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112 results for “Rhinoceros”
FIGURES 2–9 in Geoparnus rhinoceros sp. nov., a new edaphic dryopid with unusual sexual dimorphism (Coleoptera: Dryopidae)
FIGURES 2–9. Geoparnus rhinoceros sp. nov., 2) male head, dorsal view; 3) male head, lateral view; 4) pronotum, dorsal view; 5) hypomeron and part of prosternum, ventral view; 6) prothorax, ventral view; 7) meso- and metathorax, ventral view; 8) detail of flat-bottomed punctures with stiff setae, ventral view; 9) detail of stiff seta, lateral view.
FIGURES 10–14 in Geoparnus rhinoceros sp. nov., a new edaphic dryopid with unusual sexual dimorphism (Coleoptera: Dryopidae)
FIGURES 10–14. Geoparnus rhinoceros sp. nov.; 10) elytron, lateral view; 11) male protibia, lateral view; 12) abdomen in male, ventral view; 13) fifth ventrite in male, ventral view; 14) fifth ventrite in female, ventral view.
FIG. 5. Copiphora rhinoceros. A in Katydids of Costa Rica / Vol. 1, Systematics and bioacoustics of the cone-head katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae sensu lato).
FIG. 5. Copiphora rhinoceros. A. male - habitus, B. male face, C. male head and pronotum, dorsal view, D. titillators, posterior view (everted), E. male cerci, posterior view, F. male cerci, dorsal view.
Figure 4. Gyrostigma rhinocerontis, first instar larva. A in Three-dimensional characterization of first instar horse and rhinoceros stomach bot fly larvae (Oestridae: Gasterophilinae: Gasterophilus, Gyrostigma): novel morphology and evolutionary implications
Figure 4. Gyrostigma rhinocerontis, first instar larva. A, habitus, ventral view. B, pseudocephalon and thoracic segments, ventral view. C, magnification of pseudocephalon and thoracic segments in ventral view, with depth coding. D, anal division, ventral view. E, pseudocephalon and thoracic segments, right lateral view. Scale bars: A, D = 100 µm; B–C, E = 50 µm. Abbreviations: aI–aVII, abdominal segments I–VII; adI–adIII, subdivisions I, II and III of anal division; is, intermediate sclerite; lb, labrum; mh, mouthhook; pb, parastomal bar; pc, pseudocephalon; tI–tIII, thoracic segments I–III.
Figure 3 in Three-dimensional characterization of first instar horse and rhinoceros stomach bot fly larvae (Oestridae: Gasterophilinae: Gasterophilus, Gyrostigma): novel morphology and evolutionary implications
Figure 3. Gasterophilus pecorum, first instar larva, ultrastructural details on thoracic (A–F) and abdominal (G) segments and anal division (H–M). A, anterior end, dorsal view. B, trichoid sensillum I and II, and a pit. C, a trichoid sensillum I and a pit. D, Keilin's organ. E, a trichoid sensillum I and Keilin's organ. F, body spines on third thoracic segment. G, body spines on first abdominal segment. H, arrangement of coeloconic and trichoid sensilla on dorsal (top) and ventral (bottom) surface of anal subdivision II. I, a coeloconic sensillum IV on anal subdivision II. J, a trichoid sensillum I and a coeloconic sensillum IV on anal sudivision II. K, posterior spiracles, posterior view. L, left posterior spiracle. M, serrated margins of a posterior spiracular slit, with the the pores shown in the box. Scale bars: A = 20 µm; B, D, J = 2.5 µm; C, M = 2 µm, 0.5 µm in the box; E, L = 5 µm; F–G = 25 µm; H = 15 µm; I–J = 1.5 µm; K = 30 µm. Abbreviations: adII, subdivision II of anal division; Ko, Keilin's organ; scIV, sensillum coeloconica IV; p, pit; TrI–II, trichoid sensillum I–II.
