Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2017View details →

Figure 7 in Neutron imaging investigation of fossil woods: non-destructive characterization of microstructure and detection of in situ changes as occurring in museum cabinets

Figure 7. Evolution with time of average grey levels in the drying experiment for (a) Rivecourt and (b) Angeac. (c) Evolution with time of normalized grey levels. Blue: Rivecourt sample. Red: Angeac sample (see text for details). (d) Evolution of average grey levels in the drying experiments plotted as a function of the square root of time. Blue: Rivecourt sample. Red: Angeac sample.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2017View details →

Figure 6 in Neutron imaging investigation of fossil woods: non-destructive characterization of microstructure and detection of in situ changes as occurring in museum cabinets

Figure 6. Radiographic images of sample upon desorption experiments. The Angeac sample is on the top, while the Rivecourt sample is on the bottom. The scale represents 1 cm. The marked areas correspond to the zones used for measuring average grey levels. (For Rivecourt, it was done on another sample due to implosion of the sample.)

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2017View details →

Figure 4 in Neutron imaging investigation of fossil woods: non-destructive characterization of microstructure and detection of in situ changes as occurring in museum cabinets

Figure 4. Evolution of average grey levels in the wetting experiments plotted as a function of the square root of time. (a) Rivecourt and (b) Angeac.

dryad40/100

Data from: Brine driven destruction of clay minerals in Gale crater, Mars

This repository contains files and non-commercial software associated with the journal article "Brine Driven Destruction of Clay Minerals in Gale Crater, Mars." The article presents mineralogical, geochemical, and sedimentological observations made by the Mars Science Laboratory rover Curiosity in an area called Glen Torridon, Gale crater, Mars. Rocks exposed in Glen Torridon were deposited in a lake that occupied the floor of Gale crater about 3.5 billion years ago and are stratigraphic and depositional equivalents of rocks exposed ~ 400m away on Vera Rubin ridge. The mineralogy of rocks in these two areas are different despite forming in the same lake at the same time. Glen Torridon rocks contain about 30 wt % clay minerals and 2 wt % or less of the mineral hematite (an iron oxide). In contrast, Vera Rubin ridge rocks contain 5 to 13 wt % clay minerals, with larger quantities (between 9 and 16 wt %) of iron oxide and oxyhydroxide minerals. The observed differences in mineralogy are attributed to preferential post-depositional alteration of Vera Rubin ridge rocks by silica-poor brines. These brines are thought to have formed during the deposition of sedimentary strata of the 'sulfate-bearing unit' that overlie Glen Torridon and Vera Rubin ridge rocks. Orbital spacecraft have detected magnesium sulfates in the sulfate-bearing unit. The presence of these highly soluable salts imply that changing climate and/or hydrological conditions in Gale crater resulted in the formation of dense brines during deposition of the sulfate-bearing unit. It is hypothesized that brines infiltrated older clay-bearing sediments, converting iron-rich clay minerals to iron oxides and oxyhydroxides. Glen Torridon rocks also contain a mineral phase not previously identified on the mission. This mineral gives rise to a distinctive x-ray diffraction peak represents a interplanar spacing of 9.22 angstroms. This phase is identified as a mixed-layer serpentine-talc and is thought to have been transported into the crater floor by rivers. This repository contains: - Files needed to perform mineral search and Rietveld refinement of measured x-ray diffraction data using BGMN and MDI Jade software. - A non-commerical Excel-based program called FULLPAT, used for mineral and x-ray amorphous quantification of x-ray diffraction patterns collected by the CheMin instrument aboard Curiosity. - Python code that was used to identify the 9.22 angstrom phase through automated search the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. - Collection times of Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer analyses of bulk rock geochemical presented in the article that can be used to retrieve raw data from NASA's Planetary Data system (https://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/msl/msl-m-apxs-4_5-rdr-v1/mslapx_1xxx/extras/) - A compilation of Li abundances across Vera Rubin ridge and Glen Torridon measured by the ChemCam that were presented in the article and used as a proxy for rock clay mineral content.

opencc-zeroJun 2021View details →

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2008View details →

Fig. 2 in Assessing diet composition of seahorses in the wild using a non destructive method: Hippocampus reidi (Teleostei: Syngnathidae) as a study-case

