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167 results for “Neotropical clade”
FIGURE 21. Centruroides Marx, 1890, metasomal segment V, ventral aspect. A, D. C. rileyi Sissom, 1995, A in Systematic Revision Of The Arboreal Neotropical "Thorellii" Clade Of Centruroides Marx, 1890, Bark Scorpions (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) With Descriptions Of Six New Species
FIGURE 21. Centruroides Marx, 1890, metasomal segment V, ventral aspect. A, D. C. rileyi Sissom, 1995, A. ♂ (CNAN SC4002), D. ♀ (CNAN SC4003). B, E. C. hamadryas, sp. nov., B. holotype ♂ (CNAN T01408), E. paratype ♀ (CNAN T01415). C, F. C. hoffmanni Armas, 1996, C. ♂, F. ♀ (CNAN SC3996). G, J. C. cuauhmapan, sp. nov., G. holotype ♂ (CNAN T01396), J. paratype ♀ (CNAN T01399). H, K. C berstoni, sp. nov., H. holotype ♂ (CASENT 9073325), K. paratype ♀ (CASENT 9073313). I, L. C. chanae, sp. nov., I. holotype ♂ (CNAN T01403), L. paratype ♀ (CNAN T01405). M, P. C. catemacoensis, sp. nov., M. holotype ♂ (CNAN T01424), P. paratype ♀ (CNAN T01423). N, Q. C. schmidti Sissom, 1995, N. ♂ (CASENT 9073316), Q. ♀ (CASENT 9073317). O, R. C. yucatanensis, sp. nov., O. holotype ♂ (CNAN T01416), R. paratype ♀ (CNAN T01417). Scale bars = 2 mm.
FIGURE 20. Centruroides Marx, 1890, metasomal segment V, dorsal aspect. A, D. C. rileyi Sissom, 1995, A in Systematic Revision Of The Arboreal Neotropical "Thorellii" Clade Of Centruroides Marx, 1890, Bark Scorpions (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) With Descriptions Of Six New Species
FIGURE 20. Centruroides Marx, 1890, metasomal segment V, dorsal aspect. A, D. C. rileyi Sissom, 1995, A. ♂ (CNAN SC4002), D. ♀ (CNAN SC4003). B, E. C. hamadryas, sp. nov., B. holotype ♂ (CNAN T01408), E. paratype ♀ (CNAN T01415). C, F. C. hoffmanni Armas, 1996, C. ♂, F. ♀ (CNAN SC3996). G, J. C. cuauhmapan, sp. nov., G. holotype ♂ (CNAN T01396), J. paratype ♀ (CNAN T01399). H, K. C. berstoni, sp. nov., H. holotype ♂ (CASENT 9073325), K. paratype ♀ (CASENT 9073313). I, L. C. chanae, sp. nov., I. holotype ♂ (CNAN T01403), L. paratype ♀ (CNAN T01405). M, P. C. catemacoensis, sp. nov., M. holotype ♂ (CNAN T01424), P. paratype ♀ (CNAN T01423). N, Q. C. schmidti Sissom, 1995, N. ♂ (CASENT 9073316), Q. ♀ (CASENT 9073317). O, R. C. yucatanensis, sp. nov., O. holotype ♂ (CNAN T01416), R. paratype ♀ (CNAN T01417). Scale bars = 2 mm.
FIGURE 29 in Systematic Revision Of The Arboreal Neotropical "Thorellii" Clade Of Centruroides Marx, 1890, Bark Scorpions (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) With Descriptions Of Six New Species
FIGURE 29. Centruroides cuauhmapan, sp. nov., ♀ (CNAN T01399), habitus. A. Dorsal aspect. B. Ventral aspect. Scale bars = 5 mm.
FIGURE 14. Centruroides Marx, 1890 in Systematic Revision Of The Arboreal Neotropical "Thorellii" Clade Of Centruroides Marx, 1890, Bark Scorpions (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) With Descriptions Of Six New Species
FIGURE 14. Centruroides Marx, 1890, pedipalp chela, retrolateral aspect. A. C. hamadryas, sp. nov., paratype ♀ (CNAN T01415). B. C. berstoni, sp. nov., paratype ♀ (CASENT 9073313). C. C. schmidti Sissom, 1995, ♀ (CASENT 9073317). Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURE 16. Centruroides Marx, 1890 in Systematic Revision Of The Arboreal Neotropical "Thorellii" Clade Of Centruroides Marx, 1890, Bark Scorpions (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) With Descriptions Of Six New Species
FIGURE 16. Centruroides Marx, 1890, pedipalp chela, retrolateral aspect. A. C. hoffmanni Armas, 1996, ♀ (CNAN SC3996). B. C. chanae, sp. nov., paratype ♀ (CNAN T01405). C. C. yucatanensis, sp. nov., paratype ♀ (CNAN T01418). Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURE 38. Centruroides hoffmanni Armas 1996 in Systematic Revision Of The Arboreal Neotropical "Thorellii" Clade Of Centruroides Marx, 1890, Bark Scorpions (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) With Descriptions Of Six New Species
FIGURE 38. Centruroides hoffmanni Armas 1996, ♂ (CNAN SC3996), habitus. A. Dorsal aspect. B. Ventral aspect. Scale bars = 5 mm.
