p>We investigate the molecular and cellular stress responses of tissues (gills and digestive glands) in the mussels <em>Mytilus edulis </em>exposed for 21 days to either ambient (10 °C in winter and 15 °C in summer) or elevated (by 5 °C) temperature combined with different concentrations (0, 10, 100 µg l<sup>-1</sup>) of ZnO nanoparticles or dissolved zinc. In this data set, we used a biomarker-based approach focusing on oxidative stress indicators ( lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyls) and transcription pattern of marker genes in the pathways related to cell survival and proliferation (caspase 3, Bcl-2, p53, p38 and JNK) and inflammation (COX, NF-κB, and TGF-β) of <em>M. edulis</em>. </p>
Circadian and circatidal rhythms of protein abundance in the California mussel (Mytilus californianus)
<p>Coastal habitats fluctuate with the 12.4 h tidal and 24 h light/dark cycle to predictably alter conditions such as air exposure, temperature, and food availability. Intertidal sessile bivalves exhibit behavioral and physiological adjustments to minimize the challenges of this environment. We investigated a high-resolution time course of the changes in protein abundance in the gill tissue of the intertidal mussel <i>Mytilus californianus</i> in a simulated tidal environment of 12:12 h light:dark cycles and a matching 6:6 h high:low tide cycle within each 12 h period. Approximately 38% of detected proteins showed significant rhythms in their abundances, with diversity in the phases of rhythmic isoforms. The circadian rhythm was dominant in protein abundance changes, particularly with oxidative metabolism. A tidal cycle elicited changes within functional groups, including in cytoskeletal proteins, chaperones, and oxidative stress proteins. In addition to protein abundance changes, we found the possibility for post-translational modifications driving rhythms, including methylation, mitochondrial peptide processing (proteolysis), and acylation. Dynamic changes in the proteome across functional categories demonstrate the importance of the tidal environment in entraining cellular processes, confirming that differential expression studies should not assume a static baseline of cellular conditions in intertidal organisms.</p>
Microsatellite data from Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea
<p>Microsatellite data from eighteen populations of Mediterranean Mussels from the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea collected between 9/2015 and 5/2017. </p>
Effects of hypoxia and spawning on mitochondrial metabolism and bioenergetics of the blue mussel Mytilus spp. from the Baltic Sea
<p>We studied the effect of short-term hypoxia (7 days) and spawning (pre-spawning, and 3 h and 72 h post-spawning) on mitochondrial respiration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and energy budget of the mussels Mytilus edulis. The data set reports oxygen consumption, efflux of reactive oxygen species (H2O2), fractional electrol leak (ratio of H2O2 efflux to O2 consumption) in isolated mitochondria, as well as the biochemical composition and energy content of the gills and the digestive gland tissues, tissue energy demand (measured as the activity to the electron transport system) and cellular energy allogation (CEA) in the tissues of the mussels.</p>
Data from: A genome-wide approach to the phylogeography of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis in the Adriatic and the Black Seas
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Marine stepping-stones: Connectivity of Mytilus edulis populations between offshore energy installations
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Data from: Plasticity of thermal tolerance and its relationship with growth rate in juvenile mussels (Mytilus californianus)
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Data from: Dynamic measurements of black oystercatcher (Haematopus bachmani) predation on mussels (Mytilus californianus)
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Microsatellite data from Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea
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Spatially varying selection amplifies intrapopulation differentiation among phenotypic traits in the rocky-shore mussel, Mytilus californianus
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Circadian and circatidal rhythms of protein abundance in the California mussel (Mytilus californianus)
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Santa Barbara Coastal site, station Carpinteria Reef, Santa Barbara Channel, study of animal cover of Mytilus californianus in units of percent on a yearly timescale
The EcoTrends project was established in 2004 by Dr. Debra Peters (Jornada Basin LTER, USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range) and Dr. Ariel Lugo (Luquillo LTER, USDA-FS Luquillo Experimental Forest) to support the collection and analysis of long-term ecological datasets. The project is a large synthesis effort focused on improving the accessibility and use of long-term data. At present, there are ~50 state and federally funded research sites that are participating and contributing to the EcoTrends project, including all 26 Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites and sites funded by the USDA Agriculture Research Service (ARS), USDA Forest Service, US Department of Energy, US Geological Survey (USGS) and numerous universities. Data from the EcoTrends project are available through an exploratory web portal (http://www.ecotrends.info). This web portal enables the continuation of data compilation and accessibility by users through an interactive web application. Ongoing data compilation is updated through both manual and automatic processing as part of the LTER Provenance Aware Synthesis Tracking Architecture (PASTA). The web portal is a collaboration between the Jornada LTER and the LTER Network Office. The following dataset from Santa Barbara Coastal (SBC) contains animal cover of Mytilus californianus measurements in percent units and were aggregated to a yearly timescale.
