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Fig. 7 in Frontal Bone Anatomy Of Teratophoneus Curriei (Theropoda: Tyrannosauridae) From The Upper Cretaceous Kaiparowits Formation Of Utah

Fig. 7 Comparison of tyrannosaurine frontals in dorsal view, highlighting the characters that are indicative of subadult ontogenetic status. A, 3D model of the right frontal of BYU 8120/9396 Teratophoneus curriei; B, 3D model of the SDNHM 32701, a right frontal of Daspletosaurus torosus.

Fig. 8 in Frontal Bone Anatomy Of Teratophoneus Curriei (Theropoda: Tyrannosauridae) From The Upper Cretaceous Kaiparowits Formation Of Utah

Fig. 8 Frontals of tyrannosaurine theropods, with corrected anatomical interpretations. a, the right frontal of UMNH VP 20200 in lateral view, Lythronax argestes holotype; b, the braincase of UMNH VP 16690 (mirrored) in lateral view, a specimen of Teratophoneus curriei; c, the right frontal of SDNHM 32701 (3D model) in ventral view, a specimen of Daspletosaurus torosus; d, the right frontal of UMNH VP 28348 (3D model) in ventral view, "Dynamoterror dynastes" holotype. Abbreviations: cbf, cerebral fossa; es, ethmoid scar; obf, olfactory bulb fossa; os, orbital slot. Images used in A and B are courtesy of Mark Loewen, and model used in D is courtesy of Western Science Center. Not to scale.

Fig. 5 in Frontal Bone Anatomy Of Teratophoneus Curriei (Theropoda: Tyrannosauridae) From The Upper Cretaceous Kaiparowits Formation Of Utah

Fig. 5 Stereopair of 3D model of the right frontal of BYU 8120/9396 in rostral view. Abbreviations: lac, lacrimal socket; np, nasal process; plp, prefrontolacrimal process; pnp, prefrontonasal process;prf, joint surface for prefrontal; sc, sagittal crest.

Fig. 1 in Frontal Bone Anatomy Of Teratophoneus Curriei (Theropoda: Tyrannosauridae) From The Upper Cretaceous Kaiparowits Formation Of Utah

Fig. 1 Stereopair of 3D model of the right frontal of BYU 8120/9396 in dorsal view. Abbreviations: dtf, dorsotemporal fossa; np, nasal process; pb, postorbital buttress; plp, prefrontolacrimal process; pnp, prefrontonasal process; rdtf, rostral margin of the dorsotemporal fossa; sc, sagittal crest.

Fig. 2 in Frontal Bone Anatomy Of Teratophoneus Curriei (Theropoda: Tyrannosauridae) From The Upper Cretaceous Kaiparowits Formation Of Utah

Fig. 2 Stereopair of 3D model of the right frontal of BYU 8120/9396 in lateral view. Abbreviations: cpos, caudal part of postorbital suture; gpos, groove between rostral and caudal parts of postorbital suture; lac, lacrimal socket; prf, joint surface for prefrontal; rpos, rostral part of postorbital suture; sc, sagittal crest.

Fig. 3 in Frontal Bone Anatomy Of Teratophoneus Curriei (Theropoda: Tyrannosauridae) From The Upper Cretaceous Kaiparowits Formation Of Utah

Fig. 3 Stereopair of 3D model of the right frontal of BYU 8120/9396 in medial view. Abbreviations: cbf, cerebral fossa; ifs, interfrontal suture; obf, olfactory bulb fossa; oss, orbitosphenoid suture; sc, sagittal crest; sf?, possible trace of sagittal foramen.

Fig. 4 in Frontal Bone Anatomy Of Teratophoneus Curriei (Theropoda: Tyrannosauridae) From The Upper Cretaceous Kaiparowits Formation Of Utah

Fig. 4 Stereopair of 3D model of the right frontal of BYU 8120/9396 in ventral view. Abbreviations: cbf, cerebral fossa;ccr, crista cranii; es, ethmoid scar; gpos, groove between rostral and caudal parts of postorbital suture; lss, laterosphenoid suture; ms, median septum; obf, olfactory bulb fossa; os, orbital slot; oss, orbitosphenoid suture; prf, joint surface for prefrontal.

Fig. 6 in Frontal Bone Anatomy Of Teratophoneus Curriei (Theropoda: Tyrannosauridae) From The Upper Cretaceous Kaiparowits Formation Of Utah

Fig. 6 Stereopair of 3D model of the right frontal of BYU 8120/9396 in caudal view. Abbreviations: cbf, cerebral fossa; dtf, dorsotemporal fossa; lss, laterosphenoid suture; ps, parietal suture; sc, sagittal crest.

