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181 results for “diet composition”
Fig. 1 in Assessing diet composition of seahorses in the wild using a non destructive method: Hippocampus reidi (Teleostei: Syngnathidae) as a study-case
Fig. 1. Mean values of induction (square) and recovery (lozenge) times of Hippocampus reidi (n = 242) in seconds (box = standard error; whisker = standard deviation). Reproduc- tive state: IM = immature, OF = ovipositor region flat, OB = ovipositor region bulging, B = brooding, NB = non-brooding. Sex: U = undetermined, F = female, M = male.
Fig. 1 in Astyanax paranae Eigenmann, 1914 (Characiformes: Characidae) in the Alagados Reservoir, Paraná, Brazil: diet composition and variation
Fig. 1. Localization and morphometry of Alagados Reservoir, Paraná, Brazil, depicting sample sites: a=riverine zone; b=lacustrine zone.
Fig. 3 in Astyanax paranae Eigenmann, 1914 (Characiformes: Characidae) in the Alagados Reservoir, Paraná, Brazil: diet composition and variation
Fig. 3. Average values (± standart error) of the axes scores from DCA ordination of Astyanax paranae's stomach contents volume among sampling years (a), sampling months (b), sampling sites (c) and specimens sex (d) in Alagados Reservoir, Paraná, Brazil.
Fig. 2 in Astyanax paranae Eigenmann, 1914 (Characiformes: Characidae) in the Alagados Reservoir, Paraná, Brazil: diet composition and variation
Fig. 2. Volumetric proportion of food resources consumed by Astyanax paranae in Alagados Reservoir, Paraná, Brazil, among sampling years (a), sampling months (b), sampling sites (c) and specimens sex (d). dtsd=detritus/sediment; plmt=plant matter; alga=algae; aqis= aquatic insects; oaqi=other aquatic invertebrates; tris=terrestrial insects; rtin=rests of insects. The number of specimens considered in each analysis are indicated in parenthesis in the legends.
Fig. 1 in Diet composition and feeding strategy of the southern pipefish Syngnathus folletti in a Widgeon grass bed of the Patos Lagoon Estuary, RS, Brazil
Fig. 1. Relationship between mouth gape (a) and prey size (b) with total length (in mm) of female (open circles) and male (dots) individuals of the southern pipefish Syngnathus folletti.
Fig. 3 in Diet composition and feeding strategy of the southern pipefish Syngnathus folletti in a Widgeon grass bed of the Patos Lagoon Estuary, RS, Brazil
Fig. 3. Conceptual diagram showing the microhabitat distribution within the Widgeon grass bed of some benthic macroinvertebrates consumed by Syngnathus folletti. Gastropoda: 1. Heleobia australis; Tanaidacea: 2. Kalliapseudes schubartii, 3. Tanais stanfordi; Isopoda: 4. Dies fluminensis, 5. Uromunna peterseni; Amphipoda: 6. Mellita mangrovi.
Resources from: Gut microbiome composition better reflects host phylogeny than diet diversity in breeding wood-warblers
<p>Understanding the factors that shape microbiomes can provide insight on the importance of host-symbiont interactions and on co-evolutionary dynamics. Unlike for mammals, previous studies have found little or no support for an influence of host evolutionary history on avian gut microbiome diversity and instead have suggested a greater influence of the environment or diet due to fast gut turnover. Because effects of different factors may be conflated by captivity and sampling design, examining natural variation using large sample sizes is important. Our goal was to overcome these limitations by sampling wild birds to compare environmental, dietary, and evolutionary influences on gut microbiome structure. We performed fecal metabarcoding to characterize both the gut microbiome and diet of fifteen wood-warbler species across a four-year period and from two geographic localities. We find host taxonomy generally explained ~10% of the variation between individuals, which is ~6-fold more variation of any other factor considered, including diet diversity. Further, gut microbiome similarity was more congruent with the host phylogeny than with host diet similarity and we found little association between diet diversity and microbiome diversity. Together, our results suggest evolutionary history is the strongest predictor of gut microbiome differentiation among wood-warblers. Although the phylogenetic signal of the warbler gut microbiome is not very strong, our data suggest that a stronger influence of diet (as measured by diet diversity) does not account for this pattern. The mechanism underlying this phylogenetic signal is not clear, but we argue host traits may filter colonization and maintenance of microbes.</p>
Fig. 1 in Diet Composition Of The Austral Pygmy Owl In A Peri-Urban Protected Area In South-Central Chile
Fig. 1. Trophic isoclines for Austral Pygmy Owl, Glaucidium nana, in the study area: A. l. — Abrothrix longipilis; A. o. — Abrothrix olivaceus; Art — Arthropods; Bd. — Birds; D. g. — Dromiciops gliroides; R. n. — Rattus norvegicus; R. r. — Rattus rattus.
