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Fig. 2 in Where have all the grouse ticks gone? Apparent decline in collections of Haemaphysalis chordeilis Packard
Fig. 2. Published records of H. chordeilis (N = 96) by collection month. Records that did not specify collection month are excluded. Asterisks denote autumn months where hunting season is open for most game birds in North America, which likely influenced collections of H. chordeilis.
Fig. 3 in Where have all the grouse ticks gone? Apparent decline in collections of Haemaphysalis chordeilis Packard
Fig. 3. Geographic locations of H. chordeilis records (N = 152). Records with no location information are excluded. In cases where a specific location (town or site) was not given, the state or county midpoint was used instead, taken from https://www. mapdevelopers.com/geocode_tool.php. Base map developed by the North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) and downloaded from https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/ 4fb555ebe4b04cb937751db9. Species range maps developed by the U.S. Geological Survey Patuxent Wildlife Research Center based on National Breeding Bird Survey data from 2011 to 2015 and downloaded from https://www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov/bbs/shape_ ra15.html. Map created in QGIS Desktop v3.22.3.
Fig. 1 in Where have all the grouse ticks gone? Apparent decline in collections of Haemaphysalis chordeilis Packard
Fig. 1. Published records of H. chordeilis (N = 161) by decade. Note that when no year was given for the collection, the year of the publication was used, so some records may have occurred earlier.
Data for "Site-Specific Management Zones Delineation Based on Apparent Soil Electrical Conductivity in Two Contrasting Fields of Southern Brazil"
<p>This dataset contains soybean yield, soil property values, and apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) from two farms located in the South of Brazil. The data description and methods can be found in the paper:</p> <p><strong>Bottega, E. L., Safanelli, J. L., Zeraatpisheh, M., Amado, T. J. C., Queiroz, D. M. de, & Oliveira, Z. B. de. (2022). Site-Specific Management Zones Delineation Based on Apparent Soil Electrical Conductivity in Two Contrasting Fields of Southern Brazil. In Agronomy (Vol. 12, Issue 6, p. 1390). MDPI AG. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12061390</strong></p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>Management practices that aim to increase the profitability of agricultural production with minimal environmental impact must consider within-field soil variability, and this site-specific management can be addressed by precision agriculture (PA). Thus, this work aimed to investigate which key soil attributes are distinguishable management zones (MZ) delineated based on the soil apparent electrical conductivity (ECa), using fuzzy k-means, in two fields with contrasting soil textures in southern Brazil. For this, a grid scheme (50 × 50 m) was applied to measure ECa, conduct soil sampling for analysis, and determine soybean yield. The MZ were delineated based on the ECa spatial distribution, and statistical non-parametric tests (p < 0.05) were employed to compare the soil chemical and physical attributes among MZ. The management zones were able to distinguish the average values of Clay, Silt, pH, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, SB, Al<sup>3+</sup>, H<sup>+</sup> + Al<sup>3+</sup>, AS%, and BS%. In the field classified as sandy clay loam texture, management zones were able to differentiate the average values of soybean yield, Clay, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, SB, and CEC. Thus, this study supports the ECa as an efficient tool for delineating MZ of contrasting cropland soils in southern Brazil to understand the within-field soil variability and adjust the inputs accordingly.</p>
