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239 results for “Sierra Nevada”
Linked collectors and determiners for: A new species of the catfish genus Cordylancistrus (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "A new species of the catfish genus Cordylancistrus (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/0351a42c-4cf5-412b-b229-3708f32cbb85">https://bionomia.net/dataset/0351a42c-4cf5-412b-b229-3708f32cbb85</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/0351a42c-4cf5-412b-b229-3708f32cbb85">https://gbif.org/dataset/0351a42c-4cf5-412b-b229-3708f32cbb85</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Linked collectors and determiners for: Cosumnoperla Sequoia, A New Species Of Stonefly From The Sierra Nevada, California (Plecoptera: Perlodidae: Isoperlinae).
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Cosumnoperla Sequoia, A New Species Of Stonefly From The Sierra Nevada, California (Plecoptera: Perlodidae: Isoperlinae)". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/11a4efe9-83ec-450e-9361-9657cfe342bd">https://bionomia.net/dataset/11a4efe9-83ec-450e-9361-9657cfe342bd</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/11a4efe9-83ec-450e-9361-9657cfe342bd">https://gbif.org/dataset/11a4efe9-83ec-450e-9361-9657cfe342bd</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Figures 8–9 in Variation and pigmentation in the milliped, Xystocheir brachymacris Shelley, 1996, from the northern Sierra Nevada foothills, California, USA (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae: Xystocheirini)
Figures 8–9. Broad environmental views of the riparian, mixed alder/conifer habitat at the Placer Co. X. brachymacris locality. 8) Side view showing sample area (arrow) on level ground above slope to Pagge Creek. 9) View looking up Pagge Creek with collecting area at right edge of photo.
Figure 10 in Variation and pigmentation in the milliped, Xystocheir brachymacris Shelley, 1996, from the northern Sierra Nevada foothills, California, USA (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae: Xystocheirini)
Figure 10. Distribution of Xystocheir. Dots, X. brachymacris. Triangle, denoted by the arrow, X. bistipita Shelley, 2006, the allopatric species in San Luis Obispo Co.
Figures 2–7 in Variation and pigmentation in the milliped, Xystocheir brachymacris Shelley, 1996, from the northern Sierra Nevada foothills, California, USA (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae: Xystocheirini)
Figures 2–7. Genitalia of X. brachymacris. 2–4). Male from Placer Co. 2) Telopodite of left gonopod, medial view. 3) The same, lateral view. 4) The same, anteriomedial view. 5–6) El Dorado Co. male. 5) Left gonopod, medial view. 6) Telopodite of the same, lateral view. 7) Cyphopod of El Dorado Co. female. B, process "B"; CV, caudal valve; O, operculum; pfp, prefemoral process; R, receptacle; S, solenomere. Figures 5–7 reproduced from Shelley (1996, fig. 39–41) with permission of NRC Research Press.
HeadwaterstreamSNevada: data on riparian vegetation and water parameters of headwater streams in Sierra Nevada, Spain
<p>Providing historical data on riparian plant biodiversity and physico-chemical parameters of stream water in Mediterranean mountains helps to assess the effects of climate change and other human stressors on these sensitive and critical ecosystems. This database collects data from the main natural headwater streams of the Sierra Nevada (southeastern Spain), a high mountain (up to 3,479 meters above sea level, m.a.s.l.) recognized as a biodiversity super hotspot (Arroyo et al., 2022) in the Mediterranean Basin. On this mountain, rivers and landscapes depend on snowmelt water, representing an excellent scenario for evaluating global change's impacts. This dataset covers first- to third-order headwater streams at 41 sites from 832 to 1,997 m.a.s.l., collected from December 2006 to July 2007. Our goal is to supply information on the vegetation associated with streambanks, the essential physico-chemical parameters of stream water, and the physiographic features of the subwatersheds. Riparian vegetation data correspond to six plots sampled at each site, including total canopy, individual number, height and DBH (diameter at breast height) in woody species, and cover percentage for herbs. Physico-chemical parameters were measured in situ (electric conductivity, pH, dissolved O2 concentration, stream discharge) and determined in the laboratory [alkalinity, soluble reactive phosphate-phosphorus (SRP), total phosphorus (TP), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-–N), ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+–N), total nitrogen (TN)]. Watershed physiographic variables comprise drainage area, minimum altitude, maximum altitude, mean slope, orientation, stream order, stream length, and land cover surface percentage. We recorded 197 plant taxa (67 species, 28 subspecies and 2 hybrids), representing 8.4% of the Sierra Nevada vascular flora. Due to the botanical nomenclature used, the database can be linked to FloraSNevada database (Lorite et al., 2020), contributing to Sierra Nevada (Spain) as a laboratory of global processes.</p> <p>For more information about the data, see the metadata document (Metadata_HeadwaterstreamSNevada.docx).</p>
Characterizing ground and surface fuels across Sierra Nevada forests shortly after the 2012–2016 drought