FIGURE 28 in Systematic Revision Of The Arboreal Neotropical "Thorellii" Clade Of Centruroides Marx, 1890, Bark Scorpions (Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837) With Descriptions Of Six New Species
FIGURE 28. Centruroides cuauhmapan, sp. nov., ♂ (CNAN T01396), habitus. A. Dorsal aspect. B. Ventral aspect. Scale bars = 5 mm.
Figure 1 in The bee subtribe Epanthidiina, a new taxon for the Neotropical clade of Anthidiini (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Megachilinae)
Figure 1 Species of Urbanthidium gen.nov. A-C,Urbanthidium gracile. A.Female, habitus in lateral view.B. Female head, in frontal view. C.Male head (holotype), in frontal view.D-F, Urbanthidium psaenythioides. D. Female, habitus in lateral view. E.Female head, in frontal view. F. Male head, in frontal view. A and D, and B, C, E and F, respectively at same scale.
Phylogenomics and macroevolution of a florally diverse Neotropical plant clade
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Systematics of a Neotropical clade of dead-leaf-foraging antwrens (Aves: Thamnophilidae; Epinecrophylla)
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Data from: Canopy height explains species richness in the largest clade of Neotropical lianas
Aim: Tall and structurally complex forests can provide ample habitat and niche space for climbing plants, supporting high liana species richness. We test to what extent canopy height (as proxy of 3D habitat structure), climate and soil interact to determine species richness in the largest clade of Neotropical lianas. We expect that the effect of canopy height on species richness is higher for lianas from closed tropical rainforests compared to riparian and savanna habitats. Location: Neotropics Time period: PresentMajor taxa studied: Tribe Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae) Methods: We used structural equation models to evaluate direct and indirect effects of canopy height, climate (temperature, precipitation and precipitation seasonality), and soil (cation exchange capacity and soil types) on overall Bignonieae species richness (339 liana species), as well as on species richness of lianas from forest, riparian and savanna habitats, respectively. We further performed multiple regression models with Moran's eigenvector maps to account for spatial autocorrelation. Results: Canopy height was a key driver of liana species richness, in addition to climate and soil. Species richness of forest lianas showed a strong positive relationship with canopy height whereas the relationship was less pronounced for riparian species. Richness of savanna species decreased with increasing canopy height. Climate also explained a substantial proportion of variation in liana species richness whereas soil variables showed little explanatory power.Main conclusions: The relationship between canopy height and liana species richness differs among habitats. While forest and riparian lianas benefit from tall and complex habitats that provide physical support to reach the canopy to escape low light availability in the understory, a high light availability in open habitats and an increased risk of embolism of conductive vessels for lianas with long stems living in areas with high seasonality might explain the inverse relationship between species richness and canopy height in savannas.