Resources from: Gut microbiome composition better reflects host phylogeny than diet diversity in breeding wood-warblers
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Can diet composition estimates using stable isotope analysis of feathers predict growth and condition in nestling mountain bluebirds (Sialia currucoides)
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Data from: Resource partitioning among pelagic predators remains stable despite annual variability in diet composition
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Diet composition based on stable isotopic analysis of fecal samples revealed the preference of Black-faced Spoonbill (Platalea minor) for natural wetlands and fishponds
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Diet composition and social environment determine food consumption, phenotype and fitness in an omnivorous insect
Nutrition is the single most important factor for individual's growth and reproduction. Consequently, the inability to reach the nutritional optimum imposes severe consequences for animal fitness. Yet, under natural conditions organisms may face a mixture of stressors that can modulate the effects of nutritional asymmetry. For instance, stressful environments caused by intense interaction with conspecifics. Here, we subjected the house-cricket Acheta domesticus to i) either of two types of diet that have proven to affect cricket performance and ii) simultaneously manipulated their social environment throughout their complete lifecycle. We aimed to track sex-specific consequences for multiple traits during insect development throughout all life stages. Both factors affected critical life-history traits with potential population-level consequences: Diet composition induced strong effects on insect development time, lifespan and fitness, whilst the social environment affected the number of nymphs that completed development, food consumption and whole-body lipid content. Additionally, both factors interactively determined female body mass. Our results highlight that insects may acquire and invest resources in a different manner when subjected to an intense interaction with conspecifics or when isolated. Furthermore, while only diet composition affected individual reproductive output, the social environment would determine the number of reproductive females, thus indirectly influencing population performance.
Flexible diets enable pollinators to cope with changes in plant community composition
<p><span>Switching plant species visited by pollinators (partner flexibility), has been proposed as a behavioural mechanism able to attenuate the negative impacts of shifts in plant communities on pollination. However, it is unclear if the magnitude of such response is generalizable or depends on the environmental context. Moreover, the ability of pollinators to exploit plants with dissimilar traits (trait flexibility) has been overlooked, even though it can affect the spectrum of new partners available. </span></p> <p><span>To shed some light on this problem, we quantified partner and trait flexibility in five communities from four different environments, from Alpine to semi-arid. We evaluated if the rate at which pollinators incorporated new plant species throughout the flowering season was similar across communities or context-dependent. Then, we assessed if pollinators changed the type of flowers visited and if such trait flexibility was related to their capacity to visit new plant species. Finally, we developed an agent-based model to explore if diet flexibility can protect pollination when the plant community changes. To this end, we used scenarios of phenological decoupling.</span></p> <p><span>In general, pollinators switched interaction partners to cope with the temporal replacement of plant species. Yet, the magnitude of such behaviour varied across communities, probably in response to differences in the number of floral resources available. Also, pollinators were able to visit plant species with dissimilar traits, though both components of diet flexibility (partner identity and traits) did not necessarily covary. Thus, to have a full picture of pollinators' diet flexibility we need to consider the floral traits of partners. Finally, our theoretical model shows that diet flexibility can protect pollination after shifts in plant communities; but that such positive effects are limited by trait-matching between co-occurring species.</span></p> <p><span><span>Overall, our study highlights the importance of incorporating plant traits when evaluating the ability of pollinators to find new interaction partners. Besides, our simulation results suggest that diet flexibility may not unequivocally protect pollination against changes in plant communities, especially if they entail shifts in the characteristics of the floral assemblage, and hence, the ability of pollinators to find new interaction partners can be compromised.</span></span></p>
Figs 1–3 in Effects of diet and feed composition on antibacterial activity of hemolymph of saproxylic beetles: A case study of Zophobas atratus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Figs 1–3. Results of disk-diffusive test. Effects of artificial fungi-based and standard
Figs 6, 7 in Effects of diet and feed composition on antibacterial activity of hemolymph of saproxylic beetles: A case study of Zophobas atratus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Figs 6, 7. Results of photometric bacterial test. Viability of gram-negative E. сoli ATCC
Figs 4, 5 in Effects of diet and feed composition on antibacterial activity of hemolymph of saproxylic beetles: A case study of Zophobas atratus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Figs 4, 5. Results of photometric bacterial test. Dynamics of effects of artificial and
Data from: DNA metabarcoding improves the taxonomical resolution of visually determined diet composition of beaked redfish (Sebastes sp.)