<p>These files include the main processed data and R script used in the analysis for the publication <strong>Characterizing ground and surface fuels across Sierra Nevada forests </strong><strong>shortly after the 2012</strong>–<strong>2016 drought </strong>accepted in the journal Forest Ecology and Management.</p> <p><strong>Abtract</strong></p> <p>The 2012–2016 hotter drought in the Sierra Nevada, California, USA led to the mortality of millions of trees. This disruption to the disturbance regime is an example of how climate extremes can exacerbate current and future wildfire risks. In this study, we used data from an extensive network of forest plots across 13 different sites in the Sierra Nevada to characterize ground (i.e., duff) and surface fuels and their potential drivers shortly after the drought (2016–2018), but before snag (standing dead tree) fall associated with this massive tree mortality event occurred. Overall, we found high biomass of fuels for most sites (138.2 ± 21.7 Mg ha-1, Mean ± 95% CI), especially in areas lacking recent fire or active management, with values up to five times higher than estimates for pre-settlement conditions for mixed-conifer forests in the region. Four major groups of forest overstory structure were identified with some distinct fuel characteristics. These ranged from a cluster of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex Lawson)-dominated plots with the highest density of snags, lowest live tree basal area, and lowest total ground and surface fuel biomass (mean = 90.1 Mg ha-1) to a group of giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum (Lindl.) J. Buchholz)-dominated plots with the highest live tree basal area and highest total fuel biomass (mean = 547.6 Mg ha-1). Although we found relatively weak relationships between forest characteristics and fuel loads, their inclusion in a model selection framework that also considered biophysical variables and disturbance history explained more than 80% of the observed variation in litter + fine woody debris loads. The baseline fuel conditions described here will not only inform the management of drought-impacted forests in the Sierra Nevada, but also help identify key drivers of fuel succession in a changing environment. </p>
"The sound comes from a meadow in the Sierra Nevada Mountains in California. The meadow is at an elevation of 2400 meters near a mountain named Olancha Peak, which is 3700 meters in altitude. Ihave a group of friends with which Ibackpack (trek) into the mountains. Our goal was to spend some time in the mountains and hike to the top of Olancha Peak (…) By the time we reached the meadow, we were in a forest and there was still snow on the ground in some places. We took the trip in June of 2006. The Sierra Nevada Mountains are a large mountain range. Much of the range is protected by national parks or preserved areas we call 'wilderness areas' (…) Ihave been backpacking for nearly 40 years and Iwill hopefully continue with this challenging activity for 40 years more! Many of my friends are much younger than Iam and it gives me much satisfaction to be able to have as much or more stamina for this activity than they have! When we are on these trips, we hike up peaks, catch fish, drink some whiskey around campfires and enjoy our time in the beautiful solitude. My memories of this trip were of the steep, hot hike from the desert to the cool meadow; the overall beauty of the nature, the absolute solitude of our campsite near the meadow; the strenuous hike to the top of Olancha Peak; the camaraderie of my friends; and, of course the sound of the frogs in the meadow. The frog sounds were astounding to me and Iwould listen in awe of the creature's instinctual desire to reproduce and continue the existence of their kind. Surely there were different species in the meadow for some of the frog sounds were different than others. The sounds only occurred after the Sun went down for the evening. Istood next to the creek in the meadow and recorded the sounds using my digital camera." [Peter/plentz1960]16 in Collecting Sounds. Online Sharing of Field Recordings as Cultural Practice
"The sound comes from a meadow in the Sierra Nevada Mountains in California. The meadow is at an elevation of 2400 meters near a mountain named Olancha Peak, which is 3700 meters in altitude. Ihave a group of friends with which Ibackpack (trek) into the mountains. Our goal was to spend some time in the mountains and hike to the top of Olancha Peak (…) By the time we reached the meadow, we were in a forest and there was still snow on the ground in some places. We took the trip in June of 2006. The Sierra Nevada Mountains are a large mountain range. Much of the range is protected by national parks or preserved areas we call 'wilderness areas' (…) Ihave been backpacking for nearly 40 years and Iwill hopefully continue with this challenging activity for 40 years more! Many of my friends are much younger than Iam and it gives me much satisfaction to be able to have as much or more stamina for this activity than they have! When we are on these trips, we hike up peaks, catch fish, drink some whiskey around campfires and enjoy our time in the beautiful solitude. My memories of this trip were of the steep, hot hike from the desert to the cool meadow; the overall beauty of the nature, the absolute solitude of our campsite near the meadow; the strenuous hike to the top of Olancha Peak; the camaraderie of my friends; and, of course the sound of the frogs in the meadow. The frog sounds were astounding to me and Iwould listen in awe of the creature's instinctual desire to reproduce and continue the existence of their kind. Surely there were different species in the meadow for some of the frog sounds were different than others. The sounds only occurred after the Sun went down for the evening. Istood next to the creek in the meadow and recorded the sounds using my digital camera." [Peter/plentz1960]16