Santa Barbara Coastal site, station Santa Cruz Island, Twin Harbor West, Santa Barbara Channel, study of animal cover of Mytilus californianus in units of percent on a yearly timescale
The EcoTrends project was established in 2004 by Dr. Debra Peters (Jornada Basin LTER, USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range) and Dr. Ariel Lugo (Luquillo LTER, USDA-FS Luquillo Experimental Forest) to support the collection and analysis of long-term ecological datasets. The project is a large synthesis effort focused on improving the accessibility and use of long-term data. At present, there are ~50 state and federally funded research sites that are participating and contributing to the EcoTrends project, including all 26 Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites and sites funded by the USDA Agriculture Research Service (ARS), USDA Forest Service, US Department of Energy, US Geological Survey (USGS) and numerous universities. Data from the EcoTrends project are available through an exploratory web portal (http://www.ecotrends.info). This web portal enables the continuation of data compilation and accessibility by users through an interactive web application. Ongoing data compilation is updated through both manual and automatic processing as part of the LTER Provenance Aware Synthesis Tracking Architecture (PASTA). The web portal is a collaboration between the Jornada LTER and the LTER Network Office. The following dataset from Santa Barbara Coastal (SBC) contains animal cover of Mytilus californianus measurements in percent units and were aggregated to a yearly timescale.
A single heat stress bout induces rapid and prolonged heat acclimation in the California mussel, Mytilus californianus
Climate change is not only causing steady increases in average global temperatures but also increasing the frequency with which extreme heating events occur. These extreme events may be pivotal in determining the ability of organisms to persist in their current habitats. Thus, it is important to understand how quickly an organism's heat tolerance can be gained and lost relative to the frequency with which extreme heating events occur in the field. We show that the California mussel, <i>Mytilus californianus</i>—a sessile intertidal species that experiences extreme temperature fluctuations and cannot behaviorally thermoregulate—can quickly (in 24-48 h) acquire improved heat tolerance after exposure to a single sublethal heat-stress bout (2 h at 30 or 35°C) and can maintain this improved tolerance for up to 3 weeks without further exposure to elevated temperatures. This adaptive response improved survival rates by ~75% under extreme heat stress bouts (2 h at 40°C). To interpret these laboratory findings in an ecological context, we evaluated four years of mussel body temperatures recorded in the field. The majority (~64%) of consecutive heat stress bouts were separated by 24-48 h, but several consecutive heat bouts were separated by as much as 22 days. Thus, the ability of <i>M. californianus</i> to maintain improved heat tolerance for up to three weeks after a single sublethal heat-stress bout significantly improves their probability of survival, as ~33% of consecutive heat events are separated by 3-22 days. As a sessile animal, mussels likely evolved the capability to rapidly gain and slowly lose heat tolerance to survive the intermittent, and often unpredictable, heat events in the intertidal zone. This adaptive strategy will likely prove beneficial under the extreme heat events predicted with climate change.
