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139 results for “climate conditions”

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dryad36/100

Climate trends and behavior of a model Amazonian terrestrial insectivore, Black-faced Antthrush, indicate adjustment to hot and dry conditions

Rainforest loss threatens terrestrial insectivorous birds throughout the world's tropics. Recent evidence suggests these birds are declining in undisturbed Amazonian rainforest, possibly due to climate change. Here, we first asked whether Amazonian terrestrial insectivorous birds were exposed to increasingly extreme ambient conditions using 38 years of climate data. We found long-term trends in temperature and precipitation at our study site, especially in the dry season, which was ~1.3 °C hotter and 21% drier in 2019 than in 1981. Second, to test whether birds actively avoided hot and dry conditions, we used field sensors to identify periodic intervals of ambient extremes and prospective microclimate refugia within undisturbed rainforest from 2017–2019. Simultaneously, we examined how tagged Black-faced Antthrushes (Formicarius analis) used this space. We collected >1.3 million field measurements quantifying ambient conditions in the forest understory, including along elevation gradients. For 11 birds, we obtained GPS data to test whether birds adjusted their cover usage using variation in GPS fix success (n = 2,724) as a proxy and elevation using successful locations (n = 640) across seasonal and daily cycles. For four additional birds, we collected >180,000 light and temperature readings to assess exposure. Field measurements in the modern landscape revealed that temperature was higher in the dry season and highest on plateaus. Thus, low-lying areas were relatively buffered, providing microclimate refugia during hot afternoons in the dry season. At those times, birds apparently entered cover and shifted downslope. Because climate change intensifies the hot, dry conditions that antthrushes seemingly avoid, our results are consistent with the hypothesis that climate change decreases habitat quality for this species. If other terrestrial insectivores are similarly sensitive, climate-induced changes to otherwise intact rainforest may be related to their recent declines.

opencc-zeroMay 2022View details →

zenodo36/100

Forecast of the competitiveness of EU regions in the conditions of climate change

The database contains forecasts of the values of climate change competitiveness (Regional Climate Change Competitiveness Index) of EU regions (NUTS2) and countries. The calculations were made for the period 2022-2032 and for period 2022-2100 using the ARIMA method. The Regional Climate Change Competitiveness Index is a mean to evaluate the ability of a region to use factors of competitiveness for the formation of a competitive position of the region under climate change conditions.The structure of the index stems from the premise that it constitutes a function of pillars that can be grouped into six broad sub-indexes: Basic, Natural, Efficiency, Innovation, Sectoral, and Social.Twenty-eight pillars were used in order to determine the main index.  The higher the value of Regional Climate Change Competitiveness Index, the higher the level of regional competitiveness. For detailed methodology see: Karman, A.; Miszczuk, A.; Bronisz, U. Regional Climate Change Competitiveness—Modelling Approach. Energies 2021, 14, 3704. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14123704. The forecast can be used by regional authorities to model regional policy (policy-mix, tools, measures) against the climate change. Funding: National Science Centre Poland, &bdquo;Modelling of climate change impacts on regional competitiveness” 2019/35/B/HS5/01548

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2022View details →

zenodo36/100

Dataset: Selecting tree species to restore forest under climate change conditions: complementing species distribution models with field experimentation