<p class="pf0"><span>Beaked r</span><span>edfish, dominated by <em>Sebastes mentella</em>, have recently reached record abundance levels in the Gulf of St. Lawrence (GSL) and knowledge of their diet composition is essential to understand the trophic role that these groundfish play in the ecosystem. The objective of the present study was to compare the performance of the visual examination and DNA metabarcoding of stomach contents of the same individual redfish caught in the estuary and northern Gulf of St. Lawrence. Using a universal metazoan mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) marker, a total of 27 taxonomic sequence matches, 16 at the species level considered as primary prey, were obtained from 185 stomachs with DNA metabarcoding and compared to </span><span>the</span> <span>26 prey types, 16 at genus or species level, obtained with stomach content analysis (SCA). While both techniques pointed to a similar definition of diet composition, our results</span><span> also revealed that the SCA and DNA metabarcoding perform differently among prey categories, both in terms of detectability and taxonomical resolution, as well as in estimated contribution to diet. </span><span>The use of DNA metabarcoding along with SCA improves the taxonomical resolution of visually determined prey,</span><span> which supports the concept that both techniques provide useful complementary information that is best used together to gain a maximum level of information on the predator's diet.</span></p>
Data for: Species composition of shoreline wolf spider communities vary with salinity but their diets vary with wrack inflow
<p>Wolf spiders are typically the most common group of arthropod predators on both lake and marine shorelines, because of the high prey availability in these habitats. However, shores are also harsh environments due to flooding and, in proximity to marine waters, to toxic salinity levels. Here, we describe the spider community, prey availabilities, and spider diets between shoreline sites with different salinities, albeit with comparatively small differences (5 vs. 7‰). Despite the small environmental differences, spider communities between low and higher-saline sites showed an almost complete species turnover. At the same time, differences in prey availability or spider gut contents did not match changes in spider species composition but rather changed with habitat characteristics within the region, where spiders collected at sites with thick wrack beds had a different diet than sites with little wrack. These data suggest that shifts in spider communities are due to habitat characteristics rather than prey availabilities, and the most likely candidate restricting species in high salinity would be saline sensitivity. At the same time, species' absences from low-saline habitats remain unresolved.</p>
Diet composition and selection of Père David's deer in Hubei Shishou Milu National Nature Reserve, China
<p><span>Hubei Shishou Milu National Nature Reserve is an ideal place to restore the wild population of Père David's deer (<em>Elaphurus davidianus</em>). </span><span>Understanding foraging ecology and diet composition is essential for assessing population development or establishing long-term effective conservation measures for endangered species.</span> <span>However, little is known about </span><span>the diet composition of </span><span>Père David's deer</span><span> and its diet selection mechanism</span><span>.</span> <span>In this study</span><span>, we used stable isotope technology to investigate the </span><span>diet</span><span> composition of Père David's deer according to various tissues (i.e., fur, muscle, liver, heart, and feces) and seasons, and evaluated the correlation between the nutrient composition of plants and </span><span>diet</span><span> composition</span><span>.</span> <span>Bayesian isotope analysis </span><span>showed that the autumn and winter diet estimated by fur and fecal samples indicated a diet dominated by C3 grasses (42.7 to 57.2%, mean), while the summer diet estimated by muscle and liver samples was dominated by C<sub>3</sub> forbs (30.9 to 41.6%, mean).</span> <span>The Pearson correlation test indicated</span><span> that the contribution of winter diet composition reflected by fur and fecal samples</span><span> was associated with correlations with crude protein (r = 0.666, P < 0.01) and soluble sugars (r = 0.695, <em>P</em> < 0.01). </span><span>The results indicated that crude protein and soluble sugars were important factors influencing the winter </span><span>diet selection</span><span> of Père David's deer.</span> <span>In the context of the current reintroduction facing many challenges, such as habitat fragmentation, wetland degradation, and human disturbance</span><span>,</span> <span>comprehensively evaluating the diet selection mechanism of Père David's deer under different resource</span> <span>specificities and temporal changes should be considered in the future</span><span>.</span></p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.