Linked collectors and determiners for: The Panjange nigrifrons group in Borneo (Araneae: Pholcidae): high diversity in Sarawak, apparent absence in Sabah.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "The Panjange nigrifrons group in Borneo (Araneae: Pholcidae): high diversity in Sarawak, apparent absence in Sabah". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/2e754b68-5172-4cdc-8106-6b27d7bec3ca">https://bionomia.net/dataset/2e754b68-5172-4cdc-8106-6b27d7bec3ca</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/2e754b68-5172-4cdc-8106-6b27d7bec3ca">https://gbif.org/dataset/2e754b68-5172-4cdc-8106-6b27d7bec3ca</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Text-fig. 2. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy volume renderings (a, b) and orthoslices (c–e) of Mugideiriflora portugallica gen. et sp. nov. from the Early Cretaceous Catefica locality, Portugal (holotype, S174254, Catefica sample 150). Yellow dots – stamens, red dots – carpels. a) Flower in lateral view showing the broad bases of the laminar tepals; b) Flower in longitudinal section showing the flat to slightly concave floral receptacle with a central conical gynoecial region (cut between orthoslices yz0800 and 1220); c) Flower in transverse section showing the numerous laminar tepals in several series and the stamens cut in the region of the poorly differentiated anthers; note cellular differences between outer (op) and inner (in) perianth parts, as well as and transverse sections of anthers, apparently with laterally to slightly dorsally placed pollen sacs (arrow heads) (cut at orthoslice xy0770); d) Flower in transverse section showing the numerous laminar tepals in several series, flattened rhomboidal stamen bases in several series, and poorly differentiated carpels (cut at orthoslice xy0820); e) Flower in transverse section showing the numerous laminar tepals in several series, flattened rhomboidal stamen bases in several series, and poorly differentiated carpels (cut at orthoslice xy0920); f) Flower in longitudinal section showing the shallowly concave floral receptacle with laminar tepals, stamens, and a central conical gynoecial region bearing poorly differentiated carpels (cut at orthoslice yz0900); g) Flower in longitudinal section perpendicular to that in (f) showing stamens and poorly differentiated carpels (cut at orthoslice xz1630). Scale bars = 1 mm (a, b), 500 µm (c–g). in Multiparted, Apocarpous Flowers From The Early Cretaceous Of Eastern North America And Portugal
Text-fig. 2. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy volume renderings (a, b) and orthoslices (c–e) of Mugideiriflora portugallica gen. et sp. nov. from the Early Cretaceous Catefica locality, Portugal (holotype, S174254, Catefica sample 150). Yellow dots – stamens, red dots – carpels. a) Flower in lateral view showing the broad bases of the laminar tepals; b) Flower in longitudinal section showing the flat to slightly concave floral receptacle with a central conical gynoecial region (cut between orthoslices yz0800 and 1220); c) Flower in transverse section showing the numerous laminar tepals in several series and the stamens cut in the region of the poorly differentiated anthers; note cellular differences between outer (op) and inner (in) perianth parts, as well as and transverse sections of anthers, apparently with laterally to slightly dorsally placed pollen sacs (arrow heads) (cut at orthoslice xy0770); d) Flower in transverse section showing the numerous laminar tepals in several series, flattened rhomboidal stamen bases in several series, and poorly differentiated carpels (cut at orthoslice xy0820); e) Flower in transverse section showing the numerous laminar tepals in several series, flattened rhomboidal stamen bases in several series, and poorly differentiated carpels (cut at orthoslice xy0920); f) Flower in longitudinal section showing the shallowly concave floral receptacle with laminar tepals, stamens, and a central conical gynoecial region bearing poorly differentiated carpels (cut at orthoslice yz0900); g) Flower in longitudinal section perpendicular to that in (f) showing stamens and poorly differentiated carpels (cut at orthoslice xz1630). Scale bars = 1 mm (a, b), 500 µm (c–g).
