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91 results for “canids”
Figure 2 in Current status, distribution, and conservation of brown bear (Ursidae) and wild canids (gray wolf, golden jackal, and red fox; Canidae) in Turkey
Figure 2. The distribution map of gray wolf.
Figure 1 in Current status, distribution, and conservation of brown bear (Ursidae) and wild canids (gray wolf, golden jackal, and red fox; Canidae) in Turkey
Figure 1. The distribution map of brown bear.
Figure 2 in Body condition of three autochthonous canid species from Serbia
Figure 2. Differences in KFI values across all seasons in adult jackals.
Figure 5 in Body condition of three autochthonous canid species from Serbia
Figure 5. Differences in KFI between adult jackals, wolves, and foxes in Serbia.
Figure. Differences in KFI between adult jackals, wolves, and foxes across four seasons. in Body condition of three autochthonous canid species from Serbia
Figure. Differences in KFI between adult jackals, wolves, and foxes across four seasons.
Figure 4 in Body condition of three autochthonous canid species from Serbia
Figure 4. Differences in KFI values across all seasons in foxes.
Text-fig. 19. Carnivore chewing traces on the olecranon process of ulna 98-599-B. in Consumption Of Canid Meat At The Gravettian Předmostí Site, The Czech Republic
Text-fig. 19. Carnivore chewing traces on the olecranon process of ulna 98-599-B.
Text-fig. 14. Longitudinal scraping marks on radius 98-595-B, root traces visible on the shaft. in Consumption Of Canid Meat At The Gravettian Předmostí Site, The Czech Republic
Text-fig. 14. Longitudinal scraping marks on radius 98-595-B, root traces visible on the shaft.
Text-fig. 4. Rib fragment inserted in the nasal cavity of canid skull fragment (10). in Consumption Of Canid Meat At The Gravettian Předmostí Site, The Czech Republic
Text-fig. 4. Rib fragment inserted in the nasal cavity of canid skull fragment (10).
Data from: Responses of sympatric canids to human development revealed through citizen science
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Data from: Dietary specialization is linked to reduced species durations in North American fossil canids
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Citizen science project on urban canids provides different results from camera traps but generates interest and revenue
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Data for: Spatial prey availability and pulsed reproductive tactics: encounter risk in a canid-ungulate system
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Gulf coast canids: A wetland coyote ecotype shaped by red wolf introgression
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Leveraging functional morphology to increase accuracy of body mass estimation: A study using canids
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Fig. 2 in Dire wolves were the last of an ancient New World canid lineage
Fig. 2 | Relationships among living and extinct wolf-like canids. a, Time-scaled nuclear phylogeny generated in MCMCtree based on the best-scoring maximum likelihood species tree topology obtained from BPP and SNAPP.Values associated with nodes are mean age estimates (millions of years before present) and bars represent 95% highest posterior densities.The inset table shows the levels of support for the three possible arrangements of the dire wolf (red),the African jackals (orange) and the remaining wolf-like canids (blue) that we obtained using different analytical frameworks when including either one or both of our two highest coverage dire wolf samples (DireSP and DireGB).Although only one dire wolf branch is depicted in the tree, multiple dire wolf individuals were included in some analyses as they form a monophyletic clade (for example,Supplementary Figs.12, 13,15).b, Results of D-statistics used to assess the possibility of gene flow between the dire wolf and extant North American canids.Each dot represents the mean D calculated along the genome and the error bar represents 3 standard deviations computed using a weighted block jackknife procedure over 5-Mb blocks across the genome.Z values of |Z|> 3 were considered significant.These plots show that the dire wolf genomes do not share significantly more derived alleles with extant North American canids compared to Eurasian wolves (values of D were not significantly different from zero),suggesting that no hybridization occurred between the dire wolf and the ancestor of extant North American canids.Non-significant D-statistics were also obtained using an alternative reference genome and using the African wolf as P2 (Supplementary Fig.18 and Supplementary Data 14).c, Results of D-statistics showing the existence of an ancient gene flow event between the ancestor of the dhole,Ethiopian wolf, African wolf,grey wolf and coyotes and the lineage of the dire wolf (consistently non-zero values of D regardless of P1). P1, P2 and P3 in the tree schematic represent genomes that are used in the admixture test.
