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87 results for “Primulina”
Fig. 4 in Flavonoids in the flowers of Primula × polyantha Mill. and Primula primulina (Spreng.) H. Hara (Primulaceae)
Fig. 4. Chemical structures of known anthocyanins isolated from the flowers of Primula × polyantha cultivars.
Figure 3 from: Ge Y-Z, Xin Z-B, Fu L-F, Chou W-C, Huang Y, Huang Z-J, Maciejewski S, Wen F (2020) Primulina hochiensis var. ochroleuca (Gesneriaceae), a new variety from a limestone area of Guangxi, China, and errata on five new species of Primulina. PhytoKeys 152: 111-120. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.152.50968
Figure 3 Geographical distribution of the Primulina hochiensis var. ochroleuca and the most closely related taxa.
Figure 2 from: Ge Y-Z, Xin Z-B, Fu L-F, Chou W-C, Huang Y, Huang Z-J, Maciejewski S, Wen F (2020) Primulina hochiensis var. ochroleuca (Gesneriaceae), a new variety from a limestone area of Guangxi, China, and errata on five new species of Primulina. PhytoKeys 152: 111-120. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.152.50968
Figure 2 Comparison of frontal view of corolla between Primulina hochiensis var. ochroleuca and the most closely related taxa AP. hochiensis var. ochroleucaBP. hochiensis var. hochiensisCP. hochiensis var. ovataDP. hochiensis var. rosulata (A, B, D Photographed by Fang Wen; C Photographed by Li-Hua Yang).
Figure 1 from: Ge Y-Z, Xin Z-B, Fu L-F, Chou W-C, Huang Y, Huang Z-J, Maciejewski S, Wen F (2020) Primulina hochiensis var. ochroleuca (Gesneriaceae), a new variety from a limestone area of Guangxi, China, and errata on five new species of Primulina. PhytoKeys 152: 111-120. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.152.50968
Figure 1 Primulina hochiensis var. ochroleucaA habitat B habit C frontal view of corolla D lateral view of corolla E top view of corolla F opened corolla with stamens and staminodes G pistil H calyx lobes I cyme with flowers (Photographed by Fang Wen).
Figure 3 from: Peng T, Pan B, Maciejewski S, Wen F (2020) Primulina flexusa sp. nov. (Gesneriaceae) from Guizhou Province, China. PhytoKeys 159: 61-69. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.159.55386
Figure 3 APrimulina curvitubaBP. tenuituba: 1 cultivated plants in flowering 2 frontal view of corolla 3 lateral view of corolla for showing the curved and straight corolla tube.
Figure 2 from: Peng T, Pan B, Maciejewski S, Wen F (2020) Primulina flexusa sp. nov. (Gesneriaceae) from Guizhou Province, China. PhytoKeys 159: 61-69. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.159.55386
Figure 2 Primulina flexusa sp. nov. A habitat B habitat and flowering plant for showing curved corolla tube C adaxial surfaces of leaves D abaxial surfaces of leaves E cultivated potted plant in flowering F cyme G adaxial surfaces of bract (right) and bracteole H lateral view of corolla for showing curved corolla tube I opened corolla J calyx lobes K pistil L stigma M mature capsule.
Figure 1 from: Peng T, Pan B, Maciejewski S, Wen F (2020) Primulina flexusa sp. nov. (Gesneriaceae) from Guizhou Province, China. PhytoKeys 159: 61-69. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.159.55386
Figure 1 The flowering plants of Primulina flexusa growing in the crevice of limestone hill (type locality): A–D flowering plants from different aspects.
Figure 1 from: Liu K, Meng D-C, Huang Z-J, Maciejewski S, Xin Z-B (2020) Primulina jiuyishanica (Gesneriaceae), a new species from Hunan, China. PhytoKeys 162: 37-44. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.162.53763
Figure 1 Primulina jiuyishanicaA habitat B–C habit with flowers D cultivated plant E opened corolla F (1) adaxial surfaces of calyx lobes (2) abaxial surfaces of calyx lobes G inflorescence H bracts I inflorescence after the corolla shedding J dissected ovary, disc and pedicel K stamens L abaxial and adaxial surfaces of leaf blades (Photographed by Fang Wen).
Figure 2 from: Liu K, Meng D-C, Huang Z-J, Maciejewski S, Xin Z-B (2020) Primulina jiuyishanica (Gesneriaceae), a new species from Hunan, China. PhytoKeys 162: 37-44. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.162.53763
Figure 2 Primulina fimbrisepala (A–G) A habitat B habit in wild with flowers C inflorescence D two distinct long longitudinal ridges on the corolla tube floor E opened corolla F stamens G bracts. (A–B: Photographed by Xiao-Ning You; C–G: Photographed by De-Chang Meng).