This repository contains the files associated with the following article: Jesús Sandoval-Martínez, Ernesto I. Badano, Francisco A. Guerra-Coss, Jorge A. Flores Cano, Joel Flores, Sandra Milena Gelviz-Gelvez, Felipe Barragán-Torres, “Selecting tree species to restore forest under climate change conditions: complementing species distribution models with field experimentation”, submitted to Journal of Environmental Management. Supplementary material 01 is a compressed file that contains two Microsoft Excel files with data that support the results of the study. A file correspond to Vachellia pennatula and the another file correspond to Prosopis laevigata. In both files, the first spreadsheet shows the occurrence data (latitude and longitude) used to calibrate the distribution model (SDM) of the corresponding species, the current values of the 19 bioclimatic variables associated with these coordinates and the Spearman correlation coefficients used to select the variables included in the SDM (selected variables are indicated in green). The second spreadsheet shows the current habitat occupancy probabilities of the target species estimated with the SDM at the geographic coordinates of occurrence points, while the table on the side shows the fraction of true presences dropping at the following probability categories: (1) habitat occupancy probabilities below 0.1 = unsuitable spatial units for the species, (2) habitat occupancy probabilities between 0.1 and 0.4 = barely suitable spatial units for the species, (3) habitat occupancy probabilities between 0.4 and 0.7 = moderately suitable spatial units for the species, and (4) habitat occupancy probabilities above 0.7 = highly suitable spatial units for the species. The third spreadsheet shows the one-thousand random geographic coordinates and the corresponding current and future habitat occupancy probabilities of each species. Future habitat occupancy probabilities are provided for three time periods (2041-2060, 2061-2080 and 2081-2100) at four radiative forcing levels each (2.6, 4.5, 7.0 and 8.5 W/m2). Supplementary material 02 is a compressed file that contains a folder for Vachellia pennatula and another folder for Prosopis laevigata. Each of these folders contains the summaries of the MaxEnt outputs that support the results of the corresponding SDM. Supplementary material 03 is a compressed Keyhole Markup Language file (KMZ) that contains interactive maps that are optimized for the desktop version of Google Earth. To accelerate visualization of maps, we recommend installing this software in a computer meeting the following requirements: CPU Intel Core i5 9th generation or higher, CPU clock speed 1.8 GHz or higher, random-access memory (RAM) 8 GB or higher, and video random access memory (VRAM) 1 GB or higher. Otherwise, opening this file may take several minutes. These maps are organized in a folder for Vachellia pennatula and another folder for Prosopis laevigata, which must be expanded for accessing the following information (click on the arrow on the left of folders to expand them): <ul> <li>Current climate – Activating this folder (click the fox on the left of the folder) display the map of habitat occupancy probabilities of species across Mexico under the current climate.</li> <li>Period 2041-2060, 2061-2080  and 2081-2100 – Expanding each of these folders (click on the arrow on the left of folders) shows four subfolders that correspond to different radiative forcing levels (2.6, 4.5, 7.0 and 8.5 W/m2). Activating each of these sub folders (click the fox on the left of subfolders) display the map of habitat occupancy probabilities of species across Mexico expected on the corresponding time period and radiative forcing level. These maps also show the areas classified as climatically unsuitable in the multivariate environmental similarity surface (MESS) analysis. Clicking on the names of subfolders displays a figure showing the relationship between current and future habitat occupancy probabilities of the species on the corresponding time period and radiative forcing level. In these figures, the red line is the empirical relationship between these variables and the solid blue line is the theoretical relationship with intercept = 0 and slope = 1. The statistical results that support these relationships are also shown in these figures.</li> </ul> Supplementary material 04 is a compressed file that contains two Microsoft Excel files with data that support the results of the study. the file labeled as “Microclimate data” contains two spreadsheets, which correspond to the temperature and rainfall values measured in controls under the current climate and climate change simulation plots located of the field experiments. The file levelled as “Seedling emergence and survival” contains a spreadsheet for Vachellia pennatula and another one for Prosopis laevigata, which contains the data used to estimate the seedling emergence and survival rates in controls and climate change simulation plots.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2022View details →

dryad36/100

Data from: Dispersal and connectivity in increasingly extreme climatic conditions

