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FIGURE 4 in Delimiting the snapping shrimp Alpheus lobidens De Haan, 1849 (Caridea: Alpheidae) based on morphological and molecular data
FIGURE 4. Bayesian tree of Alpheus lobidens sensu stricto (bold), Alpheus lobidens sensu lato (" ") and other species of Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 and Synalpheus Spence Bate, 1888, based on 16S DNA sequence data. Numbers next to the nodes represent posterior probabilities. Probabilities <80% are not shown. Locality abbreviations: PA, Pará; PE, Pernambuco; BA, Bahia.
FIGURE 7 in Delimiting the snapping shrimp Alpheus lobidens De Haan, 1849 (Caridea: Alpheidae) based on morphological and molecular data
FIGURE 7. Minor cheliped, mesial view (A, C, E) and lateral view (B, D, F): (A–B) Alpheus lobidens De Haan, 1849, male (RMNH PEG 25134); (C–D) Alpheus inopinatus Holthuis & Gottlieb, 1958, male (RMNH.CRUS.D. 18313); (E–F) Alpheus buckupi Almeida, Terossi, Araújo-Silva & Mantelatto, 2013, male (MZUSP 27548) [see Almeida et al. 2013, Fig. 2E, F]. Black arrows indicate tooth on ventrolateral margin of merus; grey arrow indicates transverse U-shaped groove on palm. Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURE 1. Alpheus gallicus n in Description of Alpheus gallicus, a new deep-water snapping shrimp from Galicia Bank, northeastern Atlantic (Malacostraca, Decapoda, Alpheidae)
FIGURE 1. Alpheus gallicus n. sp., holotype male (CL 11.5 mm), OUMNH.ZC.2017-01-0061, from Galicia Bank, NE Atlantic Ocean off western Spain: a, frontal region, dorsal; b, same, lateral; c, telson, dorsal; d, ventromesial carina of first article of antennular peduncle; e, third maxilliped, lateral; f, second pleopod, detail of appendix masculina and appendix interna, anterior (lateral); g, uropod, dorsal.
FIGURE 4 in Morphological and molecular analyses support the amphi-Atlantic distribution and taxonomic status of the snapping shrimp Alpheus intrinsecus Spence Bate, 1888 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae)
FIGURE 4. Phylogenetic tree of Alpheus intrinsecus Spence Bate, 1888 and other species of Alpheus Fabricius, 1798 and Synalpheus Spence Bate, 1888, using the Maximum Likelihood analysis of 16S gene sequences. Numbers are support values for 670 bootstraps; values <50% were not included. Locality abbreviations—BA: Bahia; CS: Caribbean Sea; GMx: Gulf of Mexico; PA: Pará; PE: Pernambuco; SC: Santa Catarina; SP: São Paulo; RJ: Rio de Janeiro.
FIGURE 1. Alpheus intrinsecus Spence Bate, 1888 in Morphological and molecular analyses support the amphi-Atlantic distribution and taxonomic status of the snapping shrimp Alpheus intrinsecus Spence Bate, 1888 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae)
FIGURE 1. Alpheus intrinsecus Spence Bate, 1888, male (A–C, G–J) and ovigerous female (D–F) Malhado Beach, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil (UESC 1571): A, frontal carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; B, frontal carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral view; C, tooth on mesioventral carina of first segment of antennular peduncle, lateral view; D, left mandible, mesial view; E, first maxilla, lateral view; F, second maxilla, lateral view; G, first maxilliped, lateral view; H, second maxilliped, lateral view; I, third maxilliped, lateral view; J, telson and uropods, dorsal view. Scale bars = 1 mm.
Data from: A snapping shrimp has the fastest vision of any aquatic animal
<p>Animals use their sensory systems to sample information from their environments. The physiological properties of sensory systems differ, leading animals to perceive their environments in different ways. For example, eyes have different temporal sampling rates, with faster-sampling eyes able to resolve faster-moving scenes. Eyes can also have different dynamic ranges. For every eye, there is a light level below which vision is unreliable because of an insufficient signal-to-noise ratio and a light level above which the photoreceptors are saturated. Here, we report the eyes of the snapping shrimp <i>Alpheus heterochaelis</i> have a temporal sampling rate of at least 160 Hz, making them the fastest-sampling eyes ever described in an aquatic animal. Fast-sampling eyes help flying animals detect objects moving across their retinas at high angular velocities. <i>A. heterochaelis </i>are fast-moving animals that live in turbid, structurally-complex oyster reefs and their fast-sampling eyes, like those of flying animals, may help them detect objects moving rapidly across their retinas. We also report the eyes of <i>A. heterochaelis </i>have a broad dynamic range that spans conditions from late twilight (~1 lux) to direct sunlight (~100,000 lux), a finding consistent with the circatidal activity patterns of this shallow-dwelling species.</p>
FIGURE 6. Alpheus vanuatu n in On two new deep-water snapping shrimps from the Indo-West Pacific (Decapoda Alpheidae: Alpheus)
FIGURE 6. Alpheus vanuatu n. sp.: a—right (major) cheliped, lateral; b—same, carpus and chela, mesial; c—same, lateral; d—same, distal part of palm and fingers open, lateral; e—same, distal part of merus, mesial; f—dactylus, lateral. Drawn from paratype male, cl 4.5 mm, MNHN-IU-2017-1955, from Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu.
