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178 results for “Spiral”
FIGURE 6. Heterochronic modelling experiment 3 in Heterochrony in helicoid spiral cones: a computer model for demonstrating heterochronic evolution
FIGURE 6. Heterochronic modelling experiment 3. The "ancestor" on the left has parameters W0=2, ΔW=-0.05, D=0, S=0.9, T'0=0.2, ΔT'=0.07, and has eight whorls. As in Figure 4, this is a common general type of gastropod shell shape. The central simulation is a "descendant" derived from this by two increments of neoteny (relative scale x 0.5); the simulation on the right has resulted from two further increments of neoteny (relative scale x 0.39). All three simulations have analogues in the Family Helicidae of the Pulmonata, and this result constitutes a hypothesis for the possible heterochronic evolution of forms with flattened spires (depressed and sub-planispiral).
FIGURE 2 in Heterochrony in helicoid spiral cones: a computer model for demonstrating heterochronic evolution
FIGURE 2. Isometric and allometric gastropods and simulations. 1, An example of a "Raupian" gastropod (Epitonium), showing isometric growth. 2, An example of a "Raupian" simulation with similar shape. 3, An example of an allometric gastropod (Megacochlea); note that there is no straight line that is tangential to the outside of all whorls. 4, A simulation using the program described here with similar shape. (Figures 2.1 and 2.3 © The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London, reproduced from Anon, 1975, with kind permission.)
FIGURE 1 in Heterochrony in helicoid spiral cones: a computer model for demonstrating heterochronic evolution
FIGURE 1. Raup's definition of the shell dimensions on which the equations for parameters W, D and T are derived. Based on Raup (1966).
FIGURE 5. Heterochronic modelling experiment 2 in Heterochrony in helicoid spiral cones: a computer model for demonstrating heterochronic evolution
FIGURE 5. Heterochronic modelling experiment 2. The "ancestor" on the left has parameters W0=1.1, ΔW=0.05, D=0, S=2.3, T'0=2, ΔT'=-0.03, and has 10 whorls. It has a form, including the slightly concave profile of the spire, which is similar to some members of the Family Volutidae. The next simulations are "descendants" derived from this by successive increments of acceleration (relative scales x 0.5, x 0.225, x 0.0875, respectively). All of these have parallels in the Volutidae, with the final form resembling the giant volutids in the genus Melo. The observation that the simulation predicts the large size of the final form supports the heterochronic hypothesis in the evolution of these gastropods.
FIGURE 4. Heterochronic modelling experiment 1 in Heterochrony in helicoid spiral cones: a computer model for demonstrating heterochronic evolution
FIGURE 4. Heterochronic modelling experiment 1. The "ancestor" on the left has parameters W0=2.5, ΔW=-0.1, D=0, S=1, T'0=0, ΔT'=0.15, and has seven whorls. It has a general shape that is common in gastropods, and especially amongst the subclass Pulmonata. The central simulation is derived from this by one increment of acceleration (relative scale x 1.5) and the simulation on the right by two increments of acceleration (relative scale x 2). The incipient reduction in whorl diameter and incipient loss of whorl-to-whorl contact is typical of some Pulmonata, such as Family Chondrinidae. Note that if Raup's T were used, incipient reduction in whorl diameter (W<1) would lead to reversal of the translation direction, which is nonsensical; using T', this is not the case.