Fire is associated with positive shifts in bumble bee (Bombus vosnesenskii) body size and bee abundance in the Southern Sierra Nevada Mountains
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Forest restoration and fuels reduction work: Different pathways for achieving success in the Sierra Nevada
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FATES projections of forest structure and composition (1830-2098) at a mixed conifer site in the southern Sierra Nevada
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Data from: Sierra Nevada mountain lake microbial communities are structured by temperature, resources, and geographic location
<p><span>Warming, eutrophication (nutrient fertilization) and brownification (increased loading of allochthonous organic matter) are three global trends impacting lake ecosystems. However, the independent and synergistic effects of resource addition and warming on autotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms are largely unknown. In this study, we investigate the independent and interactive effects of temperature, dissolved organic carbon (DOC, both allochthonous and autochthonous), and nitrogen (N) supply, in addition to the effect of spatial variables, on the composition, richness, and evenness of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbial communities in lakes across elevation and N deposition gradients in the Sierra Nevada mountains of California, USA. We found that both prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities are structured by temperature, terrestrial (allochthonous) DOC and latitude. Prokaryotic communities are also influenced by total and aquatic (autochthonous) DOC, while eukaryotic communities are also structured by nitrate. Additionally, increasing N availability was associated with reduced richness of prokaryotic communities, and both lower richness and evenness of eukaryotes. We did not detect any synergistic or antagonistic effects as there were no interactions among temperature and resource variables. Together, our results suggest that (a) organic and inorganic resources, temperature, and geographic location (based on latitude and longitude) independently influence lake microbial communities; and (b) increasing N supply due to atmospheric N deposition may reduce richness of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbes, likely by reducing niche dimensionality. Our study provides insight into abiotic processes structuring microbial communities across environmental gradients and their potential roles in material and energy fluxes within and between ecosystems.</span></p>
BBN designed to develop future land-use scenarios for the Sierra Nevada under different environmental and management conditions
<p>Land-use change (deforestation for crops and pastures, reforestation, firewood removal, etc.) constitutes one of the primary drivers of global change, since human activity is to a greater or lesser degree altering the vegetation cover of the planet. The combined effects of climate change and shifts in land use determine the distribution and structure of the vegetation of the Sierra Nevada, and the associated ecosystem services. The surface cover of tree formations in Sierra Nevada has expanded from 15% to 51.23% over the last 60 years. Similarly, a densification of the scattered tree cover and the natural forests and a decline in the surface area occupied by cultivated fields (from 17.8% to 4.72%) has occurred in the last six decades (Zamora, et al, 2016). Therefore, it is important to ascertain future land use change and its effects on the vegetation cover. </p><p>The main purpose of this model is to facilitate the land-use management of Protected Areas (PAs) based on ecosystem services (ES). A BBN is being designed to develop future land-use scenarios for the Sierra Nevada under different environmental and management conditions. Afterwards, we will implement these scenarios in other ES assessment models. The analysis of ES trade-offs in several scenarios will help managers to predict the state of ES and their relations in the future.</p>
Data from: Abundance models of endemic birds of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, northern South America, suggest small population sizes and dependence on montane elevations
<p>Abundance measures are almost non-existent for several bird species threatened with extinction, particularly range-restricted Neotropical taxa, for which estimating population sizes can be challenging. Here we use data collected over nine years to explore the abundance of 11 endemic birds from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (SNSM), one of Earth's most irreplaceable ecosystems. We established 99 transects in the "Cuchilla de San Lorenzo" Important Bird Area within native forest, early successional vegetation, and areas of transformed vegetation by human activities. A total of 763 bird counts were carried out covering the entire elevation range in the study area (~175–2650 m). We applied hierarchical distance-sampling models to assess elevation- and habitat-related variation in local abundance and obtain values of population density and total and effective population size. Most species were more abundant in the montane elevational range (1800–2650 m). Habitat-related differences in abundance were only detected for five species, which were more numerous in either early succession, secondary forest, or transformed areas. Inferences of effective population size indicated that at least four endemics likely maintain populations no larger than 15,000–20,000 mature individuals. Estimates of species' area of occupancy and effective population size were lower than most values previously described, a possible consequence of increasing anthropogenic threats. At least four of the endemics exceeded criteria for threatened species listing and a thorough evaluation of their extinction risk should be conducted. Population strongholds for most of the study species were located on the northern and western slopes of the SNSM between 1500–2700 m. We highlight the urgent need for facilitating effective protection of native vegetation in premontane and montane ecosystems to safeguard critical habitats for the SNSM's endemic avifauna. Follow-up studies collecting abundance data across the SNSM are needed to obtain precise range-wide density estimations for all species.</p>
Glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers in the Padul palaeolake record (Sierra Nevada, southern Iberian Peninsula) for the last 36 kyr
<p>This data file contains the total organic carbon (TOC) content and the distribution of isoprenoid and branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (isoGDGTs and brGDGTs, respectively) from the Padul palaeolake record (Padul-15-05 sediment core) covering the last 36-4.7 kyr. BrGDGTs-based indices (MBT'<sub>5ME</sub> and CBT') have been calculated and used for reconstructing paleoenvironmental conditions such as mean annual air temperature (MAAT), mean temperature of Months Above Freezing (MAF) and lake-pH. </p> <p>The identification of the IIIa'' isomer and calculation of the IIIa'' ratio have been used to evaluate the in-situ production in the water column of brGDGTs.</p> <p>The abundance of the isomer of crenarchaeol (%cren') relative to crenarchaeol evaluates the presence of other archaea than aquatic Thaumarchaeota.</p> <p>The composition of the brGDGTs in form of in the Padul palaeolake sedimentary record (triangles). The tetramethylated (Ia-c), pentamethylated (IIa-IIc and IIa'-IIc'), and hexamethylated (IIIa-IIIc and IIIa'-IIIc') brGDGTs are provided in order to compare with data reported from surface sediments of other lakes over the world.</p>
Data from: Tree growth responses to extreme drought after mechanical thinning and prescribed fire in a Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer forest, USA
<p class="MsoNormal">An estimated 128 M trees died during the 2012-2016 California drought, largely in the southern Sierra Nevada Range. Prescribed burning and mechanical thinning are widely used to reduce fuels and restore ecosystem properties, but it is unclear if these treatments improve tree growth and vigor during extreme drought. This study examined tree growth responses after thinning, prescribed burning, and extreme drought at the Teakettle Experimental Forest, a historically frequent fire mixed-conifer forest in the southern Sierra Nevada of California, USA. Mechanical thinning (no thin, understory thin, and overstory thin) and prescribed burning (unburned, fall burning) were implemented in 2000-2001. Using annual growth data from increment cores, over 10,000 mapped and measured trees, and lidar-derived metrics of solar radiation and topographic wetness, we had two primary questions. First, what were the growth responses to thinning and prescribed burning treatments, and did these responses persist during the 2012-2016 drought? Second, what tree-level attributes and environmental conditions influenced growth responses to treatments and drought?</p> <p class="MsoNormal">Thinning increased residual tree growth and that response persisted through extreme drought 10 -15 years after treatments. Growth responses were higher in overstory versus understory thinning, with differences between thinning types more pronounced during drought. Species-specific growth responses were strongest with overstory thinning, with sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana) and incense-cedar (Calocedrus decurrens) having higher growth responses compared to white fir (Abies concolor) and Jeffery pine (Pinus jeffreyi). For individual trees, factors associated with higher growth responses were declining pretreatment growth trend, smaller tree size, and post-treatment low neighborhood basal area. Growth responses were initially not influenced by topography, but topographic wetness became important during extreme drought. Mechanical thinning resulted in durable increases in residual tree growth rates during extreme drought over a decade after thinning occurred, indicating treatment longevity in mitigating drought stress. In contrast, tree growth did not improve after prescribed burning, likely due to fire effects that reduced surface fuels, but had little effect on reducing tree density. Thinning treatments promoted durable growth responses, but focusing on stand-level metrics may ignore important tree-level attributes such as localized competition and topography associated with higher water availability. Mechanical thinning was effective at improving growth in trees that had been experiencing declining growth trends, but was less effective in improving growth responses in large old higher ecological importance.</p>
Isogeochemical characterization of mountain system recharge processes in the Sierra Nevada, California
<p>Mountain System Recharge processes are significant natural recharge pathways in many arid and semi-arid mountainous regions. However, Mountain System Recharge processes are often poorly understood and characterized in hydrologic models. Mountains are the primary water supply source to valley aquifers via lateral groundwater flow from the mountain block (Mountain Block Recharge) and focused recharge from mountain streams contributing to focused Mountain Front Recharge at the piedmont zone. Here, we present a multi-tool isogeochemical approach to characterize mountain flow paths and Mountain System Recharge in the northern Tulare Basin, California. We used groundwater chemistry data to delineate hydrochemical facies and explain the chemical evolution of groundwater from the Sierra Nevada to the Central Valley aquifer. Stable isotopes and radiogenic groundwater tracers validated Mountain System Recharge processes by differentiating focused from diffuse recharge, and estimating apparent groundwater age, respectively. Novel application of End-Member Mixing Analysis (EMMA) using conservative chemical components revealed three Mountain System Recharge end-members: (1) evaporated Ca-HCO<sub>3</sub> water type associated with focused Mountain Front Recharge, (2) non-evaporated Ca-HCO<sub>3</sub> and Na-HCO<sub>3</sub> water types with short residence times associated with shallow Mountain Block Recharge, and (3) Na-HCO<sub>3</sub> groundwater type with long residence time associated with deep Mountain Block Recharge. We quantified the contribution of each Mountain System Recharge process to the valley aquifer by calculating mixing ratios. Our results show that deep Mountain Block Recharge is a significant recharge component, representing 31 to 53 % of the valley groundwater. Greater hydraulic connectivity between the Sierra Nevada and Central Valley has significant implications for parameterizing groundwater flow models. Our framework is useful for understanding Mountain System Recharge processes in other snow-dominated mountain watersheds.</p>
Northern and central Walker Lane horizontal velocities in North America and Sierra Nevada reference frames.
<p>The data in this file contains east and north velocities covering the northern and central sections of the Walker Lane, USA. The velocities were obtained from GPS time series, available at Nevada Geodetic Laboratory (NGL): http://geodesy.unr.edu/NGLStationPages/gpsnetmap/GPSNetMap.html (24 hour final solutions). The position time series were manually screened and corrected for offsets, and a local common-mode filter was applied following the methodology of Kreemer & Blewitt (2021, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-020-01466-5). Velocities in the North America frame were obtained using MIDAS, a robust median trend estimator (Blewitt et al., 2016, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JB012552). Two sets of stations were used to rotate the velocities into the Sierra Nevada frame: CAOV, CAPV, P140, P276, P310 for the northern section and CMBB, P245, P305, P308, P512 for the central section.</p> <p>The file contains the following columns:</p> <ul> <li>sta: station ID</li> <li>lon: longitude of station (decimal degree)</li> <li>lat: latitude of station (decimal degree)</li> <li>ve_NA: east velocity in North America frame (mm/yr)</li> <li>vn_NA: north velocity in North America frame (mm/yr) </li> <li>ve_SN: east velocity in Sierra Nevada frame (mm/yr) </li> <li>vn_SN: north velocity in Sierra Nevada frame (mm/yr) </li> <li>region: denotes whether the set of stations used to rotate the velocities into the Sierra Nevada frame are located in the northern (N) or central (C) Walker Lane</li> <li>sve: east velocity uncertainty (mm/yr)</li> <li> svn: north velocity uncertainty (mm/yr)</li> <li>network: who operates the station</li> </ul>
NDVIs for Sierra Nevada from 1984 to 2019
<p>Collection of NDVI computation</p>
PM_091224_E_Sierra_Nevada
<u>File Name</u>: PM_091224_E_Sierra_Nevada.jpg <br><u>Sublocation</u>: Sierra Nevada <br><u>Location</u>: Sierra Nevada <br><u>Province</u>: Andalucía, Granada <br><u>Country</u>: Spain <br><u>Header</u>: Sierra Nevada; Paisaje montañoso; <br><u>Description</u>: Sierra Nevada Mountain landscape <br><u>Keywords</u>: Andalucía, Cultural heritage, Europe, Granada, Historic site, Landscape, My photography, Nature, Sierra Nevada, Spain, Thematic <br><br><u>Author</u>: Photo: Paul M.R.Maeyaert <br><u>Copyright</u>: Paul M.R. Maeyaert <br>
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