Fig. 2. Feeding strategy diagram. Prey-specific abundance plotted against frequency of occurrence of prey items in the diet of the seahorse Hippocampus reidi (n = 280). Prey items: 1. Nematoda, 2. Copepoda, (Harpacticoida), 3. Caridae, 4. Copepoda (nauplii), 5. Copepoda (Calanoida), 6. Copepoda (Cyclopoida), 7. Caridae (chelipods), 8. Teleostei (Gobiidae), 9. Insecta (Hymenoptera), 10. Amphipoda (Gammaridae), 11. Teleostei (scales), 12. Polichaeta (larvae), 13. Amphipoda (Caprellidae), 14. Ostracoda, 15. Eggs (possibly of mollusks or crustaceans), 16. Polichaeta (Nereididae), 17. Brachyura (nauplii), 18. Insecta (Chironomidae), 19. Crustacea (larvae), 20. Gastropoda (larvae), 21. Bivalvia (larvae), 22. Caridae (zoea), 23. Isopoda, 24. Oligochaeta, 25. Foraminifera.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2008View details →

Fig. 1 in Assessing diet composition of seahorses in the wild using a non destructive method: Hippocampus reidi (Teleostei: Syngnathidae) as a study-case

Fig. 1. Mean values of induction (square) and recovery (lozenge) times of Hippocampus reidi (n = 242) in seconds (box = standard error; whisker = standard deviation). Reproduc- tive state: IM = immature, OF = ovipositor region flat, OB = ovipositor region bulging, B = brooding, NB = non-brooding. Sex: U = undetermined, F = female, M = male.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2023View details →

Initial Observations for the Destructive Earthquake Doublet of 6 February 2023 in South-Central Türkiye and Northwestern Syria

This dataset is provided as supplementary material to the published  paper "The Destructive Earthquake Doublet of 6 February 2023 in South-Central Türkiye and Northwestern Syria : Initial Observations and Analyses" (The Seismic Record, <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://doi.org/10.1785/0320230007__;!!Nmw4Hv0!3WB4F-6tmOGbOLPRhUkYZ-WFKNU4M33J2_WUvxmcPRrhpgtBblHGGJ3fuNm4hfSUm8zjvwBesiBCkWRMBKGM93LqEmPAUVL8FqE$">https://doi.org/10.1785/0320230007</a>). Included here are: the coordinates of the surface rupture used for modeling, and the preliminary three-dimensional coseismic surface displacements field (east-west, north-south, and vertical) derived via pixel-offset tracking of Sentinel-1 SAR images. The ascii-file “fault_trace_for_modeling.txt” includes longitude and latitude coordinates of the rupture trace. The matlab-file ENU_Turkiye_S1.mat includes         enu: the east, north, and vertical displacement components         coor: the coordinate information for the enu matrix         fault: the coordinate of surface ruptures mapped from the SAR-pixel offset tracking result         mask: indicates the area for which the 3D displacements are plausible near the Golbasi basin due to the possible existence of water Original Sentinel-1 SAR images are available via the Copernicus hub at <a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://scihub.copernicus.eu__;!!Nmw4Hv0!3WB4F-6tmOGbOLPRhUkYZ-WFKNU4M33J2_WUvxmcPRrhpgtBblHGGJ3fuNm4hfSUm8zjvwBesiBCkWRMBKGM93LqEmPA9j-Kbj8$">https://scihub.copernicus.eu</a>. The coseismic 3D surface displacements are preliminary results, and further improvements by incorporating ALOS-2 data and inspecting local regions are ongoing. The surface rupture traces used for modeling are mapped based on the SAR-pixel offset tracking result as well as the geomorphology alongside. Date submitted: June 3, 2023

ClinicalTrials.gov40/100

Treatment of Severe Destructive Behavior: FCT Versus Wait-List Control

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02483572. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.

controlledIPD-YESFeb 2026View details →

dryad40/100

Data from: Brine driven destruction of clay minerals in Gale crater, Mars

Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.

publicSep 2021View details →

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2020View details →

Destructive harvest data collected from four large tropical rainforest trees in Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã

Title ----- Destructive harvest data collected from four large tropical rainforest trees in Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã Authors -------  A. Burt M. Boni Vicari A. C. L. da Costa I. Coughlin P. Meir L. Rowland M. Disney Contact ------- a.burt@ucl.ac.uk License ------- These data are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC BY 4.0) - see the LICENSE file for details. Overview -------- We harvested four large tropical rainforest trees (diameter range: 0.6-1.2m, height range: 30-46m) in a natural closed forest stand in Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã, Pará, Brazil (approx. coordinates in the WGS-84 datum: -1.798, -51.435 degrees), during August/October 2018. The objective was to measure the green mass of each tree in its entirety, and to measure woody tissue green-to-dry mass and volume ratios, and basic/green/dry woody tissue density.  A complete description of the four trees, these data, and the companion terrestrial lidar data (collected pre-harvest) can be found in our paper entitled: ‘New insights into large tropical tree mass and structure from direct harvest and terrestrial lidar’. Acquisition ----------- Field measurements: Neighbouring vegetation surrounding each tree was removed, including complete clearing of the felling area. Stem diameter was measured using a circumference/diameter tape at either 1.3m above-ground, or 0.5m above-buttress. Each tree was felled onto tarpaulin using a STIHL MS 650 chainsaw with a 20” bar length and 13/64” chain loop. Tree height (incl. stump) was measured with a surveyor's tape measure, and GPS data were acquired from the centre of the stump using a Garmin GPSMAP 64st. The stem (incl. stump) and crown were cut into manageable sections, and the mass of each section was measured via weighing using two Adam LHS 500 crane scales. Mass measurements commenced immediately post-felling, requiring two, four, four and two days to complete measurement of CAX-H_T1 to CAX-H_T4 respectively. Multiple discs (approx. 50mm thick) were also collected from each tree: at 1.3m and 25%, 50% and 75% the length of the stem, and up to 3x discs were taken from the mid-points of 1st, 2nd and 3rd order branches (totalling a minimum of 11 discs per tree). Foliage/fruit samples were retained to confirm taxonomic identity at the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belem, Pará, Brazil. Laboratory measurements: All discs were reduced to a set of subsamples using a consistent approach: for any particular disc, they were cut as guided by parallel chords straddling above and below the major axis, each with approximate dimensions of 150mm x 50mm x 50mm (i.e., each set included periderm, phloem, cambium, xylem and pith tissues). Mass and volume measurements were made on each subsample in a green and dry state. Subsamples were considered in a green state after soaking for 48 hours, and a dry state once a constant mass had been attained whilst drying in an oven at 105 degree Celsius. Mass was measured using an Adam NBL4602i Nimbus Precision balance, and volume measurements were made on the same balance via Archimedes’ principle. Processing ---------- Dry mass was estimated from measured green mass and an estimate of whole-tree woody tissue green-to-dry mass ratio.  Whole-tree woody tissue green-to-dry mass ratio was estimated by weighting the mean value from subsamples in each pool (stem and crown), by the green mass in each pool. This mass-weighted approach was also used for estimating whole-tree woody tissue green-to-dry volume ratio and whole-tree basic/green/dry woody tissue density.  File and directory naming convention ------------------------------------ The four trees are identified: CAX-H_T1, CAX-H_T2, CAX-H_T3 and CAX-H_T4. The various files and directories are described as follows:  ./CAXH-H/ ├───overview/ │   ├───cal_cert/                    (Directory: contains balance calibration certificates) │   ├───images/                        (Directory: various photographs illustrating the field and laboratory measurements) │   ├───sentinel-2                    (Directory: contains RGB and NDVI images from Sentinel-2 data over the harvest site during the campaign dates) │   ├───CAX-H.results.xlsx                    (File: top-level results) ├───CAX-H_T1/                        (Directory: tree-level directories) ├───CAX-H_T2/ ├───CAX-H_T3/ ├───CAX-H_T4/ │   ├───fieldsheets/ │   │   ├───CAX-H_T4.fieldsheets.pdf                (File: fieldsheets from the original campaign) │   │   ├───CAX-H_T4.remeasurement.fieldsheets.pdf        (File: fieldsheets from the remeasurement campaign) │   ├───gps/ │   │   ├───CAX-H_T4.gps.txt │   ├───media/                        (Directory: contains various photographs and videos of the field measurements, and the discs and subsamples) │   ├───CAX-H_T4.results.xlsx                    (File: tree-level results)

opencc-zeroDec 2020View details →

Selective extinctions resulting from random habitat destruction lead to under‐estimates of local and regional biodiversity loss in a manipulative field experiment