While climate change has been shown to impact several life-history traits of wild-living animal populations, little is known about its effects on dispersal and connectivity. Here, we capitalize on the highly variable flooding regime of the Okavango Delta to investigate impacts of changing environmental conditions on dispersal and connectivity of the endangered African wild dog (Lycaon pictus). Based on remote sensed flood extents observed over 20 years, we derive two extreme flood scenarios: a minimum and a maximum flood extent; representative of very dry and very wet environmental periods. These conditions are akin to those anticipated under increased climatic variability, as it is expected under climate change. Using a movement model parametrized with GPS data from dispersing individuals, we simulate 12,000 individual dispersal trajectories across the ecosystem under both scenarios and investigate patterns of connectivity. Across the entire ecosystem, surface water coverage during maximum flood extent reduces dispersal success (i.e., the propensity of individuals to disperse between adjacent subpopulations) by 12% and increases dispersal durations by 17%. Locally, however, dispersal success diminishes by as much as 78%. Depending on the flood extent, alternative dispersal corridors emerge, some of which in the immediate vicinity of human-dominated landscapes. Notably, under maximum flood extent, the number of dispersing trajectories moving into human-dominated landscapes decreases by 41% at the Okavango Delta's inflow, but increases by 126% at the Delta's distal end. This may drive the amplification of human-wildlife conflict. Whilst predicting the impacts of climate change on environmental conditions on-the-ground remains challenging, our results highlight that environmental change may have significant consequences for dispersal patterns and connectivity, and ultimately, population viability. Acknowledging and anticipating such impacts will be key to effective conservation strategies and to preserve vital dispersal corridors in light of climate change and other human-related landscape alterations.

opencc-zeroApr 2024View details →

zenodo36/100

Dataset to reproduce the paper "A new framework to evaluate urban design using urban microclimatic modelling in future climatic conditions"

This dataset has been generated with the paper " A new framework to evaluate urban design using urban microclimatic modelling in future climatic conditions" (https://doi.org/10.3390/su10041134). A Python notebook is also included to conduct the analysis. <ol> <li>Data analysis - Sustainability paper.ipynb : Python notebook</li> <li>Geneva_Eur11_TDY_2010_2039 : Climate file for the year 2039 obtained from RCA4</li> <li>Geneva_Eur11_TDY_2010_2039_cim : Climate file for the year 2039 obtained from RCA4-CIM</li> <li>Geneva_Eur11_TDY_2010_2039 : Climate file for the year 2069 obtained from RCA4</li> <li>Geneva_Eur11_TDY_2010_2069_cim : Climate file for the year 2069 obtained from RCA4-CIM</li> <li>Geneva_Eur11_TDY_2010_2099 : Climate file for the year 2099 obtained from RCA4</li> <li>Geneva_Eur11_TDY_2010_2099_cim : Climate file for the year 2099 obtained from RCA4-CIM</li> <li>heating_2039 : Heating demand from CitySim for the year 2039</li> <li>heating_2039_cim : Heating demand from CitySim-CIM for the year 2039</li> <li>heating_2069 : Heating demand from CitySim for the year 2069</li> <li>heating_2069_cim : Heating demand from CitySim-CIM for the year 2069</li> <li>heating_2099 : Heating demand from CitySim for the year 2099</li> <li>heating_2099_cim : Heating demand from CitySim-CIM for the year 2099</li> <li>heating_2099_minP : Heating demand from CitySim for the year 2099 with Minergie-P scenario</li> <li>heating_2099__minP_cim : Heating demand from CitySim-CIM for the year 2099 with Minergie-P scenario</li> <li>cooling_2039 : Cooling demand from CitySim for the year 2039</li> <li>cooling_2039_cim : Cooling demand from CitySim-CIM for the year 2039</li> <li>cooling_2069 : Cooling demand from CitySim for the year 2069</li> <li>cooling_2069_cim : Cooling demand from CitySim-CIM for the year 2069</li> <li>cooling_2099 : Cooling demand from CitySim for the year 2099</li> <li>cooling_2099_cim : Cooling demand from CitySim-CIM for the year 2099</li> <li>cooling_2099_minP : Cooling demand from CitySim for the year 2099 with Minergie-P scenario</li> <li>cooling_2099__minP_cim : Cooling demand from CitySim-CIM for the year 2099 with Minergie-P scenario</li> <li>temp_cim : simulated temperature from CIM using Meteonorm</li> <li>temp_meteonorm : temperature from Meteonorm</li> <li>u_cim : simulated wind speedfrom CIM using Meteonorm</li> <li>u_meteonorm : wind speed from Meteonorm</li> </ol>

