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539 results for “disentangling”
Fig. 2 in Disentangling Leucocytozoon parasite diversity in the neotropics: Descriptions of two new species and shortcomings of molecular diagnostics for leucocytozoids
Fig. 2. Leucocytozoon neotropicalis sp. nov. from the peripheral blood of its type vertebrate host Greenand-black Fruiteater (Pipreola riefferii) captured at Los Nevados NNP, Colombia. Macrogametocytes (A–E) and microgametocytes (F–I). Black arrows () indicate the deformed host cell nuclei. Parasite nuclei are indicated by white arrow () and nucleoli are shown by double white arrowtips (). Volutin granules are indicated by double black arrowtips () and vacuoles – by white arrowtips (). Uneven cytoplasmic processes may acquire a ribbon-like appearance (asterisk *). Giemsa-stained thin blood films. Scale bar = 10 μm. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Figure 7. Paraeobathynella vietnamensis n. g. n in Disentangling an Asian puzzle: Two new bathynellid (Crustacea, Syncarida, Parabathynellidae) genera from Vietnam
Figure 7. Paraeobathynella vietnamensis n. g. n. sp., male holotype. (A) Pleotelson and furca (lateral view); (B) pleotelson and furca (dorsal view); (C) uropod (latero-external view); (D) detail of terminal end of the endopod of the uropod (latero-external view). Scale bars in mm.
Figure 4. Paraeobathynella vietnamensis n. g. n in Disentangling an Asian puzzle: Two new bathynellid (Crustacea, Syncarida, Parabathynellidae) genera from Vietnam
Figure 4. Paraeobathynella vietnamensis n. g. n. sp. (A–F) Male holotype: (A) thoracopod 1; (B) thoracopod 2; (C) thoracopod 3; (D) thoracopod 8 (lateral internal view); (E) thoracopod 8 (latero-external view); (F) thoracopod 8 (latero-frontal view); (G) Female paratype (frontal view). Scale bars in mm.
Figure 11. Sketinella trontelji n. g. n in Disentangling an Asian puzzle: Two new bathynellid (Crustacea, Syncarida, Parabathynellidae) genera from Vietnam
Figure 11. Sketinella trontelji n. g. n. sp., male holotype. (A) Thoracopod 4; (B) thoracopod 5. Scale bar in mm.
Figure 1 in Disentangling an Asian puzzle: Two new bathynellid (Crustacea, Syncarida, Parabathynellidae) genera from Vietnam
Figure 1. Photograph of Paraeobathynella vietnamensis n. g. n. sp., female (optical microscope 10×).
Figure 6. Paraeobathynella vietnamensis n. g. n in Disentangling an Asian puzzle: Two new bathynellid (Crustacea, Syncarida, Parabathynellidae) genera from Vietnam
Figure 6. Paraeobathynella vietnamensis n. g. n. sp., male holotype. (A) Thoracopod 6; (B) thoracopod 7. Scale bar in mm.
Figure 2 in Disentangling an Asian puzzle: Two new bathynellid (Crustacea, Syncarida, Parabathynellidae) genera from Vietnam
Figure 2. Photograph of Paraeobathynella vietnamensis n. g. n. sp., male holotype (optical microscope 10×).
Figure 13. Sketinella trontelji n. g. n in Disentangling an Asian puzzle: Two new bathynellid (Crustacea, Syncarida, Parabathynellidae) genera from Vietnam
Figure 13. Sketinella trontelji n. g. n. sp., male holotype. (A) First pleopod (latero-ventral view); (B) pleotelson and furca (dorsal view); (C) uropod (latero-external view). Scale bar in mm.
Figure 12. Sketinella trontelji n. g. n in Disentangling an Asian puzzle: Two new bathynellid (Crustacea, Syncarida, Parabathynellidae) genera from Vietnam
Figure 12. Sketinella trontelji n. g. n. sp., male holotype. (A) Thoracopod 6; (B) thoracopod 7. Scale bar in mm.
Figure 10. Sketinella trontelji n. g. n in Disentangling an Asian puzzle: Two new bathynellid (Crustacea, Syncarida, Parabathynellidae) genera from Vietnam
Figure 10. Sketinella trontelji n. g. n. sp., male holotype. (A) Thoracopod 1; (B) thoracopod 2; (C) thoracopod 3; (D) thoracopod 8 male (lateral internal view); (E) thoracopod 8 male (latero-caudal view). Scale bars in mm.
Figure 5. Paraeobathynella vietnamensis n. g. n in Disentangling an Asian puzzle: Two new bathynellid (Crustacea, Syncarida, Parabathynellidae) genera from Vietnam
Figure 5. Paraeobathynella vietnamensis n. g. n. sp., male holotype. (A) Thoracopod 4; (B) thoracopod 5. Scale bar in mm.
Figure 9. Sketinella trontelji n. g. n in Disentangling an Asian puzzle: Two new bathynellid (Crustacea, Syncarida, Parabathynellidae) genera from Vietnam
Figure 9. Sketinella trontelji n. g. n. sp., male holotype. (A) Antennule (dorsal view); (B) antenna (dorsal view); (C) labrum; (D) mandible; (E) maxillule; (F) maxilla. Scale bar in mm.
Figure 5 in Disentangling taxonomy within the Rhabditis (Pellioditis) marina (Nematoda, Rhabditidae) species complex using molecular and morhological tools
Figure 5. Graphical polytomous key for identification of species within the R. (P.) marina species complex. A, females from all species, body length vs. body length/tail length; B, females from the clustered species in A, tail length vs. buccal cavity length; C, males from all species, body length vs. body length/tail length; D, males from the clustered species in C, tail length vs. buccal cavity length; F, males from the clustered species in D, body length vs. spicule length.
