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141 results for “Specific risk”
Sex‐specific effects of predation risk on parental care in a sexually dichromatic Neotropical songbird
<p>Predation risk affects a broad range of bird behaviours, especially parental care. The adaptive behavioural changes presented by both parents, however, may differ according to different levels of predation risk suffered by each sex. This is especially prominent in sexually dichromatic species, where one of the sexes is more visually conspicuous and hence vulnerable to increased nest predation risk during nest visits. Here, we experimentally investigated how predation risk affects the parental behaviour of a sexually dichromatic Neotropical passerine, the blue-black grassquit (Volatinia jacarina). We used playbacks of known predators and non-predatorial control sympatric species near nesting pairs in the field. Results show that grassquits modify their behaviour according to predation risk and that this behavioural response is sexdependent. Males decrease their nest visit times, become more discreet when moving towards the nest, and stop performing sexual displays after leaving the nest. In contrast, females tend to decrease latency to visit the nest and increase the duration of brooding bouts. These different sex responses reduce nest visual and acoustic detectability, since conspicuous males are readily spotted on nests and cryptic females camouflage nestlings and suppress begging calls. Although these behavioural changes might reduce predation risk, there might be a cost of reduced food load to nestlings and increased brood starvation risk. These changes in nesting activities illustrate the behavioural adaptability of passerines to ensure offspring survival in tropical high predation risk environments.</p>
Data from: Evolution of male age-specific reproduction under differential risks and causes of death: males pay the cost of high female fitness
Classic theories of ageing evolution predict that increased extrinsic mortality due to an environmental hazard selects for increased early reproduction, rapid ageing and short intrinsic lifespan. Conversely, emerging theory maintains that when ageing increases susceptibility to an environmental hazard, increased mortality due to this hazard can select against ageing in physiological condition and prolong intrinsic lifespan. However, evolution of slow ageing under high-condition-dependent mortality is expected to result from reallocation of resources to different traits and such reallocation may be hampered by sex-specific trade-offs. Because same life-history trait values often have different fitness consequences in males and females, sexually antagonistic selection can preserve genetic variance for lifespan and ageing. We previously showed that increased condition-dependent mortality caused by heat shock leads to evolution of long-life, decelerated late-life mortality in both sexes and increased female fecundity in the nematode, Caenorhabditis remanei. Here, we used these cryopreserved lines to show that males evolving under heat shock suffered from reduced early-life and net reproduction, while mortality rate had no effect. Our results suggest that heat-shock resistance and associated long-life trade-off with male, but not female, reproduction and therefore sexually antagonistic selection contributes to maintenance of genetic variation for lifespan and fitness in this population.
Data from: Diabetes mellitus and the risk of fractures at specific sites: a meta-analysis
Objective: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with an increased fracture risk; however, the impact of DM and subsequent fracture at different sites and the associations according to patient characteristics remain unknown. Design: Meta-analysis. Data Sources: The PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from inception to March 2018. Eligibility Criteria: We included prospective and retrospective cohort studies on the associations of DM and subsequent fracture risk at different sites. Data extraction and synthesis: Two authors independently extracted data and assessed the study quality. Relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model, and the heterogeneity across the included studies was evaluated using I2 and Q statistics. Results: Overall, DM was associated with an increased risk of total (RR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.17–1.48; P<0.001), hip (RR: 1.77; 95% CI: 1.56–2.02; P<0.001), upper arm (RR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.02–2.10; P=0.037), and ankle fractures (RR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.10–1.40; P<0.001), whereas DM had no significant impact on the incidence of distal forearm (RR: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.88–1.19; P=0.809) and vertebral fractures (RR: 1.56; 95% CI: 0.78–3.12; P=0.209). RR ratios suggested that compared with type 2 DM (T2DM) patients, type 1 DM (T1DM) patients had greater risk of total (RR ratio: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.08–1.41; P=0.002), hip (RR ratio: 3.43; 95% CI: 2.27–5.17; P<0.001), and ankle fractures (RR ratio: 1.71; 95% CI: 1.06 –2.78; P=0.029). Although no other significant differences were observed between subgroups, the association of DM with upper arm or ankle, vertebrae, and total fracture differed according to sex, study design, and country, respectively. Conclusions: DM patients had greater risks of total, hip, upper arm, and ankle fractures, with T1DM having a more harmful effect than T2DM.
Risk Factors in the Initial Presentation of Specific Cardiovascular Disease Syndromes
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01804439. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 0. Publications: 2.
Randomized Study of Yohimbine Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes Patients Carrying a Specific Genetic Risk Variant
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01593215. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Study Protocol: 10-Year Follow-Up of Patients Screened for Cardiovascular Risk by the "All With Heart" Association - Development of a Morocco-Specific Risk Score
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07294937. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
GTB-3550 Tri-Specific Killer Engager (TriKE®) for High Risk Hematological Malignancies
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03214666. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Scoliosis-Specific Exercises for At-Risk AIS Curves
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02807545. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Sex‐specific effects of predation risk on parental care in a sexually dichromatic Neotropical songbird
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Data from: Evolution of male age-specific reproduction under differential risks and causes of death: males pay the cost of high female fitness
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Diabetes mellitus and the risk of fractures at specific sites: a meta-analysis
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
IRF5 genetic risk variants drive myeloid-specific IRF5 hyper-activation and pre-symptomatic SLE
GEO Series GSE137067. Homo sapiens. 14 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Single-cell chromatin accessibility identifies pancreatic islet cell type- and state-specific regulatory programs of diabetes risk [RNA-seq]
GEO Series GSE160473. Homo sapiens. 8 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Massively parallel reporter assays combined with cell-type specific eQTL identified a functional melanoma risk variant in HIV-1 restriction gene, MX2 [MX2_overexpress]
GEO Series GSE129237. Homo sapiens. 27 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Neonatal immune challenge poses a sex-specific risk for epigenetic microglial reprogramming and behavioral impairment
GEO Series GSE198473. Mus musculus. 28 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Leveraging the Epigenomic Landscape to identify Histology-Specific Master transcription factors and to functionally annotate risk loci in renal cell carcinoma
GEO Series GSE188486. Homo sapiens. 144 samples. Type: Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing; Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
LncRNAs specific signature in acute myeloid leukemia with intermediate risk
GEO Series GSE62852. Homo sapiens. 40 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Human-Specific Elimination of Epithelial Siglec-XII Suppresses the Risk of CRC Initiation and Progression [baseline]
GEO Series GSE262086. Mus musculus. 8 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Cell-type-specific regulation of APOE and CLU levels in human neurons by the Alzheimer’s disease risk gene SORL1
GEO Series GSE238013. Homo sapiens. 36 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Multi-omic Analysis of Developing Human Retina and Organoids Reveals Cell-Specific Cis-Regulatory Elements and Mechanisms of Non-Coding Genetic Disease Risk.
GEO Series GSE183684. Homo sapiens. 51 samples. Type: Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing; Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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