Text-fig. 1. Scanning electron micrographs of Mugideiriflora portugallica gen. et sp. nov. from the Early Cretaceous Catefica locality, Portugal (holotype, S174254, Catefica sample 150). a) Flower in oblique lateral view showing numerous broad tepals, numerous inwardly curved stamens and the flat floral receptacle with a conical gynoecial region; b–c) Flower in two different oblique apical views showing numerous broad laminar tepals and inwardly curved stamens surrounding the carpels; note cellular differences between outer (op) and inner (in) perianth parts, as well as bases of anthers, apparently with laterally to slightly dorsally placed pollen sacs (arrow heads); d) Detail of flower showing a cluster of poorly differentiated carpels in the center surrounded by elongated stamens; note grooves in the dorsal surface of the stamens indicating the position of the pollen sacs; e) Detail of flower showing the broad bases of the laminar tepals, rhomboidal stamen bases and poorly differentiated carpels; f) Detail of flower showing inwardly arched stamens and poorly differentiated carpels. Scale bars = 1 mm (a–c), 200 µm (d–f). in Multiparted, Apocarpous Flowers From The Early Cretaceous Of Eastern North America And Portugal
Text-fig. 1. Scanning electron micrographs of Mugideiriflora portugallica gen. et sp. nov. from the Early Cretaceous Catefica locality, Portugal (holotype, S174254, Catefica sample 150). a) Flower in oblique lateral view showing numerous broad tepals, numerous inwardly curved stamens and the flat floral receptacle with a conical gynoecial region; b–c) Flower in two different oblique apical views showing numerous broad laminar tepals and inwardly curved stamens surrounding the carpels; note cellular differences between outer (op) and inner (in) perianth parts, as well as bases of anthers, apparently with laterally to slightly dorsally placed pollen sacs (arrow heads); d) Detail of flower showing a cluster of poorly differentiated carpels in the center surrounded by elongated stamens; note grooves in the dorsal surface of the stamens indicating the position of the pollen sacs; e) Detail of flower showing the broad bases of the laminar tepals, rhomboidal stamen bases and poorly differentiated carpels; f) Detail of flower showing inwardly arched stamens and poorly differentiated carpels. Scale bars = 1 mm (a–c), 200 µm (d–f).
Text-fig. 13. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of pollen or spore clump with pollen grains or spores of unknown affinity that occur separately or adhering together in dyads, triads and tetrads; Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Clump of pollen or spores that yielded the pollen or spores in this Text-figure; b–f) Grains adhering together in twos, threes or fours (b–e) or occurring singly and apparently with a proximal trilete mark (f); note that the adhering grains are connected by a smooth bandlike covering, perhaps remains of the microspore mother cell; note also abundant orbicules of various sizes among and over the grains. Specimen, TV44-S148149. Scale bars 300 Μm (a), 30 Μm (b–f). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Torres Vedras (Ne Of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis Of An Early Angiosperm Community
Text-fig. 13. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of pollen or spore clump with pollen grains or spores of unknown affinity that occur separately or adhering together in dyads, triads and tetrads; Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Clump of pollen or spores that yielded the pollen or spores in this Text-figure; b–f) Grains adhering together in twos, threes or fours (b–e) or occurring singly and apparently with a proximal trilete mark (f); note that the adhering grains are connected by a smooth bandlike covering, perhaps remains of the microspore mother cell; note also abundant orbicules of various sizes among and over the grains. Specimen, TV44-S148149. Scale bars 300 Μm (a), 30 Μm (b–f).
Text-fig. 2. First upper molar variation in Progonomys husssaini from three localities in the upper part of the Nagri Formation, Potwar Plateau, Pakistan. The 12 molars are oriented with buccal side upward, each at the same 1 mm scale, making size variation apparent. a) YGSP 33187 from locality Y 450; b) 34556, c) 54131, d) 54143, e) 54151, f) 54152, all from Y 311; g) 33937, h) 33947, i) 33957, j) 33959, k) 33963, l) 33976 all from Y 259. Figures a, c, e, f, h, k are all right M1; the others are left M1. in Early Late Miocene Murine Rodents From The Upper Part Of The Nagri Formation, Siwalik Group, Pakistan, With A New Fossil Calibration Point For The Tribe Apodemurini (Apodemus/Tokudaia)
Text-fig. 2. First upper molar variation in Progonomys husssaini from three localities in the upper part of the Nagri Formation, Potwar Plateau, Pakistan. The 12 molars are oriented with buccal side upward, each at the same 1 mm scale, making size variation apparent. a) YGSP 33187 from locality Y 450; b) 34556, c) 54131, d) 54143, e) 54151, f) 54152, all from Y 311; g) 33937, h) 33947, i) 33957, j) 33959, k) 33963, l) 33976 all from Y 259. Figures a, c, e, f, h, k are all right M1; the others are left M1.
