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Fig. 15 in The occurrence of known Myxobolus and Thelohanellus species (Myxozoa, Myxosporea) from Indian major carps with the description of Myxobolus bandyopadhyayi n. sp. in West Bengal

Fig. 15. Spores of M. rewensis from the fin of mrigal. Arrow is indicating the characteristic globule inside the intercapsular appendix. Mount picture. Bar = 10 μm.

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Fig. 7 in Myxobolus saladensis sp. nov., a new species of gill parasite of Mugil liza (Osteichthyes, Mugilidae) from Samborombón Bay, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Fig. 7. Schematic drawing of the morphology of a spore of Myxobolus saladensis sp. nov. witch infects Mugil liza Valenciennes, 1836 from Argentina.

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Figs 5, 6 in Myxobolus saladensis sp. nov., a new species of gill parasite of Mugil liza (Osteichthyes, Mugilidae) from Samborombón Bay, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Figs 5, 6. Myxobolus saladensis sp. nov. parasite of Mugil liza Valenciennes, 1836: 5, sectioned spore showing valves (V) and their suture lines (arrows), polar capsules (PC), different sections of the polar filaments (arrowheads) and some sporoplasmosomes (Sps); 6, detail of apical region of the PCs showing the PC wall (arrows) composed of two layers and the apical stopper (double arrows) and the different sections of the polar filament (arrowheads).

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Figs 1-4 in Myxobolus saladensis sp. nov., a new species of gill parasite of Mugil liza (Osteichthyes, Mugilidae) from Samborombón Bay, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Figs 1-4. Light and transmission electron micrographs of the myxosporean Myxobolus saladensis sp. nov. infecting gills and gills rakers of Mugil liza Valenciennes, 1836: 1, semithin section of a plasmodium; 2, isolated spores observed in differential interference-contrast (DIC); 3, ultrathin section of a plasmodium showing several spores at different levels (S); 4, sectioned spore showing the shell valves (V); polar capsules (PC); Sporoplasm (SP) and transverse section of the polar filament (arrows).

Fig. 1 in Effect of 80% ethanol or 10% formalin fixation, freezing at - 20 C and staining on Myxobolus (Myxosporea) spores to be deposited in parasitological collections

Fig. 1. Myxospores of Myxobolus bramae treated in different ways. (a) Fresh spore, (b) Spore fixed in 80% ethanol, (c) Spore fixed in 10% formalin solution, (d) Spore freezing at – 20 ◦C for 3 months, (e) Spore stained with Giemsa stain, (f) Spore stained with Ziehl–Neelsen stain.

Fig. 3 in Effect of 80% ethanol or 10% formalin fixation, freezing at - 20 C and staining on Myxobolus (Myxosporea) spores to be deposited in parasitological collections

Fig. 3. Myxospores of Myxobolus bliccae treated in different ways. (a) Fresh spore, (b) Spore fixed in 80% ethanol, (c) Spore fixed in 10% formalin solution, (d) Spore freezing at – 20 ◦C for 3 months, (e) Spore stained with Giemsa stain, (f) Spore stained with Ziehl–Neelsen stain.

Fig. 4 in Effect of 80% ethanol or 10% formalin fixation, freezing at - 20 C and staining on Myxobolus (Myxosporea) spores to be deposited in parasitological collections

Fig. 4. Length and width (n = 795 and 729, respectively) of differently treated spores of Myxobolus bramae. Medians and interquartile ranges are indicated by thick middle lines and boxes, respectively, whereas the whiskers represent maximum and minimum values, and the open circles refer to outliers.

Fig. 2 in Effect of 80% ethanol or 10% formalin fixation, freezing at - 20 C and staining on Myxobolus (Myxosporea) spores to be deposited in parasitological collections

Fig. 2. (a) Myxospore of M. bramae treated with Lugol's solution. (b) Myxospore of M. bliccae treated with Lugol's solution.