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2018View details →

zenodo36/100

Developing Implementable Climatic Input Data and Moisture Boundary Conditions for Pavement Analysis and Design

Corresponding data set for Tran-SET Project No. 18POKS03. Abstract of the final report is stated below for reference: "The main objective of this study is to develop a practical and implementable numerical model for predicting the moisture (suction) regime within the pavement subgrade system. The research quality and uniformly-dispersed climate data over short distances from Oklahoma Mesonet and the Mitchell based moisture (suction) prediction methods establish the main background of the research study.  The study involved numerical modeling and statistical analysis of climatic weather data. The proposed moisture variation model predicts the suction distribution throughout the soil subgrade by solving the diffusion equation and incorporates the measured suction from the Oklahoma Mesonet to estimate the diffusion coefficient. The research study resulted in a practical prediction model that could be used to determine the moisture boundary conditions within the pavement structure."

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2019View details →

zenodo36/100

Dataset: Seed fate, seedling establishment and the role of propagule size in forest regeneration under climate change conditions

This repository contains the files associated with the following article: Badano EI and EJ Sánchez-Montes de Oca. Seed fate, seedling establishment and the role of propagule size in forest regeneration under climate change conditions. Forest ecology and Management 503, Article 119776. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119776">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119776</a> The first Microsoft Excel file contains a single sheet with the data used to assess whether seed biomass relates with the fresh weight of acorns in the two studied oak species (Quercus viminea and Quercus eduardii). The second Microsoft Excel file contains five sheets with the microclimatic data (photosynthetic photon flux density, air and soil temperature, rainfall and volumetric soil water content) measured at controls under the current climate and climate change simulation plots located in the forest and the abandoned field of each experimental site. The third Microsoft Excel file contains a single sheet with the results of the seed fate experiments. For each oak species, these databases indicate the fresh weight of each acorn and the respective fate of its seed (parasitized by insects, infested by fungi, desiccated or germinated) in controls under the current climate and climate change simulation plots located in forests and abandoned fields. Finally, the fourth Microsoft Excel file contains a single sheet with the results of the seedling development experiments. For each oak species, these databases indicate the fresh weight of each acorn with the respective shoot emergence date of the seedling, the date of seedling dead and the aboveground net growth rate of the seedling in controls under the current climate and climate change simulation plots located in forests and abandoned fields.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2021View details →

dryad36/100

Diminishing potential for tropical reefs to function as coral diversity strongholds under climate change conditions

Aim: Forecasting the influence of climate change on coral biodiversity and reef functioning is important for informing policy decisions. Dominance shifts, tropicalisation and local extinctions are common responses of climate change, but uncertainty surrounds the reliability of predicted coral community transformations. Here, we use species distribution models (SDMs) to assess changes in suitable coral habitat and associated patterns in biodiversity across Western Australia (WA) under present-day and future climate scenarios (RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5). Location: Coral reef systems in WA. Methods: We developed SDMs with model prediction uncertainty analyses, using specimen-based occurrence records of 188 hermatypic scleractinian coral species and seven variables to estimate present-day and future changes to coral species distribution and biodiversity patterns in WA under climate change conditions. Results: We found that suitable habitat is predicted to increase across all regions in WA under RCP2.6 2050, RCP8.5 2050 and RCP2.6 2100 scenarios with all tropical and subtropical regions remaining coral biodiversity strongholds. Under the extreme RCP8.5 2100 scenario however, a clear tropicalisation trend could be observed with coral species expanding their range to mid-higher latitude regions, while a substantial drop in coral species richness was predicted at low latitude tropical coral reefs, such as the inshore Kimberley and offshore NW reefs. Despite the predicted expansion south, we identified a net decline in biodiversity across the WA coastline. Main Conclusions: Results from the models predicted higher net biodiversity loss at low latitude tropical regions compared to net gains at mid-high latitude regions under RCP8.5 2100. These results are likely to be representative of latitudinal trends across the southern hemisphere and highlight that increases in habitat suitability at higher latitudes may not lead to equivalent biodiversity benefits. Urgent action is needed to limit climate change to prevent spatial erosion of tropical coral communities, extinction events and loss of tropical ecosystem services.

