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98 results for “Spodoptera frugiperda”
Figure 5 in Multiple resistance to primary pests of grain sorghum hybrids: Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), and Diceraeus melacanthus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
Figure 5 Scores of injury on sorghum plants caused by S. frugiperda (a); D. saccharalis (b); and D. melacanthus (c).
Figure 1 in Multiple resistance to primary pests of grain sorghum hybrids: Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), and Diceraeus melacanthus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
Figure 1 Green-belly stink bug injury based on the damage rating scale adapted by Roza-Gomes et al. (2011) (0-4) to maize injury.
Toxic bait as an alternative tool in the management of Spodoptera frugiperda in second corn crops
<p>The attached file Data_base_JEN-2020-0374 (To upload in repository) refers to the article "Toxic bait as an alternative tool in the management of Spodoptera frugiperda in second corn crops"which was submitted to the Journal Applied Entomology (JEN-2020-0374)</p>
Analysis of the occurrence of the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in the winter season on the southwestern islands of Japan using the insect's strontium radiogenic isotope ratio (87Sr/86Sr)
<p><em>Spodoptera frugiperda</em>, an invasive pest insect that targets maize and other crops, first arrived in Japan in the summer of 2019. This species occurs year-round in East Asian subtropical regions such as southern mainland China and the island of Taiwan, where the mean air temperature in the coldest month is above 10°C. Adults are similarly found throughout the year on the southwestern islands of Japan. Trap monitoring there showed continuous or intermittent <em>S. frugiperda</em> catches in the 3 winter seasons since 2019. However, it was difficult to distinguish between immigrants arriving from these neighboring areas and local individuals occurring on each Japanese island. In this study, the possible natal origin of captured insects on 5 small islands (Yonagunijima, Taramajima, Okinawajima, Amamioshima, and Tanegashima) was determined by investigating the strontium radiogenic isotope ratios (<sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr) and comparing them with those of reference hosts and insects. Since trapping data and the <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr values of trapped insects didn't support <em>S. frugiperda</em>'s winter breeding on the northernmost island, Tanegashima, further analysis was limited to the 4 southern islands. The <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr values of reference host plants and reared insects on the 4 islands ranged from 0.70929 to 0.71009, while those of catch insects ranged from 0.70885 to 0.71090. The <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr values of the catch insects and the reference on the 4 islands did not differ significantly. In addition, the monthly averages of daily mean air temperature in January and February 2020–2022 were above 10°C, and the wind direction at the surface was mostly from the northeast or northwest. These pieces of evidence, together with winter host availability, suggested that <em>S. frugiperda</em> occurs year-round on the islands. In other words, the year-round occurrence area of <em>S. frugiperda</em> in East Asia extends to the Japanese southwestern islands below Amamioshima Island.</p>
The potential of using different legume species in a push-pull approach to manage Spodoptera frugiperda in maize in China
<p>Fall armyworm (<em>Spodoptera frugiperda</em>)<em> </em>is a notorious pest on crops, especially on maize. The push-pull strategy based on the intercropping system has been reported to effectively reduce the damage of <em>S. frugiperda</em>. However, the suitable mode for <em>S. frugiperda</em> management in maize-based intercropping systems in China has not been reported thoroughly. In this study, the adaptability, feeding, and oviposition preferences of <em>S. frugiperda</em> on maize (<em>Zea mays</em> L.), mung bean (<em>Vigna radiata</em> L.), soybean (<em>Glycine max</em> L.), kidney bean (<em>Phaseolus vulgaris</em> L.), red bean (<em>Vigna angularis</em> Willd.) and cowpea (<em>Vigna unguiculata </em>L. Walp), were firstly compared through lift table analysis and indoor cage tests. Subsequently, based on the results from the laboratory tests, mung bean –cowpea was selected as the push-pull system for <em>S. frugiperda</em> occurrence studied in the field. Results showed that maize is the most suitable host for <em>S. frugiperda</em>, as indicated by the shortest developmental duration and the highest pupal weight. However, among all the tested bean plants, the cowpea is the best for <em>S. frugiperda</em>, on which the larval duration, pre-adults, and adult durations were significantly shorter than others. Meanwhile, the feeding and oviposition preference tests revealed that <em>S. frugiperda</em> had a strong preference for maize and cowpea, while the opposite was true for mung bean. Compared to maize monoculture, the number of eggs of <em>S. frugiperda</em> laid in maize-mung decreased by 67.25%, and that in maize-cowpea significantly increased to 2.04 times. In a randomized block experiment in the field, it was found the incidence of maize in the mung bean-cowpea system was significantly lower than that of maize monocropping and maize only surrounded by cowpea. This study indicated that mung bean and cowpea are promising candidates as a repellent plant (push) and attractant plants (pull) to be intercropped with maize using the push-pull strategy to lessen the damage caused by <em>S. frugiperda</em> in maize-based intercropping systems.</p>