Fig. 1. Myxobolus tihanyensis n in Morphological and molecular characterisation of two closely related species: Myxobolus tihanyensis n. sp. and Myxobolus sandrae Reuss, 1906

Fig. 1. Myxobolus tihanyensis n. sp. plasmodia inhabiting Perca fluviatilis. (A). Plasmodia in the mesenchymal tissue between the caudal fin rays beneath the skin. (B) Plasmodia in the subcutaneous muscle close to the cartilage and ossified caudal fin rays (C) Plasmodia close to the pleural centrum (pc) located in the homocercal caudal fin. (D) Plasmodia is shown in the homocercal caudal skeleton in the urostyle (u) and the hypural (h). Note plasmodia are indicated in black arrows. Scale bars = 500 μm.

Fig. 4 in Morphological and molecular characterisation of two closely related species: Myxobolus tihanyensis n. sp. and Myxobolus sandrae Reuss, 1906

Fig. 4. Histology sections of Perca fluviatilis using the haematoxylin and eosin (H & E) technique. (A–B) Sagittal section of the proximal region of the caudal fin. (A) Rounded plasmodia (p) developing in the mesenchyme (mh) closely attached to the bases of the rays (r), scale bar = 100 μm. (B) Higher magnification of plasmodiacontaining spores. Scale bar = 20 μm. (C–D) Transversal section of the caudal vertebrate region. (C) Plasmodia located between the hemal spine (hs) and muscular fibres (mf), scale bar = 200 μm. (D) Higher magnification of plasmodia containing spores (black arrows), scale bar = 20 μm.

Fig. 3 in Morphological and molecular characterisation of two closely related species: Myxobolus tihanyensis n. sp. and Myxobolus sandrae Reuss, 1906

Fig. 3. Schematic drawings of the mature spore of Myxobolus tihanyensis n. sp. from the caudal fin of Perca fluviatilis (A) in frontal view, (B) in sutural view. Scale bar = 10 μm.

Fig. 2 in Morphological and molecular characterisation of two closely related species: Myxobolus tihanyensis n. sp. and Myxobolus sandrae Reuss, 1906

Fig. 2. Photomicrographs of Myxobolus tihanyensis n. sp. spores from Perca fluviatilis. (A–D) Myxobolus tihanyensis n. sp., and (E–H), Myxobolus sandrae from Sander lucioperca. (A, E) Numerous mature spores (s) illustrate an ovoid shape and two polar capsules (pc). (B, F) Ovoid spores with sutural markings (white arrows) with two polar capsules which contain coiled polar tubules (pf) (C, G) Spore in sutural view showing the suture (su) (D, H) Spores releasing the polar tubules (pf) and showing sutural markings. Figs. C, G and H represented spores stained with Lugol solution. Scale bars = 10 μm.

Fig. 7 in Description, life cycle, and development of the myxozoan Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. in fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas: A possible emerging pathogen in southern Alberta, Canada

Fig. 7. Coronal histological section of the anterior head region of a Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. infected fathead minnow. Approximately 8 myxospore-filled plasmodia are located between the two optic lobes in the anterior-dorsal region of the head cavity. Plasmodia demarcated from adjacent host tissue by a thin fibrocytic membrane that also encircles Ornithodiplostomum ptychocheilus metacercariae. 100X magnification. Op = Ornithodiplostomum ptychocheilus metacercariae, Olb: Optic lobe of the minnow brain, Ps: Plasmodia of Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. Inset demonstrates distribution of numerous stained and unstained myxospores located within plasmodia.

Fig. 8 in Description, life cycle, and development of the myxozoan Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. in fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas: A possible emerging pathogen in southern Alberta, Canada

Fig. 8. Size-frequency distributions of fathead minnows collected from two wetlands in southern Alberta. The left-hand triplet of graphs (A, B, C) indicates size distributions of the 2020 cohort of fathead minnows assessed in Sept. 2020, June 2021, and Sept. 2021 at McQuillan Reservoir. The right-hand triplet (D, E, F) indicates size distributions assessed at the same times for Coalhurst Stormwater Pond. Dark bars indicate minnows with M. rasmusseni n. sp. lesions.