FIGURE 6 in Craniofacial ontogeny in Tyrannosauridae (Dinosauria, Coelurosauria)

FIGURE 6. Restored skull with occluded jaws of a Stage 1 Tyrannosaurus rex (CMNH 7541) in left lateral (A), dorsal (B), occipital (C), and palatal (D) views. Skull length is 572 mm. Rostral and transverse crushing of the suspensorium in A and B has not been corrected. Basisphenoid pneumatic foramina are restored in D; right squamosal is restored in B; occipital condyle is restored in C. Abbreviations: ang, os angulare; ar, os articulare; bo, os basioccipitale; bs, os basisphenoidale; bs rec cl, basisphenoid recess ceiling; co, os coronoideum; cr sag, crista sagittalis; dn, os dentale; ect, os ectopterygoideum; imf, fenestra intramandibulare; ipv, vacuita interpterygoideum; la, os lacrimale; mx, os maxillare; na,

FIGURE 6 in Craniofacial ontogeny in Tyrannosauridae (Dinosauria, Coelurosauria)

FIGURE 6. Continued os nasale; ot, os otoccipitale; pa, os parietale; pl, os palatinum; pmx, os premaxillare; pra, os prearticulare; prf, os prefrontale; pt, os pterygoideum; qj, os quadratojugale; qu, os quadratum; qu for, foramen quadratum; rec pnu bs, recessus pneumaticum basisphenoidale; rec pn pl, recessus pneumaticum palatinum; sq, os squamosum; spl, os spleniale; spl fen, fenestra spleniale; suborb fen, fenestra suborbitalis; sur, os surangulare; tp, tooth puncture; vo, vomer.

FIGURE 6 in Craniofacial ontogeny in Tyrannosauridae (Dinosauria, Coelurosauria)

FIGURE 6 in Craniofacial ontogeny in Tyrannosauridae (Dinosauria, Coelurosauria)

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Figure 18 in Diversity of late Maastrichtian Tyrannosauridae (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from western North America

Figure 18. Right dentary of LACM 23845 in lateral (A) and medial (B) views.

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Supporting CT data for: Ontogenetic changes in endocranial anatomy in <em>Gorgosaurus libratus</em> (Theropoda: Tyrannosauridae) provide insight into the evolution of the tyrannosauroid endocranium

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Fig. 11 in A new tyrannosaurine (Theropoda:Tyrannosauridae) from the Campanian Foremost Formation of Alberta, Canada, provides insight into the evolution and biogeography of tyrannosaurids

Fig. 11. Single most parsimonious tree of Eutyrannosauria (832 steps) using the modified dataset of Carr et al. (2017). Bremer support (when 3) and bootstrap indices (when 50) are located adjacent to nodes. Numbers in black circles indicate named clades (either node-based or stem-based): 1) Eutyrannosauria (sensu Delcourt and Grillo, 2018); 2) Tyrannosauridae; 3) Albertosaurinae; 4) Tyrannosaurinae; 5) Alioramini; 6) Daspletosaurini. Branch lengths and divergence times are not time calibrated. Taxon colors correspond to location of occurrence-orange, Appalachia; purple, southern Laramidia; red, northern Laramidia; blue, Asia. Stage boundaries after Ogg and Hinnov (2012). (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 8 in A new tyrannosaurine (Theropoda:Tyrannosauridae) from the Campanian Foremost Formation of Alberta, Canada, provides insight into the evolution and biogeography of tyrannosaurids

Fig. 8. Comparison of left frontal in dorsal view in tyrannosaurids.A) Thanatotheristes TMP 2010.5.7. White dash line represents nondiagnostic postorbital fragment attached to the frontal. B) Subcutaneous surface of frontal of Daspletosaurus torosus TMP 2001.036.0001. Abbreviations: apc, anterior postorbital contact expansion; aesc, autapomorphic anterior extension of sagittal crest; ifs, interfrontal suture; ls, lacrimal socket; np, nasal process; os, orbital slot; PA, parietal; PF, prefrontal; pfl, prefrontolacrimal process; pfn, prefrontonasal process; po, postorbital fragment; sc, sagittal crest; stf, supratemporal fossa; str, supratemporal ridge. Scale bars equal 5 cm.

Fig. 7 in A new tyrannosaurine (Theropoda:Tyrannosauridae) from the Campanian Foremost Formation of Alberta, Canada, provides insight into the evolution and biogeography of tyrannosaurids

Fig. 7. Right postorbital fragment of Thanatotheristes holotype (TMP 2010.5.7). A) Specimen in lateral view, demonstrating arced subcutaneous ridges, B) and medial view. Note prominent bracing ridge for jugal contact on the medial surface of the bone. Abbreviations: br, bracing ridge for jugal contact; djc, dorsal extent of jugal contact; scr, subcutaneous ridges; sr, smooth region along lateral surface posterior margin. Scale bar equals 2 cm.

Fig. 5 in A new tyrannosaurine (Theropoda:Tyrannosauridae) from the Campanian Foremost Formation of Alberta, Canada, provides insight into the evolution and biogeography of tyrannosaurids

Fig. 5. Left maxilla of referred specimen of Thanatotheristes (TMP 2018.16.1) in lateral view. Note the presence of pronounced vertical ridges (arrows) on subcutaneous surface, an autapomorphy of the taxon. Abbreviations: dvr, dorsoventral ridges; sc-afos, subcutaneous-antorbital fossa boundary. Scale bar equals 5 cm.

Fig. 6 in A new tyrannosaurine (Theropoda:Tyrannosauridae) from the Campanian Foremost Formation of Alberta, Canada, provides insight into the evolution and biogeography of tyrannosaurids

Fig. 6. Comparison of right jugal (lateral view) and jugal sinus in tyrannosaurids. A) Thanatotheristes holotype (TMP 2010.5.7). B) Daspletosaurus torosus (TMP 2001.36.1). Black line represents position of transverse CT slice in the top right. Note the elliptical shape and extensive sinus inflation in the suborbital region cross section of Thanatotheristes, constrasting with the tear-drop shaped and constricted sinus of Daspletosaurus. Abbreviation: jse, jugal sinus endocast. Scale bars equal 3 cm.