Text-fig. 42. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, b, e) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, c, d, f–g) images of "Tricarpellate flower sp. 1"; Catefica locality, Portugal. a, b) Flower bud in two different lateral views showing semiinferior ovary and perianth; c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0340) through flower bud in (a and b) showing the semi-inferior gynoecium and perigynous insertion of other floral parts; d) Volume rendering of flower bud with pedicel preserved; note the depression/split in one of the corner apparently separating two perianth lobes of the outer perianth whorl (t-o) and exposing one tepal of the inner whorl (t-i); e) Flower bud with pedicel preserved; note broad tepals of the outer whorl (t-o) and tepal of the inner whorl abraded exposing a broad stamen (st); f, g) Transverse sections through flower bud in (a and b) at two different levels above the insertion of the perianth (f, rec-file 1310; g, xy0280) showing the trimerous organization of the flower and the free, laterally flattened carpels; yellow indicates the two whorls of the androecium, each with three stamens. Specimens, Catefica 50-S171520 (a–c, f), Catefica 50-S174902 (d), Catefica MM154-P0271 (e), Catefica 49-S175354 (g). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–e). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 42. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, b, e) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, c, d, f–g) images of "Tricarpellate flower sp. 1"; Catefica locality, Portugal. a, b) Flower bud in two different lateral views showing semiinferior ovary and perianth; c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0340) through flower bud in (a and b) showing the semi-inferior gynoecium and perigynous insertion of other floral parts; d) Volume rendering of flower bud with pedicel preserved; note the depression/split in one of the corner apparently separating two perianth lobes of the outer perianth whorl (t-o) and exposing one tepal of the inner whorl (t-i); e) Flower bud with pedicel preserved; note broad tepals of the outer whorl (t-o) and tepal of the inner whorl abraded exposing a broad stamen (st); f, g) Transverse sections through flower bud in (a and b) at two different levels above the insertion of the perianth (f, rec-file 1310; g, xy0280) showing the trimerous organization of the flower and the free, laterally flattened carpels; yellow indicates the two whorls of the androecium, each with three stamens. Specimens, Catefica 50-S171520 (a–c, f), Catefica 50-S174902 (d), Catefica MM154-P0271 (e), Catefica 49-S175354 (g). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–e).
Text-fig. 29. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of stamens and pollen grains of cf. Endressistemon sp. 1 (a, b), cf. Endressistemon sp. 2 (c, d) and cf. Endressistemon sp. 3 (e–g); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Two adhering stamens, each with a long, pointed extension of the connective; b) Monocolpate, reticulate pollen in situ in stamen from stamen pair in (a); c) Fragment of stamen with prominent apical extension of the connective; d) Reticulate, apparently monocolpate, pollen in situ in stamen fragment in (c); e) Stamen with basifixed anther, perhaps sessile, and with prominent, wing-like apical extensions of the connective; note the dehisced thecae with the anther wall curved back; f, g) Monocolpate, reticulate pollen in situ in stamen in (e). Specimens, Catefica 49-S107780 (a, b), Catefica 49-S107784 (c, d), Catefica 49-S107781 (e–g). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a, c, e), 6 Μm (b, d, f, g). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 29. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of stamens and pollen grains of cf. Endressistemon sp. 1 (a, b), cf. Endressistemon sp. 2 (c, d) and cf. Endressistemon sp. 3 (e–g); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Two adhering stamens, each with a long, pointed extension of the connective; b) Monocolpate, reticulate pollen in situ in stamen from stamen pair in (a); c) Fragment of stamen with prominent apical extension of the connective; d) Reticulate, apparently monocolpate, pollen in situ in stamen fragment in (c); e) Stamen with basifixed anther, perhaps sessile, and with prominent, wing-like apical extensions of the connective; note the dehisced thecae with the anther wall curved back; f, g) Monocolpate, reticulate pollen in situ in stamen in (e). Specimens, Catefica 49-S107780 (a, b), Catefica 49-S107784 (c, d), Catefica 49-S107781 (e–g). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a, c, e), 6 Μm (b, d, f, g).