Land-use change is a significant cause of anthropogenic extinctions, which are likely to continue and accelerate as habitat conversion proceeds in most biomes. One way to understand the effects of habitat loss on biodiversity is through improved tools for predicting the number and identity of species losses in response to habitat loss. There are relatively few methods for predicting extinctions and even fewer opportunities for rigorously assessing the quality of these predictions. In this paper we address these issues by applying a new method based on rarefaction to predict species losses after random, but aggregated, habitat loss. We compare predictions from three rarefaction models, individual-based, sample-based, and spatially-clustered, to those derived from a commonly-used extinction estimation method, the Species-Area Relationship (SAR). We apply each method to a mesocosm experiment, in which we aim to predict species richness and extinctions of arthropods immediately following 50% habitat loss. While each model produced strikingly accurate predictions of species richness immediately after the habitat loss disturbance, each model significantly underestimated the number of extinctions occurring at both the local (within-mesocosm) and regional (treatment-wide) scales. Despite the stochastic nature of our small-scale, short-term, and randomly applied habitat loss experiment, we found surprisingly clear evidence for extinction selectivity, for example when abundant species with low extinction probabilities were extirpated following habitat loss. The important role played by selective extinction even in this contrived experimental system suggests that ecologically driven, trait-based extinctions play an equally important role to stochastic extinction, even when the disturbance itself has no clear selectivity. As a result, neutrally stochastic null models such as the SAR and rarefaction are likely to underestimate extinctions caused by habitat loss. Nevertheless, given the difficulty of predicting extinctions, null models provide useful benchmarks for conservation planning by providing minimum estimates and probabilities of species extinctions.

opencc-zeroMar 2020View details →

Tracking invasions of a destructive defoliator, the gypsy moth (Erebidae: Lymantria dispar): population structure, origin of intercepted specimens, and Asian introgression into North America

Genetic data can help elucidate the dynamics of biological invasions, which are fueled by the constant expansion of international trade. The introduction of European gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar dispar) into North America is a classic example of human-aided invasion that has caused tremendous damage to North American temperate forests. Recently, the even more destructive Asian gypsy moth (mainly L. d. asiatica and L. d. japonica) has been intercepted in North America, mostly transported by cargo ships. To track invasion pathways, we developed a diagnostic panel of 60 DNA loci (55 nuclear and 5 mitochondrial) to characterize worldwide genetic differentiation within L. dispar and its sister species L. umbrosa. Hierarchical analyses supported strong differentiation and recovered five geographic groups that correspond to 1) North America, 2) Europe plus North Africa and Middle East, 3) the Urals, Central Asia, and Russian Siberia, 4) continental East Asia, and 5) the Japanese islands. Interestingly, L. umbrosa was grouped with L. d. japonica, and the introduced North American population exhibits remarkable distinctiveness from contemporary European counterparts. Each geographic group, with the exception of North America, shows additional lower-level structures when analyzed individually, which provided the basis for inference of the origin of invasive specimens. Two assignment approaches consistently identified a coastal area of continental East Asia as the major source for Asian invasion during 2014–2015, with Japan being another source. By analyzing simulation and laboratory crosses, we further provided evidence for the occurrence of natural Asian-North American hybrids in the Pacific Northwest, raising concerns for introgression of Asian alleles that may accelerate range expansion of gypsy moth in North America. Our study demonstrates how genetic data contribute to bio-surveillance of invasive species with results that can inform regulatory management and reduce the frequency of trade-associated invasions.

opencc-zeroApr 2020View details →

Data from: Increasing synergistic effects of habitat destruction and hunting on mammals over three decades in the Gran Chaco

Habitat destruction and overexploitation are the main threats to biodiversity and where they co-occur, their combined impact is often larger than their individual one. Yet, detailed knowledge of the spatial footprints of these threats is lacking, including where they overlap and how they change over time. These knowledge gaps are real barriers for effective conservation planning. Here, we develop a novel approach to reconstruct the individual and combined footprints of both threats over time. We combine satellite-based land-cover change maps, habitat suitability models, and hunting pressure models to demonstrate our approach for the community of larger mammals (48 species >1 kg) across the 1.1 million km² Gran Chaco region, a global deforestation hotspot covering parts of Argentina, Bolivia, and Paraguay. This provides three key insights. First, we find that the footprints of habitat destruction and hunting pressure expanded considerably between 1985 and 2015, across ~40% of the entire Chaco – twice the area affected by deforestation. Second, both threats increasingly acted together within the ranges of larger mammals in the Chaco (17% increase on average, ±20% SD, cumulative increase of co-occurring threats across 465,000 km2), suggesting large synergistic effects. Conversely, core areas of high-quality habitats declined on average by 38%. Third, we identified remaining priority areas for conservation in the northern and central Chaco, many of which are outside the protected area network. We also identify hotspots of high threat impacts in central Paraguay and northern Argentina, providing a spatial template for threat-specific conservation action. Overall, our findings suggest increasing synergistic effects between habitat destruction and hunting pressure in the Chaco, a situation likely common in many tropical deforestation frontiers. Our work highlights how threats can be traced in space and time to understand their individual and combined impact, even in situations where data are sparse.