The Longyearbyen all-sky camera full resolution image data (movie and four ASC data plots) used in the paper entitled "Auroral Morphological Changes to the Formation of Auroral Spiral during the Late Substorm Recovery Phase: Polar UVI and Ground All-Sky Camera Observations"
<p>The uploaded movie is an animation of the Longyearbyen all-sky camera (ASC) full resolution image data from 20:00 UT to 22:00 UT, which is including all ASC snapshots used in Figure 2. This movie file is the same as Movie S1. </p> <p>The uploaded four png files are the Longyearbyen all-sky camera (ASC) full resolution image snapshots, which were used in Figure S3.</p> <p>The numerical ASCII data to make the four ASC full resolution image snapshots are also uploaded; the count number of data detected by the ASC and associated latitude and longitude information in geographical coordinates of the ASC field of view.</p>
Redefining the clade Spirale of the genus Trichoderma by re-analyses of marker sequences and the description of new species
<p>Alingnments used to build the phylogenetic trees shown in the manuscript.</p> <p>Antagonism - data on antagonism of Trichoderma species against plant pathogens.</p> <p>Clade comparisons - data used to build Fig S6.</p>
Text-fig. 6. Scanning electron micrographs of multicarpellate and apocarpous floral structures from the Early Cretaceous Puddledock locality, Virginia, USA (a, b: PP43701, Puddledock sample 001; c: PP43000x, Puddledock sample 073). a) Anacostia? sp., strongly compressed, elongated receptacle with spirally arranged carpels (red dots; not all shown); note larger size compared to the other floral structures; b) Numerous Anacostia type pollen grains in proximal view from the base of floral structure in (a); note graded reticulum over the proximal pole of the pollen grains; c) Elongated receptacle with numerous carpels in a spiral arrangement, possibly representing an earlier developmental stage of Anacostia? sp. Scale bars = 1 mm (a, c), 10 µm (b). in Multiparted, Apocarpous Flowers From The Early Cretaceous Of Eastern North America And Portugal
Text-fig. 6. Scanning electron micrographs of multicarpellate and apocarpous floral structures from the Early Cretaceous Puddledock locality, Virginia, USA (a, b: PP43701, Puddledock sample 001; c: PP43000x, Puddledock sample 073). a) Anacostia? sp., strongly compressed, elongated receptacle with spirally arranged carpels (red dots; not all shown); note larger size compared to the other floral structures; b) Numerous Anacostia type pollen grains in proximal view from the base of floral structure in (a); note graded reticulum over the proximal pole of the pollen grains; c) Elongated receptacle with numerous carpels in a spiral arrangement, possibly representing an earlier developmental stage of Anacostia? sp. Scale bars = 1 mm (a, c), 10 µm (b).
Text-fig. 3. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of a charalean oospore (a), and fragments of probable marchantialean liverwort thalli (b–d); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Apical view of oospore showing the pattern of spiral ridges and grooves resulting from the enclosing cells of the oogonium. b–d) Thallus fragments in probable ventral view showing two rows of imbricate scales and occasional branching of the thallus (d). Specimens, TV38-S174607 (a), TV43-S174655 (b), TV43-S174654 (c), TV43-S174661 (d). Scale bars 1 mm (b–d), 100 Μm (a). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Torres Vedras (Ne Of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis Of An Early Angiosperm Community
Text-fig. 3. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of a charalean oospore (a), and fragments of probable marchantialean liverwort thalli (b–d); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Apical view of oospore showing the pattern of spiral ridges and grooves resulting from the enclosing cells of the oogonium. b–d) Thallus fragments in probable ventral view showing two rows of imbricate scales and occasional branching of the thallus (d). Specimens, TV38-S174607 (a), TV43-S174655 (b), TV43-S174654 (c), TV43-S174661 (d). Scale bars 1 mm (b–d), 100 Μm (a).