Data from: Local genetic structure in the critically endangered, cave-associated perennial herb Primulina tabacum (Gesneriaceae)
The local spatial genetic structures of cave-associated plants are seldom studied. Given that these plants are mainly confined to small areas in and around the entrances of caves, we hypothesized that they might lack genetic structures at local scales. To test this hypothesis, we sampled two large populations (named D and T) of a critically endangered perennial herb, Primulina tabacum, which is endemic to karst caves in southern China. We analysed nine microsatellite loci and sequenced four chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) intergenic spacer regions to study the genetic diversity and structure within and between both populations. Both populations have distinct genetic characteristics. Samples from two subpopulations in population D showed considerable genetic divergence. This is not consistent with the hypothesis that P. tabacum has a weak genetic structure at a local scale. However, 94% of the individuals in population T shared the same multilocus genotype, which indicates little genetic structure within this population. The contributions of seed flow, pollen flow and (sub)population history to the genetic diversity and structure in each and both populations are discussed. Our study is the first to investigate local genetic diversity and structure in a cave-associated plant, and provides valuable information for the sustainable conservation of such species.
Data from: Speciation history of a species complex of Primulina eburnea (Gesneriaceae) from limestone karsts of south China, a biodiversity hotspot
Limestone karsts in southern China are characterized by high edaphic and topographic heterogeneity and host high levels of species richness and endemism. However, the evolutionary mechanisms for generating such biodiversity remain poorly understood. Here, we performed species delimitation, population genetic analyses, simulations of gene flow, and analyses of floral morphological traits to infer the geographic history of speciation in a species complex of Primulina eburnea from limestone karsts of south China. Using Bayesian species delimitation, we determined that there are seven distinct species that correspond well to the putative morphological species. Species-tree reconstruction, Structure and Neighbour-Net analyses all recovered four lineages in agreement with currently species geographic boundaries. High levels of genetic differentiation were observed both within and among species. Isolation–migration coalescent analysis provides evidence for significant but low gene flow among species. Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) analysis supports a scenario of historical gene flow rather than recent contemporary gene flow for most species divergences. Finally, we found no evidence of divergent selection contributing to population differentiation of a suite of flower traits. These results support the prevalence of allopatric speciation and highlight the role of geographic isolation in the diversification process. At small geographic scales, limited hybridization occurred in the past between proximate populations but did not eliminate species boundaries. We conclude that limited gene flow might have been the predominant evolutionary force in promoting population differentiation and speciation.
Data from: Comparative transcriptome resources of eleven Primulina species, a group of "stone plants" from a biodiversity hotspot
The genus Primulina is an emerging model system in studying the drivers and mechanisms of species diversification, for its high species richness and endemism, together with high degree of habitat specialization. In this study, we sequenced transcriptomes for eleven Primulina species across the phylogeny of the genus using the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. A total of 336 million clean reads were processed into 355 573 unigenes with a mean length of 1336 bp and an N50 value of 2191 bp after pooling and reassembling twelve individual pre-assembled unigene sets. Of these unigenes, 249 973 (70%) were successfully annotated and 256 601 (72%) were identified as coding sequences (CDSs). We identified a total of 38 279 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and 367 123 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Marker validation assay revealed that 354 (27.3%) of the 1296 SSR and 795 (39.6%) of the 2008 SNP loci showed successful genotyping performance and exhibited expected polymorphism profiles. We screened 834 putative single-copy nuclear genes and proved their high effectiveness in phylogeny construction and estimation of ancestral population parameters. We identified a total of 85 candidate orthologs under positive selection for 46 of the 66 species pairs. This study provided an efficient application of RNA-seq in development of genomic resources for a group of 'stone plants' from south China Karst regions, a biodiversity hot spot of the World. The assembled unigenes with annotations and the massive gene-associated molecular markers would help guide further molecular systematic, population genetic and ecological genomics studies in Primulina and its relatives.
Figure 2 from: Zhang J-Q, Huang H, Li M-J, Huang M, Li Q-Y, Zhou Y-L, Chen Y, Wen F, Bai X-X (2021) Primulina silaniae sp. nov. (Gesneriaceae) from the limestone area of Guizhou Province, China. PhytoKeys 185: 123-130. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.185.72099
Figure 2 Primulina silaniae X.X.Bai & F.Wen, sp. nov. A, B habitat C front view of flower D, E oblique side view of flowers F plant G adaxial (left two) and abaxial (right two) surfaces of leaves H corolla I partial, enlarged leaf J partial, enlarged corolla tube K stamen L coherent anthers M dissected calyx lobes N lower distal part of corolla O pistil, pedicel and calyx with sepals removed P, Q dehisced and immature fruits. Photographs by Xin-Xiang Bai.