Data from: Glacial history of the European marine mussels Mytilus, inferred from distribution of mitochondrial DNA lineages
Mussels of the genus Mytilus have been used to assess the circumglacial phylogeography of the intertidal zone. These mussels are representative components of the intertidal zone and have rapidly evolving mitochondrial DNA, suitable for high resolution phylogeographic analyses. In Europe, the three Mytilus species currently share mitochondrial haplotypes, owing to the cases of extensive genetic introgression. Genetic diversity of Mytilus edulis, Mytilus trossulus and Mytilus galloprovincialis was studied using a 900-bp long part of the most variable fragment of the control region from one of their two mitochondrial genomes. To this end, 985 specimens were sampled along the European coasts, at sites ranging from the Black Sea to the White Sea. The relevant DNA fragments were amplified, sequenced and analyzed. Contrary to the earlier findings, our coalescence and nested cladistics results show that only a single M. edulis glacial refugium existed in the Atlantic. Despite that, the species survived the glaciation retaining much of its diversity. Unsurprisingly, M. galloprovincialis survived in the Mediterranean Sea. In a relatively short time period, around the climatic optimum at 10 ky ago, the species underwent rapid expansion coupled with population differentiation. Following the expansion, further contemporary gene flow between populations was limited.
Data from: Genetic diversity and connectivity within Mytilus spp. in the subarctic and Arctic
Climate changes in the Arctic are predicted to alter distributions of marine species. However, such changes are difficult to quantify because information on present species distribution and the genetic variation within species is lacking or poorly examined. Blue mussels, Mytilus spp. are ecosystem engineers in the coastal zone globally. In order to improve knowledge of distribution and genetic structure of the Mytilus edulis complex in the Arctic, we analyzed 81 SNPs in 534 Mytilus spp. individuals sampled at 13 sites to provide baseline data for distribution and genetic variation of Mytilus mussels in the European Arctic. Mytilus edulis was the most abundant species found with a clear genetic split between populations in Greenland and the Eastern Atlantic. Surprisingly, analyses revealed the presence of M. trossulus in high Arctic NW Greenland (77°N) and M. galloprovincialis or their hybrids in SW Greenland, Svalbard and the Pechora Sea. Furthermore, a high degree of hybridization and introgression between species was observed. Our study highlights the importance of distinguishing between congener species, which can display local adaptation and suggests that information on dispersal routes and barriers are essential for accurate predictions of regional susceptibility to range expansions or invasions of boreal species in the Arctic.
Data from: Buried alive: the behavioural response of the mussels, Modiolus modiolus and Mytilus edulis to sudden burial by sediment
Sedimentation in the sea occurs through natural processes, such as wave and tidal action, which can be exacerbated during storms and floods. Changes in terrestrial land use, marine aggregate extraction, dredging, drilling and mining are known to result in substantial sediment deposition. Research suggests that deposition will also occur due to the modern development of marine renewable energy. The response to individual burial under three depths of sediment, three sediment fractions and five burial durations was investigated in two mussel species, Modiolus modiolus and Mytilus edulis in specialist mesocosms. Both mussel species showed substantial mortality, which increased with duration of burial and burial by finer sediment fractions. M. modiolus was better able to survive short periods of burial than M. edulis, but at longer durations mortality was more pronounced. No mortality was observed in M. modiolus in burial durations of eight days or less but by 16 days of burial, over 50% cumulative mortality occurred. Under variable temperature regimes, M. edulis mortality increased from 20% at 8°C to over 60% at 14.5 and 20°C. Only M. edulis was able to emerge from burial, facilitated by increased byssus production, laid mostly on vertical surfaces but also on sediment particles. Emergence was higher from coarse sediment and shallow burials. Byssus production in M. edulis was not related to the condition index of the mussels. Results suggest that even marginal burial would result in mortality and be more pronounced in warm summer periods. Our results suggest that in the event of burial, adult M. modiolus would not be able to emerge from burial unless local hydrodynamics assist, whereas a small proportion of M. edulis may regain contact with the sediment water interface. The physiological stress resulting in mortality, contribution of local hydrodynamics to survival and other ecological pressures such as mussels existing in aggregations, are discussed.
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