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263 results for “ant association”
Data from: Evolutionary déjà vu? A case of convergent evolution in an ant-plant association
<p>Obligatory ant-plant symbioses often appear to be single evolutionary shifts within particular ant lineages; however, convergence can be revealed once natural history observations are complemented with molecular phylogenetics. Here we describe a remarkable example of convergent evolution in an ant-plant symbiotic system. Exclusively arboreal, <em>Myrmelachista</em> species can be generalized opportunists nesting in several plant species or obligately symbiotic, live-stem nesters of a narrow set of plant species. Instances of specialization within <em>Myrmelachista</em> are known from northern South America and throughout Middle America. In Middle America, a diverse radiation of specialists occupies understory treelets of lowland rainforests. The morphological and behavioural uniformity of specialists suggests that they form a monophyletic assemblage, diversifying after a single origin of specialization. Using ultraconserved element phylogenomics and ancestral state reconstruction, we show that shifts from opportunistic to obligately symbiotic evolved independently in South and Middle America. Furthermore, our analyses strongly support a remarkable case of convergence within the Middle American radiation, with two independently evolved specialist clades, arising nearly simultaneously from putative opportunistic ancestors during the late Pliocene. This repeated evolution of a complex phenotype suggests similar mechanisms behind trait shifts from opportunists to specialists, generating further questions about the selective forces driving specialization.</p>
Fig. 6 in , a New Neotropical Jackal Fly Genus of Milichiidae (Insecta: Diptera) Associated with Carton Ant Nest.
Fig. 6. Distribution map of known occurrence of Brakemyia metallica, gen. et sp. nov.
Data from: The socially parasitic ant Polyergus mexicanus has host-associated genetic population structure and related neighboring nests
<p>The genetic structure of populations can be both a cause and a consequence of ecological interactions. For parasites, genetic structure may be a consequence of preferences for host species or of mating behavior. Conversely, genetic structure can determine where conspecific interactions among parasites lay on a spectrum from cooperation to conflict. We used microsatellite loci to characterize the genetic structure of a population of the socially parasitic dulotic (aka "slave-making") ant (<i>Polyergus mexicanus</i>), which is known for its host-specificity and conspecific aggression. First, we assessed whether the pattern of host species use by the parasite has influenced parasite population structure. We found that host species use was correlated with subpopulation structure, but this correlation was imperfect: some subpopulations used one host species exclusively, while others used several. Second, we examined the viscosity of the parasite population by measuring the relatedness of pairs of neighboring parasitic ant nests at varying distances from each other. Although natural history observations of local dispersal by queens suggested the potential for viscosity, there was no strong correlation between relatedness and distance between nests. However, 35% of nests had a closely related neighboring nest, indicating that kinship could potentially affect the nature of some interactions between nests of this social parasite. Our findings confirm that ecological forces like host species selection can shape the genetic structure of parasite populations, and that such genetic structure has the potential to influence parasite-parasite interactions in social parasites via inclusive fitness.</p>
FIGURE 6 in A new genus of mites of the subfamily Platyseiinae associated with Azteca ant galleries in Cecropia trees in Costa Rica (Acari: Mesostigmata: Blattisociidae)
FIGURE 6: Calyptoseius longinoi n. sp. deutonymph: A – Idiosoma, dorsal view; B – Idiosoma, ventral view.
FIGURE 7 in A new genus of mites of the subfamily Platyseiinae associated with Azteca ant galleries in Cecropia trees in Costa Rica (Acari: Mesostigmata: Blattisociidae)
FIGURE 7: Calyptoseius longinoi n. sp. protonymph: A – Idiosoma, dorsal view; B – Idiosoma, ventral view; C – Detail of corniculi and salivary styli; D – Detail of apex of subcapitulum.
FIGURE 5 in A new genus of mites of the subfamily Platyseiinae associated with Azteca ant galleries in Cecropia trees in Costa Rica (Acari: Mesostigmata: Blattisociidae)
FIGURE 5: Calyptoseius longinoi n. sp., adult female: A – Tarsus I, detail of distal seta "s"; B – Tarsus I, dorsal view; C – Tarsus II, dorsal view; D – detail of pretarsus, ventral view; E – Detail of basitarsus III; F – Tarsus IV, anterolateral view and detail of dorsal strap-like seta. Fig. B, solid black circles refer to ventral setae; Figs. C-F, dorsal setae in solid black color.
FIGURE 4 in A new genus of mites of the subfamily Platyseiinae associated with Azteca ant galleries in Cecropia trees in Costa Rica (Acari: Mesostigmata: Blattisociidae)
FIGURE 4: Calyptoseius longinoi n. sp., legs I-IV excluding tarsus, adult female: A – Leg I, dorsal view; B – Leg II, dorsal view; C – Leg III, anterolateral view; D – Leg IV, anterolateral view. Dorsal setae in solid black color.
FIGURE 2 in A new genus of mites of the subfamily Platyseiinae associated with Azteca ant galleries in Cecropia trees in Costa Rica (Acari: Mesostigmata: Blattisociidae)
FIGURE 2: Calyptoseius longinoi n. sp., adult female: A – Idiosoma, ventral view; B – Detail of proximal region of peritrematal shield and its fusion with exopodal strip; C – Chelicera, anterolateral view; D – Fixed cheliceral digit, lateral detail of distal region; E – Dorsum of fixed digit, with detail of dorsal cheliceral seta.