Spodoptera frugiperda ̶ Pest Report and Datasheet to support ranking of EU candidate priority pests
<p>These two files are part of the outputs produced under the mandate <a href="http://registerofquestions.efsa.europa.eu/roqFrontend/wicket/page?1-1.ILinkListener-contentPane-listContainer-pageable-21-mandateNumberLnk">M-2017-0056</a> of the European Commission requesting EFSA for technical assistance in the field of quarantine pests qualifying as priority pests as by Article 6(2) of the Regulation (EU) 2016/2031 <em>on protective measures against pests of plants</em>.</p> <p>Under the mandate EFSA produced: i) 1 methodology report (DOI available at the field "Related/alternate identifiers"), ii) 28 datasheets, one for each of the 28 candidate pests, and iii) 28 pest reports supporting the information provided in the datasheets.</p> <p>EFSA wishes to acknowledge the contribution of Allan Hruska, Marja van der Straten to the EKE and the review conducted by Alan MacLeod.</p>
Fig. 2 in Field efficacy of insecticides for management of invasive fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize in India
Fig. 2. Corn yield in field efficacy treatments in Sep planted crop in 2018.
Fig. 1 in Field efficacy of insecticides for management of invasive fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize in India
Fig. 1. Corn yield in field efficacy treatments in Jun planted crop in 2018.
Fig. 1 in Approaches for assessing the impact of Zea mays (Poaceae) on the behavior of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its parasitoid Cotesia marginiventris (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)
Fig. 1. Spodopera frugiperda rearing for use in oviposition assays.
Voltinism and life-history traits of the invasive fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) feeding on corn
<p>Voltinism and life-history traits of the invasive fall armyworm (FAW) <em>Spodoptera frugiperda</em> were investigated under semi-natural conditions for a period of two years. The FAW invaded the corn field in the suburbs of Nanchang (28° 46′ N, 115° 50′ E) in early summer and produced six complete generations. The FAW had the characteristics of short developmental time, high survival rates and strong fecundity. The development time of female pupae was significantly faster than that of male pupae, resulting in the emergence of female pupae earlier than male pupae. Except for the sixth generation in 2021, there was no significant difference between female and male sex ratio, which was close to 1:1. The FAW showed male-bias sexual size dimorphism with male pupae being significantly larger than female pupae. Unlike pupal weight, in most generations, male adult weighed significantly less than females, because the weight loss of male pupae during metamorphosis was significantly greater than that of female pupae. The seasonal variation of pupal weight did not conform to the temperature–size rule. Compared with 22.8 °C, the 29.2 °C high temperature not only significantly reduced the development time of larvae but also significantly increased pupal weight. The adult fecundity feeding on fresh corn leaves was higher than that feeding on live corn plants in most generations. In most generations, pupal weight was positively correlated with larval development time and adult weight was positively correlated with fecundity. These results add to the understanding of the evolution of life-history traits in the FAW and may have important implications for predicting population dynamics of the FAW and optimizing control strategies.</p>
Fitness and cold tolerance of Spodoptera frugiperda fed on corn and two winter crops (Original data)
<p>草地贪夜蛾(FAW)草<em>地</em>贪夜蛾是一种主要的迁徙和多噬性害虫。FAW的越冬、迁徙和定植性状与植被和寄主适应性密切相关。在这项研究中,我们调查了春夏作物(玉米)和两种冬季作物(卷心菜,<em>芸苔</em>属和油菜,油菜,油菜)的产卵偏好,喂养<em>偏好,适应性</em>和耐寒性。结果表明,FAW可以通过喂食卷心菜和油菜来完成其生命周期,尽管健康状况不如玉米。以卷心菜为食的FAW存活率、雌蛹质量和宿主适宜性指数高于油菜,幼虫更喜欢以油菜叶为食,雌性更喜欢在油菜植株上产卵。此外,与玉米和油菜相比,以卷心菜为食的FAW幼虫从寒晕中恢复的时间最短,表明以卷心菜为食可提高FAW幼虫的耐寒性。因此,卷心菜可能是FAW的理想宿主,需要在冬季生存和繁殖。研究结果提高了我们对FAW寄主选择和适应的理解,为预测FAW冬季繁殖区奠定了基础。</p>
Analysis of the occurrence of the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in the winter season on the southwestern islands of Japan using the insect’s strontium radiogenic isotope ratio (87Sr/86Sr)
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The potential of using different legume species in a push-pull approach to manage Spodoptera frugiperda in maize in China
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Sublethal effects of Voliam Flexi on Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Insights from Life Table Theory
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FIGURE 1 in First record of fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize in Viet Nam
FIGURE 1. Characteristic feeding damage of Spodoptera frugiperda on young maize plants in northern Viet Nam
FIGURE 3 in First record of fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize in Viet Nam
FIGURE 3. Phylogenetic analysis of the COI gene of S. frugiperda on maize in various locations in Viet Nam. The tree with the highest log likelihood (-1501,3576) is shown. The evolutionary history was inferred using maximum likelihood based on the Kimura 2-parameter model of evolution (Kimura, 1980). The percentage of trees in which the associated taxa clustered together is shown next to the branches. Mythimna separata MH900454 was used as the outgroup.