Fig. 6 in Description, life cycle, and development of the myxozoan Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. in fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas: A possible emerging pathogen in southern Alberta, Canada

Fig. 6. Coronal histological section through the dorsal head region along the frontal plane of a fathead minnow that contained multiple, various-sized plasmodia of Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. 1.25X magnification. Rt - Retina of the eye, Ps - Plasmodia, Br - Brain, Ls - Lens of the eye, Ns - Nares, Of – Opercular flap.

Fig. 5 in Description, life cycle, and development of the myxozoan Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. in fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas: A possible emerging pathogen in southern Alberta, Canada

Fig. 5. Phylogenetic tree produced by Bayesian analysis of aligned partial 18S rDNA gene sequences of M. rasmusseni n. sp. and other Myxobolus spp. infecting cyprinid fishes in Canada, Europe, and Asia. The tree is rooted with Ceratonova shasta (AF001579.1). Nodes are denoted with bootstrap probabilities generated by Bayesian analyses. Species in taxa in groups I-III are highlighted in the pairwise percent identity matrix in Supplementary Table 1.

Fig. 4 in Description, life cycle, and development of the myxozoan Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. in fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas: A possible emerging pathogen in southern Alberta, Canada

Fig. 4. Transmission electron micrographs of plasmodia that contain M. rasmusseni n. sp. myxospores. Sections are from lesioned tissue (see inset in A) located in the circumorbital cavity of a fathead minnow. A. Side-on view of a couplet of Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. myxospores at 2500X magnification. Sp - Sporoplasm, Iv - Iodinophilous vacuole, Pc - Polar capsule, Pf - Polar filament; Black arrowheads indicate nuclei, orange arrowheads indicate sutural ridge along the midline of myxospore; blue arrowheads indicate posterior projections on the myxospore. B. Myxospores sectioned in various orientations with adjacent rodlet cells at 2000X magnification. Rc - Rodlet cell, Ms: myxospore.

Fig. 1 in Description, life cycle, and development of the myxozoan Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. in fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas: A possible emerging pathogen in southern Alberta, Canada

Fig. 1. Disfiguring lesions on the heads of 1-yr old fathead minnows infected with Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. Minnows were live-trapped from University Pond, Lethbridge, Ab in summer, 2022, placed into a single aquarium in the laboratory, then photographed with a digital camera. A) Unilateral exopthalmia of the right eye. B) Bilateral exopthalmia with additional lesions on dorsal surface of circumorbital cavity and on surface of left nares. C) Asymmetric exopthalmia of the left dorsal circumorbital cavity; hemorrhage within left vitreous humour, D) Severe hemorrhage of the right eye. E) Pathology of the epidermis of the left posterior circumorbital cavity and surface of left operculum.

Fig. 3. A in Description, life cycle, and development of the myxozoan Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. in fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas: A possible emerging pathogen in southern Alberta, Canada

Fig. 3. A. Myxospores of Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. prepared from a wet mount of a plasmodia-packed lesion located in the circumorbital cavity of an infected fathead minnow. A. Myxospores imaged with differential interference contrast microscope. Thin mucus coat envelopes posterior two thirds of myxospores. B. Composite line drawing of a Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. myxospore; PC – polar capsule; PF – polar filament; MC – mucus coat; SP – sporoplasm; IV – iodinophilous vacuole; N – nucleus.

Fig. 2 in Description, life cycle, and development of the myxozoan Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. in fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas: A possible emerging pathogen in southern Alberta, Canada

Fig. 2. In situ image of a school of surfacing 1-yr old fathead minnows in University Pond, Lethbridge, Ab. Each minnow has bilateral or unilateral exopthalmia associated with infection of myxospore-containing plasmodia of Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. Note additional large, whitish lesions located on the anterior epidermal surface of some minnows.