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318 results for “direct development”
FIGURE 8 in A new frog family (Anura: Terrarana) from South America and an expanded direct-developing clade revealed by molecular phylogeny
FIGURE 8. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of nobleobatrachian frogs represented by selected genera and constructed using sequences from 17 genes. The tree is rooted with Ranidae (not shown). Bootstrap support values are indicated at nodes. Higher classification is indicated to the right.
FIGURE 6 in A new frog family (Anura: Terrarana) from South America and an expanded direct-developing clade revealed by molecular phylogeny
FIGURE 6. High-resolution tomographs of terraranan frogs representing two families (left, dorsal view; right, ventral view). (A–B) Brachycephalidae, Ischnocnema guentheri (KU 92816); (C–D) Craugastoridae, Haddadus binotatus (KU 92808). Scale bars = 5 mm.
FIGURE 5 in A new frog family (Anura: Terrarana) from South America and an expanded direct-developing clade revealed by molecular phylogeny
FIGURE 5. Habitat of Ceuthomantis smaragdinus at 1540 m on Mt. Kopinang, Guyana. The holotype was found about 5 m from the stream in the foreground in Figure 5A; the paratype was found on a leaf about 10 m away from the other side of the stream slightly to the left of the middle of Figure 5B. Photographs by D. B. Means.
FIGURE 11 in A new frog family (Anura: Terrarana) from South America and an expanded direct-developing clade revealed by molecular phylogeny
FIGURE 11. Timetree of nobleobatrachian frogs represented by selected genera and estimated with a Bayesian analysis of sequences from 9 genes, based on a topology obtained from the ML analysis of 17 genes (Figure 8). Numbers on nodes refer to time estimates and credibility intervals of time estimates (Table 2); those in bold are nodes discussed in the text. Illustrations portray the major reproductive modes of the genera and families, with most direct-developing species (i.e., no aquatic larvae) contained in Terrarana (Ceuthomantidae and four other families) that nearly always lay eggs on substrate, and Hemiphractidae that carry their eggs on their backs. Nearly all other nobleobatrachians have aquatic larvae (e.g., tadpoles).
FIGURE 7 in A new frog family (Anura: Terrarana) from South America and an expanded direct-developing clade revealed by molecular phylogeny
FIGURE 7. High-resolution tomographs of terraranan frogs representing two families (left, dorsal view; right, ventral view). (A–B) Eleutherodactylidae, Eleutherodactylus gossei (SBH 266440; and (C–D) Strabomantidae, Pristimantis pulvinatus (KU 166368). Scale bars = 5 mm.
FIGURE 4 in A new frog family (Anura: Terrarana) from South America and an expanded direct-developing clade revealed by molecular phylogeny
FIGURE 4. Distribution of the family Ceuthomantidae. Lowlands are indicated by green and uplands by brown. Known localities of the new family are indicated in the northeastern and southwestern portions of elevated areas on the Guiana Shield, in Venezuela, Brazil, and Guyana. (1) Mt. Kopinang, Guyana (C. smaragdinus, type locality), (2) Mt. Ayanganna, Guyana C. smaragdinus, referred specimen), (3) Pico Tamacuari, Venezuela and Brazil (C. cavernibardus), (4) Cerro Aracamuni, Venezuela (C. aracamuni), and (5) Sarisariñama Tepui, Venezuela (C. cf. cavernibardus).
FIGURE 3 in A new frog family (Anura: Terrarana) from South America and an expanded direct-developing clade revealed by molecular phylogeny
FIGURE 3. High-resolution tomographs of Centhomantis smaragdinus, KU 315000. A dorsal, B. ventral. Scale bar = 5 mm.
FIGURE 2 in A new frog family (Anura: Terrarana) from South America and an expanded direct-developing clade revealed by molecular phylogeny
FIGURE 2. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of the holotype of Ceuthomantis smaragdinus (KU 300000) in life. Photographs by D. B. Means.
FIGURE 1 in A new frog family (Anura: Terrarana) from South America and an expanded direct-developing clade revealed by molecular phylogeny
FIGURE 1. Dorsal view of female paratype of Ceuthomantis smaragdinus, KU 315000 SVL 19.5 mm. Arrows point to the dorsal glandlike structures. The third finger of the right hand is enlarged to show the notched anterior margin of the disc. Photographs by A. Campbell.
