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180 results for “Ocean acidification”

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dryad36/100

Ocean acidification and predation risk, in isolation and in combination, show strong effects on marine mussels

Carbon dioxide-induced ocean acidification are producing a range of new selection pressures on marine calcifying organisms that show phenotypic plasticity in their shell morphology in response to predators. Although there are numerous studies on the effects of ocean acidification and predation risk on marine bivalves in isolation, the understanding concerning their combined effects is still lacking. To bridge this gap, we conducted a long-term mesocosm experiment using mussel populations with different history of predator exposure: crab-experienced and crab-naïve. Mussels were exposed to either lower pH or crab cue and the combination of both these treatments for four months. We demonstrate that both crab-experienced and crab-naïve mussels have heavier, thicker, rounder and, thus, stronger shells in response to crab cues, whereas low pH significantly decreased shell mass, thickness and strength. Mussels with previous experience to crabs showed greater plasticity in response to crab cues than crab-naïve mussels. However, this differential response was eliminated by ocean acidification. Exposure to low pH and crab cue resulted in antagonistic interactions for all traits, except for shell length where the combined effect was additive. However, there was no difference among populations in the interaction type for any of the traits. Our study may provide implications for the management of mussel populations under climate change.

opencc-zeroOct 2022View details →

dryad36/100

Data for: Ocean acidification has a strong effect on communities living on plastic in mesocosms

We conducted a mesocosm experiment to examine how ocean acidification (OA) affects communities of prokaryotes and eukaryotes growing on single-use drinking bottles in subtropical eutrophic waters of the East China Sea. Based on 16S rDNA gene sequencing, simulated high CO2 significantly altered the prokaryotic community, with the relative abundance of the phylum Planctomycetota increasing by 49 % under high CO2. Under high CO2, prokaryotes in plastisphere significantly enhanced nitrogen dissimilation and ureolysis, raising the possibility that elevated CO2 may modify nutrient cycling in subtropical eutrophic waters. The relative abundance of pathogenic and animal parasite bacteria also increased under simulated high CO2. Our results show that simulated high CO2 significantly affected some secondary producers based on 18S rDNA gene sequencing. For example, Mayorella amoebae were highly resistant to OA whereas labyrinthulids were sensitive to high CO2. This shows that OA may alter plastisphere food chains in subtropical eutrophic waters.

opencc-zeroApr 2023View details →

dryad36/100

Data for: Variable food alters responses of larval crown-of-thorns starfish to ocean warming but not acidification

We examined whether warming, acidification, and different food availability regimes interacted to affect the survival, development, and growth of larval crown-of-thorns starfish, Acanthaster sp. (CoTS). Larvae were reared in all combinations of two temperatures (26, 30 °C), two pH levels (pH 8.0, 7.6), and three food regimes ('low' ration: 1,000 cells mL-1; 'switch' ration: 1,000 cells mL-1 until day 11, followed by 50,000 cells mL-1; and 'high' ration: 50 000 cells mL-1).

opencc-zeroJun 2023View details →

dryad36/100