Fig. 1 in Dire wolves were the last of an ancient New World canid lineage
Fig. 1 | Map of dire wolf remains and morphological differentiation with wolf-like canids. a, Right, map representing the geographical range of the canid species investigated in this study.The data (shape file) for this plot were obtained from the IUCN Red List database36 and plotted using R37. Left,map representing the distribution of sites in the Americas where dire wolf remains (Canis dirus) have been identified (Supplementary Data 1, 2). Coloured circles represent the locations and approximate ages of the remains,with crossed circles representing the five samples from Idaho (2), Ohio (1), Tennessee (1) and Wyoming (1) that yielded sufficient endogenous DNA to reconstruct both mitochondrial genomes and low-coverage nuclear genome sequences.b, Procrustes distances between the combined mandible and M1 shape of dire wolf and other extant canid species.Pairwise Procrustes distances were calculated by superimposing landmarks from molar and mandibular shapes between pairs of specimens and by computing the square root of the squared differences between the coordinates of corresponding landmarks,with and without correction for allometry (Supplementary Information).The centre of the box represents the median,the box bounds represent the quartiles,the whiskers represent maximum and minimum values (±1.5× the interquartile range) and dots represent outliers.
Ancient hybridization with an unknown population facilitated high altitude adaptation of canids
<p>Genetic introgression provides material for adaptive evolution, but also confounds our understanding of evolutionary history. This is particularly true for canids, a species complex in which genome sequencing and analysis has revealed a complex history of admixture and introgression. Here, we use newly sequenced genomes of high-altitude Tibetan and Himalayan wolves to explore the evolutionary history and adaptation of this group. We find that Tibetan and Himalayan wolves are closely related to each other, and that approximately 39-49% of their nuclear genome are derived from an as-yet unrecognized wolf-like lineage that is deeply diverged from living Holarctic wolves and dogs. The <i>EPAS1</i> haplotype, which is present at high frequencies in Tibetan dog breeds and wolves and confers an adaptive advantage to animals living at high altitudes, was probably derived from this ancient lineage. Our study suggests the complexity of canid evolution and demonstrates how admixture and introgression shape the evolutionary trajectories and adaptation of species.</p>
Data from: Dominance, gender, and season influence food patch use in a group-living, solitary foraging canid
In patchy environments, foragers adopt different strategies to acquire resources depending on their internal state and external physical and social environment: this has important fitness consequences. Linking individual variation in patch use to tangible characteristics is key to understand many higher-level ecological processes. We studied patch use by red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in the city of Bristol, UK. We placed camera traps in gardens where householders provisioned foxes (patches) to investigate whether 1) foxes discriminated between patches based on food availability, quantified as provisioning frequency (predictability) and the energy value of provisioned food; and 2) individual patch use varied with dominance, gender, and season. Increased frequency of provisioning encouraged more foxes to visit and to stay longer in patches. All foxes visited the most predictable patches first each day, but females were more selective and generally more efficient foragers than males. Females increased foraging effort during cub rearing, whereas males reduced patch use in the dispersal and mating season. Dominants and subordinates shared patches spatiotemporally, possibly facilitated by relatedness and familiarity between group members. However, dominants visited more food patches on their territory, spent more time in predictable patches and fed earlier than subordinates. Subordinates may compensate for competition by visiting patches of lower quality or outside their territory, which is inefficient and risky. Our results demonstrate gender differences in behavioral motivation, show how subordinates forego foraging efficiency to mitigate intra-group competition and reveal how human provisioning influences fox space use in urban areas.
Data from: Admixture mapping identifies introgressed genomic regions in North American canids
Hybrid zones typically contain novel gene combinations that can be tested by natural selection in a unique genetic context. Parental haplotypes that increase fitness can introgress beyond the hybrid zone, into the range of parental species. We used the Affymetrix canine SNP genotyping array to identify genomic regions tagged by multiple ancestry informative markers that are more frequent in an admixed population than expected. We surveyed a hybrid zone formed in the last 100 years as coyotes expanded their range into eastern North America. Concomitant with expansion, coyotes hybridized with wolves and some populations became more wolflike, such that coyotes in the northeast have the largest body size of any coyote population. Using a set of 3102 ancestry informative markers, we identified 60 differentially introgressed regions in 44 canines across this admixture zone. These regions are characterized by an excess of exogenous ancestry and, in northeastern coyotes, are enriched for genes affecting body size and skeletal proportions. Further, introgressed wolf-derived alleles have penetrated into Southern US coyote populations. Because no wolves currently exist in this area, these alleles are unlikely to have originated from recent hybridization. Instead, they probably originated from intraspecific gene flow or ancient admixture. We show that grey wolf and coyote admixture has far-reaching effects and, in addition to phenotypically transforming admixed populations, allows for the differential movement of alleles from different parental species to be tested in new genomic backgrounds.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.