Dataset supporting publication: "Geofit: Experimental Investigations and Numerical Validation of Shallow Spiral Collectors as a Basis for Development of a Design Tool for Geothermal Retrofitting of Existing Buildings"
<p>Dataset supporting publication: “Geofit: Experimental Investigations and Numerical Validation of Shallow Spiral Collectors as a Basis for Development of a Design Tool for Geothermal Retrofitting of Existing Buildings” (publication available in <a href="https://zenodo.org/record/7273966#.Y2JgBnbMJPY">GEOFIT Zenodo</a>)</p> <p>The H2020 GEOFIT (grant no. 792210) project will implement and demonstrate easy-to-install and economical geothermal systems in combination with heat pumps for energy-efficient building retrofits at five pilot sites across Europe - a historic building (ITA), a school (ESP), an indoor swimming pool (IRL), an office building (FRA) and a single-family house (IRL) (GEOFIT,2018). Heat pump tests and experimental laboratory tests with shallow geothermal heat collector types are carried out in climate chambers at the AIT. Material data of different soil types are determined in the thermophysics laboratory. Furthermore, CFD simulations of the conducted experiments are calculated with ANSYS Fluent. All this provides data and know-how for the development of a design tool for ground collector configurations such as helices and slinky loops, which are particularly relevant for building retrofits in GEOFIT. Experimental work focused on near-surface spiral geothermal heat exchanger configurations that can be installed at a maximum depth of five metres. Real-scale experiments were carried out for vertically oriented spiral collectors (helix) in real soil. One objective was to develop a measurement concept in the laboratory environment to create the framework for a reliable database. This database is used as a basis for the further development or new development of engineering design tools. Distributed resistance temperature sensors and a fibre-optic temperature measurement system (DTS) were used. The moisture content of the soil was recorded using soil moisture sensors. A heat flow was conditioned by means of a helix shaped electric heating cable in a 1m³ cuboid soil container. The measurements were carried out in a climate chamber at a defined constant temperature of 10 °C. The evaluation of the transient response behaviour is spatially resolved. This results in coordinate-related temperature points, which describe temperature gradients in all axes of the container over time. Three different types of soil were investigated. The temperature behaviour of humus soil, sand and a mixture of these was investigated experimentally in smaller experiments and the material data such as heat capacity, thermal conductivity and density were determined thermophysically in the laboratory. Based on this data, a CFD model was developed which can be used to modify the geometry parameters of the helix.</p>
Data Supplement: GIRFReco.jl: An Open-Source Pipeline for Spiral Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) Reconstruction in Julia
<p><strong>Dataset for GIRFReco.jl Paper</strong><br> <br> Please download this and extract to an appropriate location prior to running the demonstration code in GIRFReco.jl. The extracted folder will serve as the root directory in the demo code.</p>
Phase spiral in Gaia DR3
<p>Movies of the evolution of the phase spiral in Gaia DR3, supplementing the publication:</p> <p>The phase spiral in Gaia DR3, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 673, A115, Antoja, T., Ramos, P., García-Conde, B., Bernet, M., Laporte, C. F. P., & Katz, D. (2023), https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023A&A...673A.115A</p> <p><a href="https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202245518">https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202245518</a></p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Annotated spiral ganglion neuron training data for object detection
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Nutrient and tracer amounts for Tracer Additions for Spiraling Curve Characterization studies on arctic streams near Toolik Field Station, Alaska 2010 -2012.
The Changing Seasonality of Arctic Stream Systems (CSASN) was active from 2010 to 2012. The CSASN goal was to quantify the relative influences of through flow, lateral inputs, and hyporheic regeneration on the seasonal fluxes C, N, and P in an arctic river network, and to determine how these influences might shift under seasonal conditions that are likely to be substantially different in the future. There were a number of tracer addition for spiraling curve characterization (TASCC) and Plateau nutrient additions at each sampling location. The data in this file contains nutrient concentrations from each sampling event during each TASCC and Plateau addition during the CSASN project. This file contains all the information about each nutrient addition during the entire project.
CSASN Nutients: Tracer addition for spiraling curve characterization from 2010 to 2012
The Changing Seasonality of Arctic Stream Systems (CSASN) was active from 2010 to 2012. The CSASN goal was to quantify the relative influences of through flow, lateral inputs, and hyporheic regeneration on the seasonal fluxes C, N, and P in an arctic river network, and to determine how these influences might shift under seasonal conditions that are likely to be substantially different in the future. There were a number of TASCC and Plateau nutrient additions at each sampling location. The data in this file contains nutrient concentrations from each sampling event during each tracer additions for spiraling curve characterization (TASCC )and Plateau nutrient addition during the CSASN project.
Seeing the light: nitrate spiraling and hydrogeomorphic characteristics of restored and unrestored streams in the Baltimore, MD region.