Phylogenetic signal and evolutionary correlates of urban tolerance in a widespread neotropical lizard clade
<p>Urbanization is intensifying worldwide, and while some species tolerate and even exploit urban environments, many others are excluded entirely from this new habitat. Understanding the factors that underlie tolerance of urbanization is thus of rapidly growing importance. Here we examine urban tolerance across a diverse group of lizards: Caribbean members of the neotropical genus Anolis. Our analyses reveal that urban tolerance has strong phylogenetic signal, suggesting that closely related species tend to respond similarly to urban environments. We propose that this characteristic of urban tolerance in anoles may be used to forecast the possible responses of species to increasing urbanization. In addition, we identified several key ecological and morphological traits that tend to be associated with tolerance in Anolis. Specifically, species experiencing hot and dry conditions in their natural environment and those that maintain higher body temperatures tend to have greater tolerance of urban habitats. We also found that tolerance of urbanization is positively associated with toepad lamella number, and negatively associated with ventral scale density and relative hindlimb length. The identification of factors that predispose a species to be more or less urban tolerant can provide a starting point for conservation and sustainable development in our increasingly urbanized world.</p>
Feeding habits influence species habitat associations at the landscape scale in a diverse clade of Neotropical fishes
<p><strong>Aim.</strong> A primary goal of community ecology is to understand the mechanisms that drive species' spatial distribution and habitat associations. Species' geographic distribution can be influenced by the distribution of their prey partly because consumers' behavior is oriented to optimal energy use during foraging. We analyzed how differences in dietary preferences influence the spatial distribution and habitat associations of species at the landscape scale. We hypothesized that differences in feeding guilds will lead to divergent habitat association patterns among species.</p> <p><strong>Location.</strong> Amazon River drainage basin. </p> <p><strong>Taxon.</strong> Characiform fishes in the family Serrasalmidae (piranhas and pacus). </p> <p><strong>Methods.</strong> We used diet data to classify species into feeding guilds (frugivores, herbivores, piscivores, fin and scale feeders, and planktivores). We used three proxies of habitat association derived from satellite products: floodplain extent, landscape heterogeneity, and flood duration, in three distance buffers. We implemented Phylogenetic Generalized Least Squares models to evaluate the relationship between habitat association and feeding guilds.</p> <p><strong>Results.</strong> Frugivores, piscivores, and fin and scale feeders presented similar patterns of habitat associations, with frugivores occupying wider areas of floodplain and greater landscape heterogeneity. Herbivores and planktivores were associated with smaller floodplain extents and lower landscape heterogeneity. All feeding guilds were associated with similar levels of flood duration.</p> <p><strong>Main conclusions.</strong> Differences in resource distribution (assessed through feeding guilds) can influence habitat association. Considering the hydrological variability (i.e., floodplain extent) and landscape heterogeneity that characterize floodplains, the patterns of habitat association vary with the spatial scale considered. This work highlights the importance of understanding species habitat associations by fish as well as food resource dynamics and floodplain dependence. This realization is critical for assessing the impact of anthropogenic activities on freshwater ecosystems.</p>
Data from: Fifty shades of brown: Macroevolution of plumage brightness in the Furnariida, a large clade of drab Neotropical passerines
Both natural and sexual selection are thought to affect the evolution of bird color. Most studies of the topic have focused on sexually dichromatic taxa and showy plumages, which are expected to be more influenced by social selection and usually result in increased conspicuousness. However, many bird clades display dull brown or grey plumages that vary greatly in brightness (lightness), but little in hue (shade). Here, we examine the macroevolution of brightness in one such clade, the Furnariida. We make comparisons across light environments, body parts, and across monochromatic lineages and each sex of dichromatic lineages. We found that support for models including light environments is greater for the dorsum than for the venter, and that brightness evolution is more constrained in the latter than in the former. Plumages in this clade have evolved to be darker in darker habitats, consistent with natural selection for increased crypsis. Finally, the features of brightness macroevolution are broadly similar across the sexes of the dichromatic clade, challenging the view that sexual dichromatism is driven by different evolutionary processes acting in each sex. We conclude that, in the Furnariida, light environments and dorsal-ventral variation are more important than sex as axes of color evolution.
Data from: Canopy height explains species richness in the largest clade of Neotropical lianas
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Data from: Macroevolution of body extremities reveals an integrated phenotypic response of coloration and morphology to temperature in a large clade of Neotropical passerines (Furnariida)
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Phylogenetic signal and evolutionary correlates of urban tolerance in a widespread neotropical lizard clade
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Data from: Fifty shades of brown: Macroevolution of plumage brightness in the Furnariida, a large clade of drab Neotropical passerines
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Feeding habits influence species habitat associations at the landscape scale in a diverse clade of Neotropical fishes
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Data from: Drivers of phylogenetic assemblage structure of the Furnariides, a widespread clade of lowland Neotropical birds
Species co-occurrence in local assemblages is shaped by different processes at different spatial and temporal scales. Here we focus on historical explanations and examine the phylogenetic structure of local assemblages of the Furnariides clade (Aves: Passeriformes), assessing the influence of diversification rates on the assembly and species co-occurrence within those assemblages. Using 120 local assemblages across Bolivia and Argentina and a nearly complete phylogeny for the clade, we analyzed assemblage phylogenetic structure applying a recently developed model (DAMOCLES) accounting for the historical processes of speciation, colonization and local extinction. We also evaluated how diversification rates determine species co-occurrence. We found that the assembly of Furnariides assemblages can largely be explained by speciation, colonization and local extinction without invoking current local species interactions. Phylogenetic structure of open habitat assemblages mainly showed clustering, characterized by faster rates of colonization and local extinction than in forest habitats, whereas forest habitat assemblages were congruent with the model's equal rates expectation, thus highlighting the influence of habitat preferences on assembly and co-occurrence patterns. Our results suggest that historical processes are sufficient to explain local assemblage phylogenetic structure, while there is little evidence for species ecological interactions in avian assemblage diversity and composition.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.