FIGURE 2 in First record of fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize in Viet Nam
FIGURE 2. Photographs of Spodoptera frugiperda: (A) egg mass; (B) full grown larva; (C) pupae; (D) adult male; (E) adult female; (F) male genitalia; (G) part of male genitalia valve showing clavus and costal process; (H) female genitalia.
Data from: A Z-linked sterility locus causes sexual abstinence in hybrid females and facilitates speciation in Spodoptera frugiperda
In the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), two sympatric strains have been recognized that have been termed corn strain (C) and rice strain (R), referring to their most common host plants. Both strains are reproductively isolated via a distinct prezygotic barrier as well as via an intriguing postzygotic phenomenon: when R females have mated with C males, the resulting RC hybrid females exhibit dramatically reduced fertility independent of their mating partner. Here we demonstrate that the reduced fertility is caused by the fact that these females refrain from mating, i.e. females are behaviorally sterile. We identified a Z-chromosomally linked sterility locus that is most likely incompatible with yet-to-be-identified autosomal (or cytoplasmic) factors leading to the observed sexual abstinence. Within-chromosome mapping revealed the sterility locus to be located in an area of strongly reduced inter-strain recombination.
Supplementary material 1 from: Early R, González-Moreno P, Murphy ST, Day R (2018) Forecasting the global extent of invasion of the cereal pest Spodoptera frugiperda, the fall armyworm. NeoBiota 40: 25-50. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.40.28165
Supplementary material : Explanation note: Table S1. Summary of evidence for fall armyworm developmental and population responses to the environment extracted from literature sources. Figure S1. Effect of different sub-sampling proportions and pseudo-absence selection diameters on model predictions (maps). Figure S2. Effect of different sub-sampling proportions and pseudo-absence selection diameters on Balanced Accuracy. Figure S3. Histograms of each environmental variable in 10 arc-minute grid-cells from which the fall armyworm is recorded. Figure S4. Multivariate Environmental Similarity Surface analysis. Figure S5. Empirically measured environmental effects on fall armyworm life cycle. Figure S6. Trade and passenger air transportation within Africa.
Data from: Patterns of genomic and allochronic strain divergence in the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda
<p>Speciation is the process through which reproductive isolation develops between distinct populations. Because this process takes time, speciation studies often necessarily examine populations within a species that are at various stages of divergence. The fall armyworm, <em>Spodoptera frugiperda </em>(J.E.Smith), is comprised of two strains (R=Rice & C=Corn) that serve as a novel system to explore population divergence in sympatry. Here, we use ddRADSeq data to show that fall armyworm strains in the field are largely genetically distinct, but some interstrain hybridization occurs. Although we detected F1 hybrids of both R- and C-strain maternal origin, only hybrids with R-strain mtDNA were found to contribute to subsequent generations, possibly indicating a unidirectional barrier to gene flow. Although these strains have been previously defined as 'host plant-associated,' we recovered an equal proportion of R- and C-strain individuals in fields dominated by C-strain host plants. As an alternative to host associated divergence, we tested the hypothesis that differences in nightly activity patterns could account for reproductive isolation by genotyping temporally-collected moths. Our data indicates that strains exhibit a significant shift in the timing of their nightly activities in the field. This divergence in phenology creates a prezygotic reproductive barrier that likely maintains the genetic isolation between strains. Thus, we conclude that it may be ecologically inaccurate to refer to the C- and R- strain as 'host-associated' and they should more appropriately be considered 'allochronic strains.'</p>
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