Figure 1 from: Zhang J-Q, Huang H, Li M-J, Huang M, Li Q-Y, Zhou Y-L, Chen Y, Wen F, Bai X-X (2021) Primulina silaniae sp. nov. (Gesneriaceae) from the limestone area of Guizhou Province, China. PhytoKeys 185: 123-130. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.185.72099
Figure 1 Primulina silaniae X.X.Bai & F.Wen, sp. nov. A habit B adaxial (left) and abaxial (right) surfaces of leaves C flowering cyme D young capsules E dissected calyx lobes F half opened corolla cover, showing stamens G stamens with cohering anthers. Drawn by Yi Chen from the holotype.
Figure 2 from: Vu NL, Nguyen TQT, Tran G, Nguyen QD, Luu HT (2021) Primulina scutellifolia, a new species of Gesneriaceae from southern Vietnam. PhytoKeys 187: 15-21. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.187.77856
Figure 2 Primulina annamensisA habit B stigma C leaf blade, adaxial surface D leaf blade, abaxial surface.
Figure 1 from: Vu NL, Nguyen TQT, Tran G, Nguyen QD, Luu HT (2021) Primulina scutellifolia, a new species of Gesneriaceae from southern Vietnam. PhytoKeys 187: 15-21. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.187.77856
Figure 1 Primulina scutellifoliaA, B habit C inflorescence D leaf blade E leaf blade, abaxial surface F petiole G flower, longitudinal dissection H corolla, abaxial lip I staminodes J anthers K opened anther L stigma M opened fruit N calyx lobes, abaxial surface O calyx lobes, adaxial surface P fruit, cross section Q seeds.
Figure 4 from: Yang L-H, Chen J-L, Wen F, Kang M (2018) Primulina malipoensis (Gesneriaceae), a new species from southeastern Yunnan, China. In: Jin X-H, Shui Y-M, Tan Y-H, Kang M (Eds) Plant diversity in Southeast Asia. PhytoKeys 94: 107-116. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.94.20861
Figure 4 Geographical distribution of Primulina malipoensis (triangle), P. lungzhouensis (cross), P. maguanensis (dot), P. maculata (pentagon), P. beiliuensis var. beiliuensis (square) and P. beiliuensis var. fimbribracteata (star).
Figure 3 from: Yang L-H, Chen J-L, Wen F, Kang M (2018) Primulina malipoensis (Gesneriaceae), a new species from southeastern Yunnan, China. In: Jin X-H, Shui Y-M, Tan Y-H, Kang M (Eds) Plant diversity in Southeast Asia. PhytoKeys 94: 107-116. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.94.20861
Figure 3 Primulina maguanensis (A, B), P. lungzhouensis (D, E), P. beiliuensis var. fimbribracteata (C, F), P. beiliuensis var. beiliuensis (G, H) and P. maculata (I, J). (A, C, D, G, J) habit, (B, E, F, H, I) flower. Photographs by Fang Wen (A–H) and Li-Hua Yang (I, J).
Figure 2 from: Yang L-H, Chen J-L, Wen F, Kang M (2018) Primulina malipoensis (Gesneriaceae), a new species from southeastern Yunnan, China. In: Jin X-H, Shui Y-M, Tan Y-H, Kang M (Eds) Plant diversity in Southeast Asia. PhytoKeys 94: 107-116. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.94.20861
Figure 2 Primulina malipoensis. A flowering plant cultivated in South China Botanical Garden B plant in natural habitat C flower in side view D opened corolla, showing stamens and staminodes E flower in front view F pistil and calyx G bracts. Photographs by Li-Hua Yang.
Figure 1 from: Yang L-H, Chen J-L, Wen F, Kang M (2018) Primulina malipoensis (Gesneriaceae), a new species from southeastern Yunnan, China. In: Jin X-H, Shui Y-M, Tan Y-H, Kang M (Eds) Plant diversity in Southeast Asia. PhytoKeys 94: 107-116. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.94.20861
Figure 1 Primulina malipoensis. A habit B flower in front view C flower in side view D opened corolla, showing stamens and staminodes E fertile stamens F pistil and stigma G staminodes H bract. Drawn by Yun-Xiao Liu based on a cultivated individual collected from type locality.
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