The continually increasing global population residing in urban landscapes impacts numerous ecosystem functions and services provided by urban streams. Urban stream restoration is often employed to offset these impacts and conserve or enhance the various functions and services these streams provide. Despite the assumption that ‘if you build it, [the function] will come’, current understanding of the effects of urban stream restoration on stream ecosystem functions are based on short term studies which may not capture variation in restoration effectiveness over time. We quantified the impact of stream restoration on nutrient and energy dynamics of urban streams by studying 10 urban stream reaches (five restored, five unrestored) in the Baltimore, Maryland, USA, region over a two-year period. We measured gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER) at the whole-stream scale continuously throughout the study and nitrate (NO3-N) spiraling rates seasonally (spring, summer, autumn) across all reaches. There was no significant restoration effect on NO3-N spiraling across reaches. However, there was a significant canopy cover effect on NO3-N spiraling, and directly comparing paired sets of unrestored-restored reaches showed that restoration does affect NO3-N spiraling after accounting for other environmental variation. Furthermore, there was a change in GPP:ER seasonality, with restored and open-canopied reaches exhibiting higher GPP:ER during summer. The restoration effect, though, appears contingent upon altered canopy cover, which is likely to be a temporary effect of restoration and is a driver of multiple ecosystem services, e.g., habitat, riparian nutrient processing. Our results suggest that decision-making about stream restoration, including evaluations of nutrient benefits, clearly needs to consider spatial and temporal dynamics of canopy cover and tradeoffs among multiple ecosystem services. Here we provide site descriptions and nitrate spiraling d
A Theory of Unpinning of Spiral Waves using Rotating Electric Fields
<p>Spiral waves pinned to obstacles cause self-perpetuating abnormal activation in the heart leading to life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. To bring the heart back to its normal rhythm, the pinned spirals have to be eliminated. Apart from globally resetting shocks, pulsed and rotating electric fields are known to unpin the spirals using the method of wave emission from heterogeneties, with much lower voltage. Here, we provide a robust mechanism for termination of the pinned spiral waves using a rotating electric field. We show that the termination always happens within the first rotation of the electric field. For a given obstacle size, there exists a threshold time period of rotating field below which the spiral can always be terminated. Our analytical formulation accurately predicts this threshold and explains the absence of traditional unpinning window with the rotating electric field. Since the rotating electric field requires much lower field strength, this study may influence future low-energy defibrillation techniques.</p>
Data from: Evaluation of the Laguerre-Gaussian mode purity produced by 3D-printed microwave spiral phase plates
Computer-aided design software and additive manufacturing provide flexibility in the direct fabrication of multi-material devices. This design and fabrication versatility has been investigated for the manufacture of dielectric spiral phase plates (SPP) to generate electromagnetic waves with helical wave-fronts. Three types of SPPs designed to produce an orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode number l=|1| were additively manufactured using multi-material extrusion and multijet fabrication methods. The phase mode and mode characteristics of transformed helical microwaves as a function of the SPP geometrical features was investigated experimentally in the 12 to 18 GHz frequency range, providing high purity at characteristic frequencies. The SPPs were further combined with an additively manufactured dielectric lens that provided a marked improvement in OAM mode purity. Finally, multiplexing and de-multiplexing of two OAM modes were demonstrated successfully using the optimum SPP geometry and design.