FIGURE 3. Alpheus alaincrosnieri n in On two new deep-water snapping shrimps from the Indo-West Pacific (Decapoda Alpheidae: Alpheus)
FIGURE 3. Alpheus alaincrosnieri n. sp.: a—right (minor) male cheliped, distal part of merus, carpus and chela, lateral; b—left (minor) male cheliped, chela, lateral; c—same, coxa to carpus, lateral; d—same, ischium and merus, ventral; e—left (minor) female cheliped, distal part of merus, carpus and chela, mesial, pollex broken. Drawn from: holotype male, cl 7.6 mm, MNHN-IU-2011-2230 [a]; paratype male, cl 6.5 mm, MNHN-IU-2019-3168 [b–f]; paratype ovigerous female, cl 7.2 mm, MNHN-IU-2019-3168 [e], all off Sepik River, Papua New Guinea.
FIGURE 2. Alpheus alaincrosnieri n in On two new deep-water snapping shrimps from the Indo-West Pacific (Decapoda Alpheidae: Alpheus)
FIGURE 2. Alpheus alaincrosnieri n. sp.: a—left (major) cheliped, distal part of merus, carpus and chela, lateral; b—same, mesial; c—same, chela, lateral; d—same, coxa to carpus, lateral; e—same, chela fingers open, mesial (setae omitted); f—same, lateral (setae omitted). Drawn from: holotype male, cl 7.6 mm, MNHN-IU-2011-2230, off Sepik River, Papua New Guinea [a]; paratype male, cl 7.0 mm, MNHN-2011-3024, off New Ireland, Papua New Guinea [b–f].
FIGURE 1. Alpheus alaincrosnieri n in On two new deep-water snapping shrimps from the Indo-West Pacific (Decapoda Alpheidae: Alpheus)
FIGURE 1. Alpheus alaincrosnieri n. sp.: a—frontal region, dorsal; b—same, lateral; c—telson, dorsal; d—same, posterior margin, dorsal (setae omitted); e—lateral flagellum of antennule, lateral; f—first maxilliped, lateral; g, h—second maxilliped, lateral; i—third maxilliped, lateral; j—appendix masculina and appendix interna of male second pleopod, anterior (lateral); k—uropod, dorsal. Drawn from: paratype male, cl 7.0 mm, MNHN-2011-3024, off New Ireland, Papua New Guinea [a–g, i–k]; non-type ovigerous female, cl 8.5 mm, MNHN-IU-2010-1278, from Mozambique Channel off Madagascar [h].
FIGURE 5. Alpheus vanuatu n in On two new deep-water snapping shrimps from the Indo-West Pacific (Decapoda Alpheidae: Alpheus)
FIGURE 5. Alpheus vanuatu n. sp.: a—frontal region, dorsal; b—same, lateral; c—telson with abnormal number of cuspidate setae, dorsal; d—same, posterior margin, dorsal (setae omitted); e—telson with normal number of cuspidate setae, dorsal; g—third maxilliped, lateral; h—appendix masculina and appendix interna of male second pleopod, anterior (lateral); i—uropod, dorsal. Drawn from paratype male, cl 4.5 mm, MNHN-IU-2017-1955 [a–d, f–i]; paratype female, cl 3.6 mm, MNHN-IU-2017- 1955 [e], both from Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu.
FIGURE 4. Alpheus alaincrosnieri n in On two new deep-water snapping shrimps from the Indo-West Pacific (Decapoda Alpheidae: Alpheus)
FIGURE 4. Alpheus alaincrosnieri n. sp.: a—second pereiopod, lateral; b—same, distal part of merus, carpus and chela, lateral; c—third pereiopod, lateral; d, e—same, dactylus, ventrolateral and mesial views, respectively (propodal setae omitted in d, all setae omitted in e); f—fourth pereiopod, lateral; g—same, dactylus, lateral (all setae omitted); h—fifth pereiopod, lateral. Drawn from: paratype ovigerous female, cl 7.2 mm, MNHN-IU-2019-3168 [a]; holotype male, cl 7.6 mm, MNHN-IU-2011- 2230 [b, h], both off Sepik River, Papua New Guinea; paratype male, cl 7.0 mm, MNHN-2011-3024, off New Ireland, Papua New Guinea [c–f].
FIGURE 8. Alpheus vanuatu n in On two new deep-water snapping shrimps from the Indo-West Pacific (Decapoda Alpheidae: Alpheus)
FIGURE 8. Alpheus vanuatu n. sp.: a—second pereiopod, lateral; b—third pereiopod, lateral; c—same distal part of propodus and dactylus, lateral (slender setae omitted); d—fifth pereiopod, lateral; e—same, propodus and dactylus, mesial. Drawn from paratype male, cl 4.5 mm, MNHN-IU-2017-1955, from Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu.