Text-fig. 8. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of staminate inflorescences and pollen of Proencistemon portugallicus gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a, b) Staminate inflorescences composed of numerous tetrasporangiate stamens; each stamen lacks a filament and there is no clear indication of other floral organs; note apparently paired arrangement of stamens in (b) (asterisks); c) Pollen in situ in anther from specimen in (a) showing poorly defined trichotomocolpate aperture and semitectate-reticulate tectum; d) Detail of pollen from specimen in (a) showing narrow muri with beaded surface ornamentation; e) Distal and proximal views of pollen in situ in an anther fragment; f) Orbicules attached to surface of in situ pollen from anther fragment. Specimens, Catefica M282-P0341 (holotype, a, c, d), Catefica 150-S174257 (b), Catefica 50-S170393 (e, f). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a, b), 6 Μm (c, e), 1.5 Μm (d, f). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 8. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of staminate inflorescences and pollen of Proencistemon portugallicus gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a, b) Staminate inflorescences composed of numerous tetrasporangiate stamens; each stamen lacks a filament and there is no clear indication of other floral organs; note apparently paired arrangement of stamens in (b) (asterisks); c) Pollen in situ in anther from specimen in (a) showing poorly defined trichotomocolpate aperture and semitectate-reticulate tectum; d) Detail of pollen from specimen in (a) showing narrow muri with beaded surface ornamentation; e) Distal and proximal views of pollen in situ in an anther fragment; f) Orbicules attached to surface of in situ pollen from anther fragment. Specimens, Catefica M282-P0341 (holotype, a, c, d), Catefica 150-S174257 (b), Catefica 50-S170393 (e, f). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a, b), 6 Μm (c, e), 1.5 Μm (d, f).
Text-fig. 9. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of stamens and pollen of Proencistemon portugallicus gen. et sp. nov. (a–g) and Proencistemon sp. (h–j); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of stamen whorl from staminate inflorescence showing almost sessile anthers; note short bracts at the base of the stamen whorl (arrow) and apparent paired arrangement of the stamens; b) Fragment of stamen whorl showing almost sessile anthers and apparent paired arrangement of the stamens; c) Pollen in situ from stamen whorl in (b) showing poorly defined trichotomocolpate aperture and semitectate-reticulate tectum; d–g) Distal views of pollen in situ from pollen clump showing poorly defined trichotomocolpate aperture, semitectate-reticulate tectum (d–f), and fractured pollen wall with long, scattered columellae supporting narrow muri (g); h) Fragment of staminate inflorescence with narrow, almost sessile, stamens; i, j) Pollen from fragment of staminate inflorescence in (h) showing poorly defined trichotomocolpate aperture (i), semitectate-reticulate tectum (i, j) and long, scattered columellae supporting narrow muri (j). Specimens, Catefica 49-S266015 (a), Catefica 342-S122086 (b, c), Catefica 50-S170394 (d–g), Catefica 49-S107783 (h–j). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a, b, h), 6 Μm (c–f, i), 1.5 Μm (g, j). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 9. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of stamens and pollen of Proencistemon portugallicus gen. et sp. nov. (a–g) and Proencistemon sp. (h–j); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of stamen whorl from staminate inflorescence showing almost sessile anthers; note short bracts at the base of the stamen whorl (arrow) and apparent paired arrangement of the stamens; b) Fragment of stamen whorl showing almost sessile anthers and apparent paired arrangement of the stamens; c) Pollen in situ from stamen whorl in (b) showing poorly defined trichotomocolpate aperture and semitectate-reticulate tectum; d–g) Distal views of pollen in situ from pollen clump showing poorly defined trichotomocolpate aperture, semitectate-reticulate tectum (d–f), and fractured pollen wall with long, scattered columellae supporting narrow muri (g); h) Fragment of staminate inflorescence with narrow, almost sessile, stamens; i, j) Pollen from fragment of staminate inflorescence in (h) showing poorly defined trichotomocolpate aperture (i), semitectate-reticulate tectum (i, j) and long, scattered columellae supporting narrow muri (j). Specimens, Catefica 49-S266015 (a), Catefica 342-S122086 (b, c), Catefica 50-S170394 (d–g), Catefica 49-S107783 (h–j). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a, b, h), 6 Μm (c–f, i), 1.5 Μm (g, j).