LMD Inconel 718 Spiral 2020-07-31
<p>Description of dataset 10.5281/zenodo.4049842</p> <p>Deposition of Inconel 718 square spiral with process parameters:<br> - Nominal power = 300 (W)<br> - Nominal velocity = 600 (mm/min)<br> - Powder flux = 0.0825 (g/s)<br> - Spiral size: 60 mm side, 3 mm step<br> - Nr. nozzles = 4<br> - Argon carrier flux = 4 (l/min)<br> - Argon shielding gas flux = 15 (l/min)<br> - Substrate temperature = Ambient</p> <p>The dataset is constituted by:<br> - Melt pool images, in file Deposition_2020_7_31__15_13_17.zip, acquired at 200fps with 850 nm narrow band filter, 1ms exposure time. 400x400 px size<br> - trackData_20200731.csv containing:<br> - t: timestamp in ms. Synchronized with imData_20200731.csv<br> - Xpos: laser spot X position in workspace<br> - Ypos: laser spot Y position in workspace<br> - Zpos: laser spot Z position in workspace<br> - G1: binary signal indicating active deposition (G1=1) or not<br> - D: track width measured at [Xpos(t), Ypos(t), Zpos(t)]<br> - H: track heigth measured at [Xpos(t), Ypos(t), Zpos(t)]<br> - A: track section area measured at [Xpos(t), Ypos(t), Zpos(t)]<br> - sdres: roughness index of section profile (std. deviation w.r.t. smoothed profile)<br> - Vnom: laser spot translational speed in m/s (computed from Xpos, Ypos, Zpos and t data)<br> - Pnom: nominal power<br> - V: Vnom in mm/min<br> - imData_20200731.csv containing:<br> - t: timestamp in ms. Synchronized with trackData_20191205.csv (some frames may have been lost)<br> - I_mean: mean image intensity (only on red channel)<br> - I_mean_crop: mean image intensity computed on central cropped image area (180x180 pixels)<br> - M_I_mean: I_mean after application of 8-sample moving average<br> - M_I_mean_crop: I_mean_crop after application of 8-sample moving average<br> - fileName: associated image file name<br> - beamON: laserON signal obtained from thresholding on images (background noise = off, minimal intensity level = on)</p>
LMD Inconel 718 Spiral 2020-07-31 left
<p>Description of dataset 10.5281/zenodo.4061502</p> <p>Deposition of Inconel 718 square spiral with process parameters:<br> - Nominal power = 300 (W)<br> - Nominal velocity = 600 (mm/min)<br> - Powder flux = 0.0825 (g/s)<br> - Spiral size: 60 mm side, 3 mm step<br> - Nr. nozzles = 4<br> - Argon carrier flux = 4 (l/min)<br> - Argon shielding gas flux = 15 (l/min)<br> - Substrate temperature = Ambient</p> <p>This experiment took place on the same substrate of 10.5281/zenodo.4049842 (on the "left") and follows the same part program. In this case, the laser spot is slightly off-center in camera images.</p> <p>The dataset is constituted by:<br> - Melt pool images, in file Deposition_2020_07_31__13_09_50.zip, acquired at 200fps with 850 nm narrow band filter, 1ms exposure time. 400x400 px size<br> - trackData_20200731_left.csv containing:<br> - t: timestamp in ms. Synchronized with imData_20200731_left.csv<br> - Xpos: laser spot X position in workspace<br> - Ypos: laser spot Y position in workspace<br> - Zpos: laser spot Z position in workspace<br> - G1: binary signal indicating active deposition (G1=1) or not<br> - D: track width measured at [Xpos(t), Ypos(t), Zpos(t)]<br> - H: track heigth measured at [Xpos(t), Ypos(t), Zpos(t)]<br> - A: track section area measured at [Xpos(t), Ypos(t), Zpos(t)]<br> - sdres: roughness index of section profile (std. deviation w.r.t. smoothed profile)<br> - Vnom: laser spot translational speed in m/s (computed from Xpos, Ypos, Zpos and t data)<br> - Pnom: nominal power<br> - V: Vnom in mm/min<br> - imData_20200731_left.csv containing:<br> - t: timestamp in ms. Synchronized with trackData_20191205_left.csv (some frames may have been lost)<br> - I_mean: mean image intensity (only on red channel)<br> - I_mean_crop: mean image intensity computed on central cropped image area (180x180 pixels)<br> - M_I_mean: I_mean after application of 8-sample moving average<br> - M_I_mean_crop: I_mean_crop after application of 8-sample moving average<br> - fileName: associated image file name<br> - beamON: laserON signal obtained from thresholding on images (background noise = off, minimal intensity level = on)</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.