FIGURE 7. Alpheus vanuatu n in On two new deep-water snapping shrimps from the Indo-West Pacific (Decapoda Alpheidae: Alpheus)
FIGURE 7. Alpheus vanuatu n. sp.: a—left (minor) male cheliped, lateral; b—same, chela, lateral; c—right (minor) female cheliped, lateral; d—same, chela, lateral. Drawn from paratype male, cl 4.5 mm, MNHN-IU-2017-1955 [a, b]; paratype female, cl 3.6 mm, MNHN-IU-2017-1955 [c, d], both from Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu.
FIGURE 3. Alpheus formosus Gibbes, 1850 in First zoeal stage of the snapping shrimps Alpheus formosus Gibbes, 1850 and Alpheus malleator Dana, 1852 (Caridea: Alpheidae), with new characters to the genus
FIGURE 3. Alpheus formosus Gibbes, 1850 (B, C, G, H) and Alpheus malleator Dana, 1852 (A, D–F). Zoea I. Light microscopy (A), Scanning electron microscopy (B–H). A–F. Simple dorsal setae on the pleon (white arrows). G–H. Denticles (black arrows) and spines (black arrowheads) in the posterior margin of the telson. Scale bars: A. 100 µm; B–D, F–H. 10 µm; E. 20 µm.
FIGURE 2. Alpheus malleator Dana, 1852. Zoea I. A in First zoeal stage of the snapping shrimps Alpheus formosus Gibbes, 1850 and Alpheus malleator Dana, 1852 (Caridea: Alpheidae), with new characters to the genus
FIGURE 2. Alpheus malleator Dana, 1852. Zoea I. A. Lateral view; B. Carapace; C. Left antennule; D. Left antenna; E. Left maxillule; F. Left maxilla; G. Left first maxilliped; H. Left second maxilliped; I. Left third maxilliped; J. Left first pereopod; K. Pleon, lateral view; L. Fourth somite of pleon, lateral view; M. Telson, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, L, K. 0.15mm; B–D, G–J, M. 0.07 mm; E, F. 0.04 mm.
FIGURE 1. Alpheus formosus Gibbes, 1850. Zoea I. A in First zoeal stage of the snapping shrimps Alpheus formosus Gibbes, 1850 and Alpheus malleator Dana, 1852 (Caridea: Alpheidae), with new characters to the genus
FIGURE 1. Alpheus formosus Gibbes, 1850. Zoea I. A. Lateral view; B. Carapace; C. Left antennule; D. Left antenna; E. Left maxillule; F. Left maxilla; G. Left first maxilliped; H. Left second maxilliped; I. Left third maxilliped; J. Left first pereopod; K. Pleon, lateral view; L. Third somite of pleon, lateral view; M. Telson, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, L, K. 0.15mm; B–D, G–J, M. 0.07 mm; E, F. 0.04 mm.
Data from: Social control of reproduction and breeding monopolization in the eusocial snapping shrimp Synalpheus elizabethae
Understanding why individuals within altruistic societies forego reproduction to raise others' offspring has fascinated scientists since Darwin. Although worker polymorphism is thought to have evolved only in sterile workers, worker subcastes appear to be common among social invertebrates and vertebrates. We asked whether sterility accompanies eusociality and morphological differentiation in snapping shrimps (Synalpheus) - the only known marine eusocial group. We show that workers in S. elizabethae are reproductively totipotent, and that female — but not male — gonadal development and mating are mediated by the presence of a queen, apparently without physical aggression. In queenless experimental colonies, a single immature female worker typically became ovigerous, and no female workers matured in colonies with a resident queen. Thus, eusocial shrimp workers retain reproductive totipotency despite signs of morphological specialization. The failure of most female workers to mature is instead facultative and mediated by the presence of the queen, ensuring her reproductive monopoly.
FIGURE 6. Alpheus christofferseni n in Three transisthmian snapping shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae: Alpheus) associated with innkeeper worms (Echiura: Thalassematidae) in Panama
FIGURE 6. Alpheus christofferseni n. sp., male from Bocas del Toro, Panama (USNM 1100667): a, second pereiopod, lateral view; b, third pereiopod, lateral view; c, fifth pereiopod, lateral view; d, same, propodus and dactylus, ventral view; e, appendix masculina and appendix interna of second pleopod. Scale bars: 1 mm.
FIGURE 5. Alpheus christofferseni n in Three transisthmian snapping shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae: Alpheus) associated with innkeeper worms (Echiura: Thalassematidae) in Panama
FIGURE 5. Alpheus christofferseni n. sp., male from Bocas del Toro, Panama (USNM 1100667): a, major cheliped, mesial view; b, same, distal merus, carpus and chela, lateral view; c, same, dactylus plunger, lateral view; d, minor cheliped, lateral view; e, same, distal merus, carpus and chela, mesial view. Scale bars: 1 mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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OpenNeuro
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