Figs 15–17 in Vendaphaea, a new dark sac spider genus apparently endemic to the Soutpansberg Mountains, South Africa (Araneae: Corinnidae)
Figs 15–17. Scanning electron micrographs of V. lajuma sp. n. ^spinnerets: (15) ALS, (16) PMS, (17) PLS. Abbreviations: Ac – aciniform gland spigot, Cy – cylindrical gland spigot, miAMP – minor ampullate gland spigot, Pi – piriform gland spigot.
Figs 22–27 in Vendaphaea, a new dark sac spider genus apparently endemic to the Soutpansberg Mountains, South Africa (Araneae: Corinnidae)
Figs 22–27. Vendaphaea lajuma sp. n., male (22–25) and female (26, 27) genitalia: (22) left palp, prolateral view; (23) same, ventral view; (24) same, retrolateral view; (25) same, dorsal view; (26) epigyne, ventral view; (27) same, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.25 mm.
Figs 18–21 in Vendaphaea, a new dark sac spider genus apparently endemic to the Soutpansberg Mountains, South Africa (Araneae: Corinnidae)
Figs 18–21. Scanning electron micrographs of Vendaphaea lajuma sp. n. genitalia: (18) male palp, dorsal view; (19) cymbial setae, enlarged; (20) male palpal tegulum, ventral view; (21) female epigyne, ventral view. Abbreviations: CD – conductor, CO – copulatory opening, CS – clavate cymbial setae, DL – dorsal lobe of palpal tibia, DSM – dorsal setal mat, EM – embolus, EP – epigynal plug, MA – median apophysis, MS – median septum, PCR – proximal cymbial ridge, SS – setal mat setae, TA – tibial apophysis.
Files associated with Christopher Holder and Anand Gnanadesikan, How well do Earth System Models capture apparent relationships between phytoplankton biomass and environmental variables? [Version 1]
<p><strong>1. process_cmip_rf.m</strong> is a matlab script that reads a single file, generates a random forest using the parameters in the associated paper and computes permutation importance and sensitivities. Note- in order to get process_cmip_rf.m to work as written you must have the Statistics and Machine Learning toolbox installed on Matlab and download the table_modis.asc file below. </p> <p>Files 2-16 are tabular filew containing all datapoints used in Random Forest analysis for the NCAR CESM2 model. Columns are</p> <p> 1. Index of point, enabling a mapping back to the model grid if the resolution is known.</p> <p> 2. Longitude</p> <p> 3. Latitude</p> <p> 4. Month</p> <p> 5. Iron in mol/m<sup>3</sup>.</p> <p> 6. Mixed layer in m.</p> <p> 7. Ammonia in mol/m<sup>3</sup></p> <p> 8. Nitrate in mol/m<sup>3</sup>.</p> <p> 9. Phytoplankton carbon in mol/m<sup>3</sup>.</p> <p> 10. Phosphate in mol/m<sup>3</sup>.</p> <p> 11. Shortwave radiation (net solar radiation at ocean surface in W/m<sup>2</sup>).</p> <p> 12. Silicate in mol/m<sup>3</sup>.</p> <p> 13. Salinity in PSU</p> <p> 14. Temperature in C.</p> <p> 15. Upwelling velocity in m/s.</p> <p>If variable is not included in the dataset, the column will be filled with zeros.</p> <p><strong>2.table_cesm2.asc:</strong> Data created from Danabasoglu, G., 2019, NCAR CESM model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP esm-pi-control <a href="http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.7579">http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.7579</a>. Grid is 360x180x12</p> <p><strong>3.table_cems2_fv2.asc:</strong> Data created from Danabasoglu, G., 2019, NCAR CESM-FV2 model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP pi-control <a href="http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.11301">http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.11301</a>. Grid is 360x180x12</p> <p><strong>4. table_cesm2_waccm.asc: </strong>Data created from Danabasoglu, G., 2019, NCAR CESM2-WACCM model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP piControl <a href="http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.10094">http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.10094</a>. Grid is 360x180x12</p> <p><strong>5. table_cesm2_waccm_fv2.asc</strong>: Data created from Danabasoglu, G., 2019, NCAR CESM-WACCM-FV2 model output prepared for CMIP CMIP piControl, <a href="http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.11302">http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.11302</a>. Grid is 360x180x12</p> <p><strong>6. table_gfdl_cm4.asc</strong>: Data created from Guo, Huan; John, Jasmin G; Blanton, Chris et al,2018, NOAA-GFDL GFDL-CM4 model output piControl, <a href="http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.8666">http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.8666</a>. Grid