Figure 1. Gasterophilus pecorum, first instar larva. A in Three-dimensional characterization of first instar horse and rhinoceros stomach bot fly larvae (Oestridae: Gasterophilinae: Gasterophilus, Gyrostigma): novel morphology and evolutionary implications
Figure 1. Gasterophilus pecorum, first instar larva. A, habitus, ventral view. B, pseudocephalon and thoracic segments, dorsal view. C, E, pseudocephalon and thoracic segments, ventral view, with cephaloskeleton emphasized in E. D, F, pseudocephalon and thoracic segments, right lateral view, with depth coding; mouthhooks and labrum exposed in F. G, anal division, dorsal view. Scale bars: A = 100 µm; B–G = 50 µm. Abbreviations: aI–aVII, abdominal segments I–VII; adI– adIII, subdivisions I, II and III of anal division; dc, dorsal cornua; is, intermediate sclerite; lb, labrum; mh, mouthhook; pb, parastomal bar; pc, pseudocephalon; tI–tIII, thoracic segments I–III.
Figure 5 in Three-dimensional characterization of first instar horse and rhinoceros stomach bot fly larvae (Oestridae: Gasterophilinae: Gasterophilus, Gyrostigma): novel morphology and evolutionary implications
Figure 5. Gyrostigma rhinocerontis, first instar larva, ultrastructural details. A, habitus, ventral view. B, anterior end, ventral view. C, pseudocephalon, ventral view. D, pseudocephalon, anterior view. E, antennomaxillary sensory complex. F, mouthhooks, labrum and arrangement of the denticles. G, three thoracic segments, ventral view, showing arrangement of Keilin's organs and trichoid sensilla I. H, abdominal segments, ventral view. Scale bars: A = 0.3 mm; B = 68 µm; C, G–H = 20 µm; D = 19 µm; E–F = 10 µm. Abbreviations: aI–aVII, abdominal segments I–VII; adI–adIII, subdivisions I, II and III of anal division; and, antennal dome; ap, additional pit; asI–III, additional sensillum coeloconicum I–III; den, denticles; Ko, Keilin's organ; mp, maxillary palp; pc, pseudocephalon; sbI–II, sensilla basiconica I–II; scI–IV, sensilla coeloconica I–IV; tI–tIII, thoracic segments I–III; TrI, trichoid sensillum I.
Figure 7 in Three-dimensional characterization of first instar horse and rhinoceros stomach bot fly larvae (Oestridae: Gasterophilinae: Gasterophilus, Gyrostigma): novel morphology and evolutionary implications
Figure 7. Ancestral state reconstruction of the shape of first instar mouthhooks in Oestridae based on parsimony. Cladogram used for reconstruction follows Pape (2001, 2006).
Figure 6 in Three-dimensional characterization of first instar horse and rhinoceros stomach bot fly larvae (Oestridae: Gasterophilinae: Gasterophilus, Gyrostigma): novel morphology and evolutionary implications
Figure 6. Gyrostigma rhinocerontis, first instar larva, ultrastructural details of thoracic segments (A–C) and anal division (D–H). A, a trichoid sensillum I. B, a pair of Keilin's organs. C, a trichoid sensillum I and a Keilin's organ. D, posterior spiracles, dorsolateral view. E, coeloconic sensilla IV and a trichoid sensillum I on ventral side of anal subdivision II. F, posterior spiracles, ventral view. G, posterior spiracles, dorsal view. H, a coeloconic sensillum IV and a trichoid sensillum I. I, a coeloconic sensillum IV. Scale bars: A = 2 µm; B–C = 10 µm; D, G = 75 µm; E–F = 10 µm; H = 2.5 µm; I = 1 µm. Abbreviations: adI–adII, subdivisions I and II of anal division; Ko, Keilin's organ; scIV, sensilla coeloconica IV; TrI, trichoid sensillum I.
Figure 4 in Recent mitochondrial lineage extinction in the critically endangered Javan rhinoceros
Figure 4. Neighbor-Joining network. The analysis of 14 modern and historical Javan and Indian rhinoceros mitochondrial DNA sequences was conducted using the 'Integer Neighbor-Joining' algorithm implemented in POPART. We used the partial D-loop region of 413 bp to maximize the number of available Javan rhino samples. 'Javan_annamiticus' represents the recently extinct (since 2010) Vietnamese subspecies Rhinoceros sondaicus annamiticus. Each circle represents a certain haplotype; smaller black circles indicate median vectors. Small black lines connecting branches between the haplotypes denote the number of mutation steps separating the haplotypes. Sample identities and regions of origin for the Javan rhinoceros samples are indicated next to each circle. Numbers in the legend indicate the number of sequences in each group.