FIGURE 8 in Molecular and morphological data support recognition of a new genus of New World direct-developing frog (Anura: Terrarana) from an under-sampled region of South America
FIGURE 8. Distribution of Tachiramantis in the Cordillera de Mérida of Venezuela and the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia. The range gap corresponds to the relatively low-elevation Táchira Depression. Known point localities of each species are indicated, based on specimens listed in the Appendix, as well as those listed in Rivero (1984), and those with data on GBIF (www.gbif.org).
FIGURE 7. High resolution X in Molecular and morphological data support recognition of a new genus of New World direct-developing frog (Anura: Terrarana) from an under-sampled region of South America
FIGURE 7. High resolution X-ray computed tomography of digits of Tachiramantis prolixodiscus (KU 132729, adult male); (A) manus, (B) pes.
FIGURE 6. High resolution X in Molecular and morphological data support recognition of a new genus of New World direct-developing frog (Anura: Terrarana) from an under-sampled region of South America
FIGURE 6. High resolution X-ray computed tomography of skull of Tachiramantis prolixodiscus (KU 132729, adult male); (A) dorsal view, (B) ventral view, (C) side view.
FIGURE 5. High resolution X in Molecular and morphological data support recognition of a new genus of New World direct-developing frog (Anura: Terrarana) from an under-sampled region of South America
FIGURE 5. High resolution X-ray computed tomography of Tachiramantis prolixodiscus (KU 132729, adult male); dorsal view.
FIGURE 4 in Molecular and morphological data support recognition of a new genus of New World direct-developing frog (Anura: Terrarana) from an under-sampled region of South America
FIGURE 4. Tachiramantis prolixodiscus specimen KU 132729, adult male paratype of the type species of Tachiramantis.
FIGURE 3 in Molecular and morphological data support recognition of a new genus of New World direct-developing frog (Anura: Terrarana) from an under-sampled region of South America
FIGURE 3. Tachiramantis species in life. (A) Tachiramantis prolixodiscus specimen CBA 7510, adult female from Calderas, Barinas, Venezuela. (B) Tachiramantis lentiginosus specimen CVULA 9100, adult male from Guaraque, Mérida, Venezuela.
FIGURE 2 in Molecular and morphological data support recognition of a new genus of New World direct-developing frog (Anura: Terrarana) from an under-sampled region of South America
FIGURE 2. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of Terrarana, based on analysis of the genes 12S, tRNA-Val, 16S, RAG1, and TYR. Support values (Bayesian posterior probabilities/ML bootstrap support/MP bootstrap support) are indicated for nodes bearing on intergeneric relationships (i.e., at or above the genus level) with ML bootstrap support ≥ 50%.
FIGURE 1 in Molecular and morphological data support recognition of a new genus of New World direct-developing frog (Anura: Terrarana) from an under-sampled region of South America
FIGURE 1. (A) 2.5 degree grid cell map of terraranan distribution, depicting degree of sampling in each grid cell as standardized residuals of a linear regression of the number of species with available DNA sequences vs. total number of species. (B) Scatterplot of number of species with available DNA sequences vs. total number of species for all 287 grid cells.
FIGURE 3 in Sexual dimorphism in a freshwater atyid shrimp (Decapoda: Caridea) with direct development: a geometric morphometrics approach
FIGURE 3. Relative deformations grids illustrating the variation in the mean shape of the carapace for (a) females and (b) males.
FIGURE 2 in Sexual dimorphism in a freshwater atyid shrimp (Decapoda: Caridea) with direct development: a geometric morphometrics approach
FIGURE 2. Scatter plot of first versus second principal component axes for the total variation of the carapace shape for females, juvenile females and males of Neocaridina davidi.
Figure 2 in Reproductive biology of direct developing and threatened frog Adelophryne maranguapensis (Anura, Eleutherodactylidae) reveals a cryptic reproductive mode for anurans and the first record of parental care for the genus
Figure 2. Climatic parameters in Serra de Maranguape between the months of April 2010 and April 2012. Precipitation (columns); maximum relative humidity of air (blue line), minimum relative humidity of air (blue dashes), maximum temperature (red line), minimum temperature (red dashes), musical note (occurrence of vocalisations), egg (presence of egg masses); * without field work.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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