opencc-zeroSep 2021View details →

zenodo36/100

Dataset: Recruitment of pioneer trees with physically dormant seeds under climate change conditions: the case of Vachellia pennatula (Fabaceae) in semiarid environments of Mexico

This repository contains the files associated with the following article: Sandoval-Martínez J, JA Flores-Cano and EI Badano. Recruitment of pioneer trees with physically dormant seeds under climate change conditions: the case of Vachellia pennatula (Fabaceae) in semiarid environments of Mexico. Journal of Plant Research, 135, pp. 453-463. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-022-01383-y">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-022-01383-y</a> The first Microsoft Excel file contains six sheets with the microclimatic data (photosynthetic photon flux density, air temperature, relative humidity, soil temperature, rainfall and soil moisture) measured at controls under the current climate and climate change simulation plots located at each experimental site (Rio Bagres and Cañada Grande). The second Microsoft Excel file contains a single sheet with the data used to estimate the seedling emergence and survival rates from scarified and unscarified seeds of Vachellia pennatula in controls and climate change simulation plots at each experimental site (Rio Bagres and Cañada Grande).

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2021View details →

dryad36/100

Alaska Sustainable Salmon Fund Project #52002: Climate warming effects on Chinook Salmon foraging conditions and growth

The Chena River hosts one of the largest populations of Chinook Salmon in the Alaska portion of the Yukon River drainage, which has recently experienced poor Chinook returns throughout. Past work suggests that these fish do poorly when they grow slowly due to cold, high-flow conditions during their first summer in the river as juveniles, and the population does well when juveniles experience warm, low-flow years and grow larger. Because high flow drives low water temperatures and vice versa, it was previously unclear to what extent each factor—flow and temperature—affects the fish population. We collected data to run foraging and bioenergetics models that simulate how flow and temperature affect growth. We invented two sampling devices, a suction pump to sample drifting prey and a computer vision system to measure the inedible debris that occupy most of a fish's feeding effort. We combined our data with USGS and NOAA records to predict temperature, turbidity, prey, and debris on a daily basis throughout our study years (2019-2020) and others. This dataset contains the data we collected and compiled from other sources on fish growth, temperature, invertebrate drift, and drifting debris.

opencc-zeroNov 2022View details →

zenodo36/100

Chytridiomycosis and climate change: exposure to Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and mild winter conditions do not increase mortality in juvenile agile frogs during hibernation

Datasets and analyses for "Chytridiomycosis and climate change: exposure to Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and mild winter conditions do not increase mortality in juvenile agile frogs during hibernation" by Kásler A., Holly D., Herczeg D., Ujszegi J. and Hettyey A., published online on 22nd January 2023 in Animal Conservation. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12851">https://doi.org/10.1111/acv.12851</a>

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2023View details →

dryad36/100

Data for: Prey resources are equally important as climatic conditions for predicting the distribution of a broad-ranged apex predator

Aim: A current biogeographic paradigm states that climate regulates species distributions at continental scales and that biotic interactions are undetectable at coarse-grain extents. However, advances in spatial modelling show that incorporating food resource distributions are important for improving model predictions at large distribution scales. This is particularly relevant to understand the factors limiting distribution of widespread apex predators whose diets are likely to vary across their range. Location: Neotropical Central and South America Methods: The harpy eagle (Harpia harpyja) is a large raptor, whose diet is largely comprised of arboreal mammals, all with broad distributions across Neotropical lowland forest. Here, we used a hierarchical modelling approach to determine the relative importance of abiotic factors and prey resource distribution on harpy eagle range limits. Our hierarchical approach consisted of the following modelling sequence of explanatory variables: (a) abiotic covariates, (b) prey resource distributions predicted by an equivalent modelling for each prey, (c) the combination of (a) and (b), and (d) as in (c) but with prey resources considered as a single prediction equivalent to prey species richness. Results: Incorporating prey distributions improved model predictions but using solely biotic covariates still resulted in a high performing model. In the Abiotic model, Climatic Moisture Index (CMI) was the most important predictor, contributing 76 % to model prediction. Three-toed sloth (Bradypus spp.) was the most important prey resource, contributing 64 % in a combined Abiotic-Biotic model, followed by CMI contributing 30 %. Harpy eagle distribution had high environmental overlap across all individual prey distributions, with highest coincidence through Central America, eastern Colombia, and across the Guiana Shield into northern Amazonia. Main conclusions: With strong reliance on prey distributions across its range, harpy eagle conservation programs must therefore consider its most important food resources as a key element in the protection of this threatened raptor.

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

zenodo36/100

Data from: Climate overrides the influence of microsite conditions on radial growth of the tall multi-stemmed shrub Alnus alnobetula at treeline

Data are documented in the following article: Oberhuber W., A-L. Dobler, T. Heinzle, F. Scandurra, A. Gruber, G. Wieser (2023) Climate overrides the influence of microsite conditions on radial growth of the tall multi-stemmed shrub Alnus alnobetula at treeline. Plants 12, 1708. doi: 10.3390/plants12081708.   Summary: Green alder (Alnus alnobetula), a tall multi-stemmed deciduous shrub characterized by shoots showing arched ascending growth, is widespread at high elevations in the European Central Alps. Its growth form frequently leads to asymmetric radial growth and anomalous growth ring patterns making development of representative ring width series needed for analyzing climate-growth relationships or site-specific growth rates and long-term growth trends quite a challenge. In order to assess the variability among radii of one shoot, among shoots belonging to one individual (=stock) and among individuals, 60 stem discs were sampled at treeline on Mt. Patscherkofel (Tyrol, Austria). Annual increments were measured along 188 radii and analyzed in terms of its variability by applying dendrochronological techniques. Results revealed a high agreement in ring width variation among radii of one shoot, among shoots of one individual and largely among individuals from different sites, which confirms the pronounced limitation of radial stem growth by climate forcing at the alpine treeline. In contrast to this, a high variability in absolute growth rates and long-term growth trends was found among shoots belonging to one individual and among individuals, which we attribute to different microsite conditions and disturbances. These factors also override climate control of radial growth under growth limiting environmental conditions, i.e., the agreement in inter-annual variations of radial growth is directly related to the growth rate. Based on these findings we provide recommendations for the number of samples needed to carry out inter- and intra-annual studies of radial growth in this tall multi-stemmed shrub.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2023View details →

zenodo36/100

Dataset underlying the study "Changes in longevity, parasitization rate and development time of the whitefly parasitoid Encarsia formosa under future climate conditions"

This dataset is underlying the scientific publication titled "Changes in longevity, parasitization rate and development time of the whitefly parasitoid Encarsia formosa under future climate conditions", published in the <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/biological-control">Biological Control </a>journal.  The first section of the dataset provides the meterological parameters used to drive climate chambers for the experiments conducted by LIST and UNICT researchers. The second section of the dataset provides a graphical representation, including the relevant metadata, of the survival rate of adult Encarsia formosa (a whitefly biocontrol agent) under various climate conditions. The third and final section of the dataset includes an overview of the whitefly parasitization rate of Encarsia formosa according to the different parameters of the experiments undertaken by the LIST and UNICT scientists. The provided figures and tables in the dataset are further discussed and interpreted in detail, as well as their subsequent results, in the scientific publication. This research was conducted within the VIRTIGATION project, which is part of the EU Open Research Data pilot. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No. 101000570.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2023View details →

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