opencc-zeroOct 2014View details →

APPETITE FOR SELF-DESTRUCTION: SUICIDAL BITING AS A NEST DEFENSE STRATEGY IN TRIGONA STINGLESS BEES

Data 1 is an excel spreadsheet containing data needed to analyse "attack duration", as this is measured at the level of the individual bee. Data 2 is an excel spreadsheet containing data needed to analyse "probability of attack", "latency" (time until attack) and "number of bees", as these variables are analysed at the level of each flag wave on a colony. Data3 is an excel spreadsheet containing data for the "suicide" bioassay. A 1 in the self.sacrifice column indicates a dead bee, a 0 indicates a surviving one.

opencc-byFeb 2022View details →

Warszawa, Praga, Centuries of destruction stairs

My 3D reconstruction generated with photogrammetry software 3DF Zephyr v6.010 processing 124 images Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab

opencc-zeroMar 2024View details →

Data from: Hybrids of two destructive subterranean termites established in the field, revealing a potential for gene flow between species

Hybridization between invasive pest species may lead to significant genetic and economic impacts that require close monitoring. The two most invasive and destructive termite species worldwide, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki and Coptotermes gestroi (Wasmann), have the potential for hybridization in the field. A three-year field survey conducted during the dispersal flight season of Coptotermes in Taiwan identified alates with atypical morphology, which were confirmed as hybrids of the two Coptotermes species using microsatellite and mitochondrial analyses. Out of 27,601 alates collected over three years, 4.4% were confirmed as hybrid alates, and some advanced hybrids (>F1 generations) were identified. The hybrid alates had a dispersal flight season that overlapped with the two parental species 13 out of 15 times. Most of the hybrid alates were females, implying that mating opportunities beyond F1 may primarily be possible through female hybrids. However, the incipient colony growth results from all potential mating combinations suggest that only backcross colonies with hybrid males could sometimes lead to brood development. The observed asymmetrical viability and fertility of hybrid alates may critically reduce the probability of advanced-hybrid colonies being established in the field.

openJun 2022View details →

Terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) and destructive measurements in short-rotation woody crops (SRWCs) in NE of Romania

The data are obtained from hybrid poplar crops installed in NE Romania, managed in short rotation (SRWCs) between 5, 6, and 7 growing seasons. Planted every spring, outside the growing season, at a depth of 0.6 m in the ground with two clones: AF8 and Pannonia. Rods (2 m long cuttings) were used as planting material for a density of 1667 trees/ha (3 x 2 m). For the estimation of volume and biomass, scans and gravimetric measurements were performed on tree component parts (trunk/stem and branches). Scanning of the sample areas (3 x 10 trees for each variant) was carried out using the Z+F Imager 5010. The scanning period was outside the growing seasons. The destructive (gravimetric) method of estimating biomass involves weighing the trees (184 in total) by component parts: trunk and branches (10 g accuracy). The moisture content of the components was determined by drying the samples (wood discs and branches) at a temperature of 105 °C to a constant mass. The QSM Model in MatLab was used for tree volume reconstruction. Where d is the diameter (cm) - measured at the base and at 1 m height, h (m) is the total height - measured after harvesting by roulette and by QSM reconstruction (after TLS scan). B (kg) is the dry mass of the whole tree (tot = branches + stem) and stem, and V (litres/ dm3) is the tree volume (tot) for the whole tree and stem. Branch weight results by difference for both variables.

opencc-byFeb 2020View details →

Tower Destruction sample

example of destruction using particles exported to the Alambic format Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab

opencc-byMay 2020View details →

Destructed Building

3D scan of destructed building near the unfinished hospital. https://ibb.co/jRRG5CR **(Photo)** Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab