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Figure 9 in Behaviour and habitat of Neohela monstrosa (Boeck, 1861) (Amphipoda: Corophiida) in Norwegian Sea deep water

Figure 9. Glacial eelpout (Lycodes frigidus) is often observed in the same habitat as dense populations of Neohela monstrosa and may represent an important predator from which the latter has to hide in its burrow.

Figure 10 in Ontogeny of the deep-sea cranchiid squid Teuthowenia pellucida (Cephalopoda: Cranchiidae) from New Zealand waters

Figure 10. Development of fin shape between juvenile and sub-adult stages (stages E and F) of Teuthowenia pellucida. Specimen maturation from left to right.

Figure 8 in Ontogeny of the deep-sea cranchiid squid Teuthowenia pellucida (Cephalopoda: Cranchiidae) from New Zealand waters

Figure 8. Arm modifications in adult Teuthowenia pellucida. Brachial end organ (A) on the tips of all arms in mature females; (B) four series of small suckers on the distal tip of arms I and II in adult males. Scale bar = 1 cm.

Figure 6 in Ontogeny of the deep-sea cranchiid squid Teuthowenia pellucida (Cephalopoda: Cranchiidae) from New Zealand waters

Figure 6. Simplified diagram of eye photophores and lens from (A) anterior view and (B) ventral side of the eye in adult Teuthowenia pellucida.

Figure 4 in Ontogeny of the deep-sea cranchiid squid Teuthowenia pellucida (Cephalopoda: Cranchiidae) from New Zealand waters

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of Teuthowenia pellucida tentacle showing paired zig-zag sucker pattern on stalk, visible from Stage D onwards.

Figure 2 in Ontogeny of the deep-sea cranchiid squid Teuthowenia pellucida (Cephalopoda: Cranchiidae) from New Zealand waters

Figure 2. Development of Teuthowenia pellucida eyes through ontogeny showing both anterior (right) and lateral (left) perspective. Eye presented from (A) stage A; (B) stage B; (C) stage C; (D) stage D; (E) stage E and F; (F) adult (anterior); (G) adult (ventral). Scale bar = 1 mm.

Figure 12 in Ontogeny of the deep-sea cranchiid squid Teuthowenia pellucida (Cephalopoda: Cranchiidae) from New Zealand waters

Figure 12. Difference in visible rachis shape at anterior dorsal midline of (A) Teuthowenia; (B) Megalocranchia; (C) Liguriella (ML range: 17–29 mm).

Figure 16 in Deep - water hypoxic meiobenthic Protozoa and Metazoa taxa of the Istanbul Strait's (Bosporus) outlet area of the Black Sea

Figure 16. Proportion of the harpacticoids inhabiting different sediment layers along the depth gradient.

Figure 10 in Deep - water hypoxic meiobenthic Protozoa and Metazoa taxa of the Istanbul Strait's (Bosporus) outlet area of the Black Sea

Figure 10. Proportion of the main Metazoa taxa inhabiting along depth gradient at the Bosporus outlet area of the Black Sea.

Figure 9 in Deep - water hypoxic meiobenthic Protozoa and Metazoa taxa of the Istanbul Strait's (Bosporus) outlet area of the Black Sea

Figure 9. Proportion of soft-shelled foraminifera inhabiting different sediment layers along the depth gradient.

Figure 8 in Deep - water hypoxic meiobenthic Protozoa and Metazoa taxa of the Istanbul Strait's (Bosporus) outlet area of the Black Sea

Figure 8. Proportion of hard-shelled foraminifera inhabiting different sediment layers along the depth gradient.

Figure 7 in Deep - water hypoxic meiobenthic Protozoa and Metazoa taxa of the Istanbul Strait's (Bosporus) outlet area of the Black Sea

Figure 7. Distribution of the Foraminifera (hard-shelled and soft-shelled) abundance (N) along depth gradient at the Bosporus outlet area of the Black Sea.

Figure 6 in Deep - water hypoxic meiobenthic Protozoa and Metazoa taxa of the Istanbul Strait's (Bosporus) outlet area of the Black Sea

Figure 6. Proportion of the Ciliophora inhabiting different sediment layers along the depth gradient at the Bosporus outlet area of the Black Sea.

Figure 1 in Deep - water hypoxic meiobenthic Protozoa and Metazoa taxa of the Istanbul Strait's (Bosporus) outlet area of the Black Sea

Figure 1. Oxygen concentrations in the sediment and the overlying water at Stations 4 –6 (by Sergeeva et al 2013).

Fig. 8 in New deep-water cnidarian sites in the southern Adriatic Sea

Fig. 8: Live scleractinians from Tricase (all from st. MEMA12-36). (A) Juvenile Desmophyllum dianthus (14) growing on subfossil Madrepora; bar = 1 cm; (B) Co-occurring live Lophelia pertusa (10), Madrepora oculata (7) and D. dianthus (14); bar = 1 cm.; (C) Dead Madrepora frame colonized by D. dianthus (14) and Poecillastra compressa (22); bar = 1 cm; (D) Live L. pertusa; bar = 5 cm.

Fig. 2 in New deep-water cnidarian sites in the southern Adriatic Sea

Fig. 2: (A) Paramuricea macrospina (1) growing on muddy bottom at st. A65; bar =10 cm; (B-D) Gorgonians (P. macrospina: 1 and Callogorgia verticillata: 3) and sponges (Pachastrella monilifera: 2) co-occurring at st. A65 and ALTRO31; bar = 10 cm; (E) Large colony of C. verticillata (3); note the unidentified nudibranch (4, red circle) at st. ALTRO31; bar = 10 cm; (F) The yellow coral Dendrophyllia cornigera (5) at st. ALTRO31; note the sponge P. monilifera (2) growing on subfossil branches of D. cornigera and the Euphasiacean Stylocheiron sp. (6); bar = 5 cm; (G) Madrepora oculata (7) fouling a lost fishline at st. A67; bar = 10 cm; (H) A gorgonian garden at st. ALTRO31 characterized by many individuals of C. verticillata (3) growing over a hardground; bar = 25 cm.

Fig. 3 in New deep-water cnidarian sites in the southern Adriatic Sea

Fig. 3: Montenegrin margin. (A) Hardground at st. ALTRO31 colonized by gorgonians Callogorgia verticillata (3) and Paramuricea macrospina (1); note the pencil sea urchin Cidaris cidaris (8), one of the most common vagile organisms observable at such depths; bar = 25 cm; (B) A large colony of the anthipatharian Leiopathes glaberrima (11) settled by the scleractinian Lophelia pertusa (10) at st. A63; observe Rochinia rissoana (9) in the coral frame and the abundant zooplankton in the surrounding water (i.e. Stylocheiron sp.: 6); bar = 10 cm; (C) The fish Phycis phycis (12) hidden under a hardground at st. A63; bar = 10 cm; (D) Close-up of L. pertusa (10) growing on L. glaberrima (11) at st. A63 surrounded by abundant zooplankton (i.e. the euphasiacean Stylocheiron sp.: 6), bar = 10 cm; (E) A remarkable cnidarian assemblage at st. ALTRO35 ca. -505 m water depth, formed by a large (up to 2 m) colony of L. glaberrima (11), the scleractinians Madrepora oculata (7) and L. pertusa (10) and Desmophyllum dianthus (14); inset shows the byssate bivalve Delectopecten vitreus (13) and Annelida (Serpula vermicularis: 15) attached to L. glaberrima (11). C. verticillata (3) is visible below on the right. Scale bar = 10 cm; (F) The "Gorgonian garden" at st. A65 formed by a dense aggregation of C. verticillata colonies (3). The red circle shows the gorgonian P. macrospina (1). Scale bar = 10 cm.

Fig. 6 in New deep-water cnidarian sites in the southern Adriatic Sea

Fig. 6: Coral-sponge assemblages from the Bari Canyon. (A) Assemblage dominated by the white sponge Pachastrella monilifera (2) at st. A210; insets show an actiniarian belonging to the genus Peachia in the soft sediments (23); and the vagrant echinoid Echinus melo (24); bar = 25 cm; (B) The shrimp Plesionika martia (20) on Madrepora oculata (7) - Serpula vermicularis (15) bioconstruction at st. A210, undetermined fish belonging to the family Argentinidae (25); bar = 25 cm; (C) Madrepora-Pachastrella assemblage at st. A210; note the tiny seastar Peltaster placenta (27) hidden under the coral frame, and the encrusting yellow sponge Hexadella sp. (26); bar = 10 cm; (D) Canyon's flank at st. A210 showing the conspicuous presence of serpulids, mostly Bispira sp. (28) and the presence of the vagrant echinoid Cidaris cidaris (8); bar = 10 cm; (E) Benthos at st. A210 showing the encrusting sponge Hexadella sp. (26) and the cup-like sponge P. monilifera (2); also note the asteroid P. placenta (27); bar = 10 cm; (F) Scleractinian-sponge-serpulid cluster at st. A210, inset shows close-up of the sponges P. monilifera (2) and Poecillastra compressa (22); note the echinoid E. melo (24) and the scleractinian M. oculata (7); bar =10 cm; (G) The fish Phycis blennoides (29) and a fish related to family Argentinidae (25), foraging next to coral-sponge grounds at st. A210 (M. oculata 7; P. monilifera 2); bar = 10 cm; (H) Close-up of the orange cup-like sponge P. compressa (22) at st. A208, sheltering the decapod P. martia (20); note M. oculata (7) on the left side of the sponge; bar = 10 cm.

Fig. 5 in New deep-water cnidarian sites in the southern Adriatic Sea

Fig. 5: Underwater photographs from the Bari Canyon. (A, B) Hardgrounds and boulders along the canyon's flank at st. A208 colonized by a cnidarian-sponge assemblage dominated by Madrepora oculata (7) and Pachastrella monilifera (2); note the occurrence of orange sponge (Poecillastra compressa: 22) and Cidaris cidaris (8) one of most common elements of the vagile bathyal benthos; bar = 25 cm; (C) Close-up of a cnidarian-sponge assemblage at st. A208 showing the coalescent growth of sponges and corals, and the subordinate presence of Serpula vermicularis (15); bar = 25 cm; (D) Intimately associated S. vermicularis (15) and M. oculata (7) established on a hardground crest at st. A210; bar =10 cm.

Fig. 1 in New deep-water cnidarian sites in the southern Adriatic Sea

Fig. 1: Location of sites discussed in this study. Bathymetry from EMODnet (European Marine Observation and Data Network) Hydrography portal (resolution 500 m) (http://www. emodnet-hydrography.eu).