Figure 3 in Recent mitochondrial lineage extinction in the critically endangered Javan rhinoceros
Figure 3. Bayesian phylogeny of the historical Javan rhinoceros mitochondrial DNA lineages, using the Indian rhino (Rhinoceros unicornis; GenBank ID: X97336) as the outgroup and including the partial (7606-bp-long) mitogenome of the Javan rhino sample collected in Bhutan (JR524). The blue bars represent the 95% highest posterior density (HPD) intervals of the divergence times. Node labels in bold show the Bayesian posterior probability (PP) values for the major clades. All specimens in the blue clade originated from Indonesia (apart from JR27, which has largely unknown 'Calcutta?' label) and are clearly divergent from the Bhutanese sample.
Figure 1 in Recent mitochondrial lineage extinction in the critically endangered Javan rhinoceros
Figure 1. Map of Javan rhino distribution in Southeast Asia, showing their approximate historical (yellow) and current (red) distribution (Fernando et al., 2006; Groves & Leslie, 2011). The green dots indicate the approximate locations of historical samples used in this study. Two samples with unknown locations are not mentioned on the plot (Table 1).
Figure 2 in Recent mitochondrial lineage extinction in the critically endangered Javan rhinoceros
Figure 2. Bayesian phylogeny of all available (N = 36) rhino whole mitochondrial DNA sequences (published + new sequences from this study). Two Equus mitochondrial DNA sequences were included as the outgroup. The blue bars represent the 95% highest posterior density (HPD) intervals of the divergence times. All branches within a species level have been collapsed to improve readability. Node labels in bold show the Bayesian posterior probability (PP) values for two nodes; the rest of the nodes had PP values of one. Geological time scale abbreviations: Q, Quaternary; Ple, Pleistocene; Pli, Pliocene. Extinct rhino lineages are shown with daggers after species names.
Figure 4 in A new rhinoceros clade from the Pleistocene of Asia sheds light on mammal dispersals to the Philippines
Figure 4. Ancestral biogeographical ranges of Rhinocerotinae, as calculated using BioGeoBEARS package in R (Matzke, 2013; Massana et al., 2015) and mapped on the phylogeny retrieved in Figure 3. Spatial ranges of all terminal taxa included in the phylogenetic and biogeographical analyses were split into eight domains, likely to coalesce: Americas (R), Afro-Arabia (A), Europe + Mediterranean (E), Central Asia (C), South and South-East Asia (M), Indonesia (S), Taiwan (T), Philippines (P).
Figure 3 in A new rhinoceros clade from the Pleistocene of Asia sheds light on mammal dispersals to the Philippines
Figure 3. Dental and postcranial features characterizing the new genus Nesorhinus in the phylogenetic framework as depicted in Figure 2. Red circles denote synapomorphies of Nesorhinus, whilst green and blue circles correspond to diagnostic characters (autapomorphies) of N. philippinensis and of N. hayasakai, respectively. Nesorhinus philippinensis: A, left upper dental series (D1–M1) in occlusal view (II-2014-J1-294, 095, 409, 427); B, left m2–3 in occlusal view (II-2014-J1-405); C, right p3–m1 in labial view (II-2014-J1-451); D, left scapula in lateral view (II-2014-J1-291). Nesorhinus hayasakai: E, left upper dental series (D1–M3) in occlusal view (DGNTU-FV11b; modified from Hayasaka, 1942); F, right m3 in occlusolabial view (HTR-55); G, left m3 in labial view (HTR-91); H, left fragmentary scapula (HTR-1). Completeness of the skeleton of N. philippinensis found at Kalinga (I): preserved elements appear in dark green. Tentative silhouettes of N philippinensis (J) and N. hayasakai (K) are drawn at a same scale, with a shoulder height of 1.26 m for N. philippinensis. See Supporting Information for further details on body size. Scale bar, 5 cm (A–C, E–G) and 10 cm (D, H).
Figure 2 in A new rhinoceros clade from the Pleistocene of Asia sheds light on mammal dispersals to the Philippines
Figure 2. Phylogenetic tree of the Rhinocerotidae, built from 278 unweighted craniomandibular, dental and postcranial characters scored in 30 ceratomorph species, and replaced in their stratigraphical context. Tapirus terrestris (Linnaeus, 1758), Hyrachyus eximius Leidy, 1871, Trigonias osborni and Ronzotherium filholi were used as outgroups. Most-parsimonious tree (length: 1315 steps; CI = 0.2821; RI = 0.4858). Node ages were obtained using the approach of Brusatte et al. (2008), as implemented in the paleotree package (Bapst, 2012) in R 4.0.3 (R Core Team, 2020), with the first splitting event set to 60 Mya. Red star and green diamond indicate the earliest occurrences of Dicerorhinus sensu stricto (13 Mya; Heissig, 1972; Antoine et al., 2013) and Teleoceratina (25 Mya; see Supporting Information, Table S2). Aceini, Aceratheriini; DRc, Dicerorhinus–Rhinoceros clade; Dti, Diceroti; Elinae, Elasmotheriinae; Rti, Rhinoceroti; Telina, Teleoceratina. Recent species names are underlined.
On following pages 3 Greater One-horned Rhmoceros (Rhinoceros unıcomıs) 4 Javan Rhrnooeros (Flhmoceros sondarcusl 5 Sumatran Rhmoceros IDıceromınus sumatrenslsl in Rhinocerotidae
On following pages 3 Greater One-horned Rhmoceros (Rhinoceros unıcomıs) 4 Javan Rhrnooeros (Flhmoceros sondarcusl 5 Sumatran Rhmoceros IDıceromınus sumatrenslsl
FIGURE 29. Anaphidna species. A. A. peruana. B. A. svetlanae. C–D. A. rubricorpus. E. A. lankesteri. F. A. rhinoceros. G. A. mexicana. H. A. obrieni. I. A. gracielae. J. A. silvai. K. A. quirozi. A–D, F–I in The tribe Dysoniini part VI: Phylogeny, biogeography and evolutionary trends of the lichen katydid genera (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae). Eleventh contribution to the suprageneric organization of Neotropical phaneropterines
FIGURE 29. Anaphidna species. A. A. peruana. B. A. svetlanae. C–D. A. rubricorpus. E. A. lankesteri. F. A. rhinoceros. G. A. mexicana. H. A. obrieni. I. A. gracielae. J. A. silvai. K. A. quirozi. A–D, F–I. Denticles of upper rostral crest from side.C. Habitus in lateral view. E, J, K. Head and pronotum in lateral view.
Raw data for standardization of phenolic substrate for serum phenoloxidase from the grub of Oryctes rhinoceros
<p>The raw data consists of absorption maxima and time course of phenoloxidase activity of serum tested with each phenolic substrate.</p>
Exploring the behaviors and social preferences of a large, multi-generational herd of zoo-housed southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum), 2020–2021
<p><span>The zoo-housed southern white rhinoceros (SWR) population is of special concern due to their lack of consistent breeding success. An enhanced understanding of SWR social preferences could better inform management planning by promoting natural social relationships, which can positively affect their well-being. The large, multigeneration herd housed at the North Carolina Zoo provides an ideal opportunity to examine rhino sociality across different ages, kin types, and social groupings. </span><span>Eight female rhinos' social and nonsocial behaviors were recorded from November 2020 through June 2021 across 242 hours. Activity budget analyses revealed strong seasonal and temporal variations in grazing and resting behaviors, with no stereotypic behaviors recorded. Bond strength calculations suggested that each female maintained strong social bonds with one to two partners. Beyond mother-nursing calf bonds, we found that the strongest social ties were maintained between calf-less adults and subadults in these dyads.</span> <span>Considering these findings, we recommend that management plans attempt to house immature females with calf-less adult females, as they may be necessary to the social landscape of immature females and, ultimately, improve their welfare.</span></p>
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