is 360x180x12</p> <p><strong>7.table_gfdl_esm4.asc</strong> Data created from Krasting, John P.; John, Jasmin G; Blanton, Chris et al., 2018, NOAA-GFDL GFDL-ESM4 model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP piControl, <a href="http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.8669">http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.8669</a>. Grid 360x180x12</p> <p><strong>8. table_ipsl_cm5a2_inca.asc:</strong> Data created from Boucher, Olivier; Denvil, Sébastien; Levavasseur, Guillaume et al.: 2021, IPSL IPSL-CM5A2-INCA model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP piControl <a href="http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.13683">http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.13683</a>. Grid is 182x149x12</p> <p><strong>9.</strong> <strong>table_ipsl_cm6a_lr.asc:</strong> Data created from Boucher, Olivier; Denvil, Sébastien; Levavasseur, Guillaume et al., 2018:, IPSL IPSL-CM6A-LR model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP piControl, <a href="http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.5251">http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.5251</a>. Grid is 362x332x12.</p> <p><strong>10</strong>. <strong>table_mpi_esm1-2-ham.asc:</strong> Neubauer, David; Ferrachat, Sylvaine; Siegenthaler-Le Drian, Colombe et al., 2019: HAMMOZ-Consortium MPI-ESM1.2-HAM model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP piControl, <a href="http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.5037">http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.5037</a>. Grid is 256x220x12.</p> <p><strong>11</strong>. <strong>table_mpi_esm1-2-hr.asc:</strong> Data created from Jungclaus, Johann; Bittner, Matthias; Wieners, Karl-Hermann et al., 2019: MPI-M MPI-ESM1.2-HR model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP piControl <a href="http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.6674">http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.6674</a>. Grid is 802x404x12.</p> <p><strong>12</strong>. <strong>table_mpi_esm1-2-lr.asc:</strong> Data created from Wieners, Karl-Hermann; Giorgetta, Marco; Jungclaus, Johann et al. 2019:MPI-M MPI-ESM1.2-LR model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP piControl</p> <p> <a href="http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.6675">http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.6675</a>. Grid is 256x220x12.</p> <p><strong>13. </strong><strong>table_noresm2-lm.asc: </strong>Seland, Øyvind; Bentsen, Mats; Oliviè, Dirk Jan Leo et al.,2019 NCC NorESM2-LM model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP piControl, <a href="http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.8217">http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.8217</a>. Grid is 360x385x12</p> <p><strong>14.</strong><strong> table_noresm2-mm.asc</strong>: Data created from Bentsen, Mats; Oliviè, Dirk Jan Leo; Seland, Øyvind et al.,2019 <strong>:</strong> NCC NorESM2-MM model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP piControl, <a href="http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.8221">http://doi.org/10.22033/ESGF/CMIP6.8221</a>. Grid is 360x385x12.</p> <p>15-16. <strong>table_kostadinov.asc, </strong><strong>table_modis.asc</strong> Data is a merger of observational products and model output Observational climatologies for temperature, salinity, mixed layer depth, silicate, phosphate, and nitrate were downloaded from the World Ocean Atlas (WOA) 2018 (Garcia et al., 2019; Locarnini et al., 2019; Zweng et al., 2019). MODIS-POC was downloaded from oceancolor.nasa.gov. Kostadinov POC is taken from <a href="https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.859005">https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.859005</a> Grid is 360x180x12.</p>
Breeding season forest fragment size does not create negative carry-over for adult Wood Thrushes on fall migration timing or apparent annual survival
<p>Although carry-over effects related to wintering habitat quality are known to influence population dynamics of migratory songbirds, the presence of breeding season carry-over is under-studied in full annual cycle models. To test whether forest fragment size on the breeding grounds can impose negative carry-over effects on a migratory songbird, we fitted adult Wood Thrushes with one-year coded radio-tags in forest fragments ranging from 11–499 ha in southwestern Ontario during the 2016–2019 breeding seasons and utilized automated telemetry via the Motus Wildlife Tracking System to record fall migration timing and returns the following spring (apparent annual survival). To examine short-term effects of fragment size on breeding females, during the 2018 and 2019 breeding seasons, we collected blood samples during incubation to measure corticosterone levels and tracked complete reproductive success and nest timing. We found that Wood Thrushes breeding in small forest fragments were not subject to strong negative effects on body condition (mass, corticosterone), reproductive success, or timing of the last nest of the season. Next, we found that the onset of fall migration departure was not delayed for birds nesting in small fragments and that apparent annual survival was not linked to breeding fragment size. This suggests that habitat differences linked to fragment size were not strong enough to trigger the kinds of negative carry-over effects (delayed migration, lower reproductive success) that have been documented in other species as a result of poor wintering ground habitat quality. The strength of breeding fragment size-induced seasonal carry-over remains a critical gap in full annual cycle models for other declining migratory songbirds. Our findings suggest that while the importance of preserving large forested areas is often prioritized in conservation projects, small forest fragments can also have high conservation value.</p>
Fulldome video about the apparent motions of the Sun and stars
<p>Fulldome video that illustrates the apparent motions of the Sun and the stars: the daily motion of the stars, the daily motion of the Sun, and the annual motion of the Sun.</p> <p>Produced in collaboration with CeSDA (Italy) and NOESIS (Greece)</p>
Host-enemy interactions provide limited biotic resistance for a range-expanding species via reduced apparent competition
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Aim:</span></strong><span> As species' ranges shift poleward in response to anthropogenic change, they may lose antagonistic interactions if they move into less diverse communities, fail to interact with novel populations or species effectively, or if ancestral interacting populations or species fail to shift synchronously. We leveraged a poleward range expansion in a tractable insect host-enemy community to uncover mechanisms by which altered antagonistic interactions between native and recipient communities contributed to "high niche opportunities" (limited biotic resistance) for a range-expanding insect. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Location:</span></strong><span> North America, Pacific Northwest</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Methods:</span></strong><span> We created quantitative insect host-enemy interaction networks by sampling oak gall wasps on 400 trees of a dominant oak species in the native and expanded range of a range-expanding gall wasp species. We compared host-enemy network structure between regions. We measured traits (phenology, morphology) of galls and interacting parasitoids, predicting greater trait divergence in the expanded range. We measured function relating to host control and explored if altered interactions and traits contributed to reduced function or biotic resistance.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Results:</span></strong><span> Interaction networks had fewer species in the expanded range and lower complementarity of parasitoid assemblages among host species. While networks were more generalized, interactions with the range-expanding species were more specialized in the expanded range. Specialist enemies effectively tracked the range-expanding host, and there was reduced apparent competition with co-occurring hosts by shared generalist enemies. Phenological divergence of enemy assemblages interacting with the range-expanding and co-occurring hosts was greater in the expanded range, potentially contributing to weak apparent competition. Biotic resistance was lower in the expanded range, where fewer parasitoids emerged from galls of the range-expanding host.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Main conclusions:</span></strong><span> Changes in interactions with generalist enemies created high niche opportunities, and limited biotic resistance, suggesting weak apparent competition may be a mechanism of enemy release for range-expanding insects embedded within generalist enemy networks.</span></p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.