FIGURE 1 in A new genus of mites of the subfamily Platyseiinae associated with Azteca ant galleries in Cecropia trees in Costa Rica (Acari: Mesostigmata: Blattisociidae)
FIGURE 1: Calyptoseius longinoi n. sp., adult female: A – Idiosoma, dorsal view; B – Detail of denoted dorsal setae; C – Gnathotectum; D – Subcapitulum; E – Tritosternum; F – Palp, dorsolateral view; dorsal setae in solid black color; G – Detail of palptarsus.
FIGURE 2 in Description Of A New Ant-Associated Species (Acari: Mesostigmata: Laelapidae) From Iran
FIGURE 2: Myrmozercon iranicus Babaeian and Nemati n. sp., female: A – Leg I, right side; B – Leg II, left side; C – Leg III, right side; D –
FIGURE 1 in Description Of A New Ant-Associated Species (Acari: Mesostigmata: Laelapidae) From Iran
FIGURE 1: Myrmozercon iranicus Babaeian and Nemati n. sp., female: A – Dorsal idiosoma; B – Ventral idiosoma; C – Gnathosoma; D – Epistome; E – Palp, right side (trochanter, femur and genu); F – Palp-tarsal apotele; G – Chelicera.
Data and R scripts for: Ant invasions is associated with lower root density and different root distribution of a foundational savanna tree species
<p>Some invasive ants have worldwide distributions and impose substantial impacts on human society and native biodiversity. Yet we know little about how ants impact soil ecosystems in general, much less how soil ecosystems shift when invasive ants move in. We excavated the coarse roots of a monodominant savanna tree in invaded and uninvaded areas to test the hypothesis that the presence of invasive ants would be associated with changes in root distribution and biomass across the landscape. We found that in the presence of invasive ants, trees had a shifted distribution of lateral coarse roots, with proportionally less root biomass near the surface and far from tree stems. In addition, the density of lateral coarse-root biomass was ~20% lower for trees within invaded landscapes. Our results suggest that soil-nesting invasive ants can drive important changes in rooting strategy for a tree species that serves a foundational role in the biogeochemical cycles of vertisol savannas.</p>
Fig. 6 in The coccid-tending ant genus Acropyga Roger and its obligate associated myrmecophilous scale insect genus Eumyrmococcus Silvestri new to Italy (Hymenoptera: Formicidae; Hemiptera: Xenococcidae)
Fig. 6 – Acropyga paleartica, male: head, frontal view (Scale bar: 0.5 mm).
Fig. 5 in The coccid-tending ant genus Acropyga Roger and its obligate associated myrmecophilous scale insect genus Eumyrmococcus Silvestri new to Italy (Hymenoptera: Formicidae; Hemiptera: Xenococcidae)
Fig. 5 – Acropyga paleartica, male: body, lateral view (Scale bar: 1 mm).
Fig. 3 in The coccid-tending ant genus Acropyga Roger and its obligate associated myrmecophilous scale insect genus Eumyrmococcus Silvestri new to Italy (Hymenoptera: Formicidae; Hemiptera: Xenococcidae)
Fig. 3 – Acropyga paleartica, gyne: body, lateral view (Scale bar: 1 mm).
Fig. 2 in The coccid-tending ant genus Acropyga Roger and its obligate associated myrmecophilous scale insect genus Eumyrmococcus Silvestri new to Italy (Hymenoptera: Formicidae; Hemiptera: Xenococcidae)
Fig. 2 – Acropyga paleartica, known distribution.
Fig. 1 in The coccid-tending ant genus Acropyga Roger and its obligate associated myrmecophilous scale insect genus Eumyrmococcus Silvestri new to Italy (Hymenoptera: Formicidae; Hemiptera: Xenococcidae)
Fig. 1 – An Acropyga paleartica gyne carring one Eumyrmococcus corynthiacus female.
Data for: Expression of trematode-induced zombie-ant behavior is strongly associated with temperature
<p><span>Parasite-induced modification of host behavior increasing transmission to a next host is a common phenomenon. However, field-based studies are rare and the role of environmental factors in eliciting host behavioral modification is often not considered. We examined the effects of temperature, relative humidity (RH), time of day, date, and an irradiation-proxy on behavioral modification of the ant <em>Formica</em> <em>polyctena</em> </span><span>(Förster, 1850)</span><span> by the brain-encysting lancet liver fluke <em>Dicrocoelium</em> <em>dendriticum</em> </span><span>(Rudolphi, 1819)</span><span>. This fluke induces ants to climb, and bite to vegetation by the mandibles in a state of temporary tetany. A total of 1,264 individual ants expressing the modified behavior were observed over 13 non-consecutive days during one year in the Bidstrup Forests, Denmark. A sub-set of those ants (N=172) was individually marked to track attachment and release of infected ants in relation to variation in</span><span> temperature.</span></p>
Static allometries of caste-associated traits vary with genotype but not environment in the clonal raider ant
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Data for: Expression of trematode-induced zombie-ant behavior is strongly associated with temperature
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.