Figure 2 in Disentangling taxonomy within the Rhabditis (Pellioditis) marina (Nematoda, Rhabditidae) species complex using molecular and morhological tools
Figure 2. One of the seven most parsimonious trees of the combined nuclear ITS and D2D3 expansion segments. Values above branches (or indicated by arrow) are bootstrap support from MP, ML and posterior probability values from BA. Only bootstrap values above 50 are indicated. Lineages are indicated next to each branch.
Figure 1 in Disentangling taxonomy within the Rhabditis (Pellioditis) marina (Nematoda, Rhabditidae) species complex using molecular and morhological tools
Figure 1. One of the 46 most parsimonious trees based on 396 bp of the mitochondrial COI gene. Values above branches are bootstrap supports from MP, ML, posterior probability values of BA and the number of fixed differences for each branch. Only bootstrap values above 50 are indicated. Lineages are indicated next to each branch. A dash indicates the absence of a branch in the respective analysis.
Unravelling the Nature of the Spin Excitations Disentangled from the Charge Contributions in a Doped Cuprate Superconductor
<p>The nature of the spin excitations in superconducting cuprates is a key question toward a unified understanding of the cuprate physics from long-range antiferromagnetism to superconductivity. The intense spin excitations up to the over-doped regime revealed by resonant inelastic X-ray scattering bring new insights as well as problems—like understanding their persistence or their relation to the collective excitations in ordered magnets (magnons). Here, we study the evolution of the spin excitations upon hole-doping the superconducting cuprate Bi<sub>2</sub>Sr<sub>2</sub>CaCu<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8+δ</sub> by disentangling the spin from the charge excitations in the experimental cross section. We compare our experimental results against density matrix renormalization group calculations for a <em>t-J</em>-like model on a square lattice. Our results unambiguously confirm the persistence of the spin excitations, which are closely connected to the persistence of short-range magnetic correlations up to high doping. This suggests that the spin excitations in hole-doped cuprates are related to magnons—albeit short-ranged.</p>
Long‐term trends in gastropod abundance and biodiversity: Disentangling effects of press versus pulse disturbances
<p><strong>Aim</strong>: Climate-induced pulse (e.g., hurricanes) and press (e.g., global warming) disturbances represent threats to populations, communities, and the ecosystem services that they provide. We leveraged three decades of annual data on tropical gastropods to quantify the effects of major hurricanes, associated secondary succession, and global warming on abundance, biodiversity, and species composition.</p> <p><strong>Location</strong>: Luquillo Mountains, Puerto Rico.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: Gastropod abundance, biodiversity, and composition were estimated annually for each of 27 years in a tropical montane forest that experienced three major hurricanes (Hugo, Georges, and Maria). Generalized linear mixed-effects, linear mixed-effects, and linear models evaluated population- and community-level responses to year, ambient temperature, understory temperature, hurricane, and time since hurricane. Variation partitioning determined the unique and shared variation in biotic responses associated with temperature, disturbance, and succession.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: Rather than declining, gastropod abundances generally increased through time, whereas the responses of biodiversity were weak and scale dependent. Hurricanes and associated secondary succession, rather than ambient atmospheric temperature, molded long-term trends in abundances and biodiversity.</p> <p><strong>Main conclusions</strong>: Global warming over the past 30 years has not progressed sufficiently to elicit significant responses by gastropods in the Luquillo Mountains. Rather, effects from pulse disturbances (i.e., hurricanes) and secondary succession currently drive long-term variation in abundance and biodiversity. Gastropods evince high resilience in this tropical ecosystem. Historical exposure to recurrent hurricanes likely imbued the fauna with broad niches that make them resistant to current levels of global warming. We predict that biotic resiliency will be challenged once changes in temperature exceed interannual and inter-habitat differences that typify this hurricane-mediated system, or combine with an increased frequency of hurricanes and droughts to alter associations among environmental characteristics that define the fundamental niches of species. Only then might significant declines in abundance or the appearance of novel communities characterize the gastropod fauna in the Luquillo Mountains.</p>
Disentangling the causes of age-assortative mating in bird populations with contrasting life-history strategies
<ol> <li>Age shapes fundamental processes related to behaviour, survival and reproduction. Where age influences reproductive success, non-random mating with respect to age can magnify or mitigate such effects. Consequently, the correlation in partners' age across a population may influence its productivity. Despite widespread evidence for age-assortative mating, little is known about what drives this assortment and its variation. Specifically, the relative importance of active (same-age mate preference) and passive processes (assortment as a consequence of other spatial or temporal effects) in driving age-assortment is not well understood.</li> <li>In this paper, we compare breeding data from a great tit and mute swan population (51- and 31-year datasets respectively) to tease apart the contributions of pair retention, cohort age-structure, and active age-related mate selection to age-assortment in species with contrasting life-histories.</li> <li>Both species show age-assortative mating, and variable assortment between years. However, we demonstrate that the drivers of age-assortment differ between the species, as expected from their life-histories and resultant demographic differences. In great tits, pair fidelity has a weak effect on age-assortative mating through pair retention; variation in age-assortment is primarily driven by fluctuations in age-structure from variable juvenile recruitment. Age-assortative mating is therefore largely passive, with no evidence consistent with active age-related mate selection. In mute swans, age-assortment is partly explained by pair retention, but not population age-structure, and evidence exists for active age-assortative pairing.</li> <li>This difference is likely to result from shorter life-spans in great tits compared to mute swans, leading to fundamental differences in their population age-structure, whereby a larger proportion of great tit populations consist of a single age-cohort. In mute swans, age-assortative pairing through mate selection may also be driven by greater age-dependent variation in fitness.</li> <li>The study highlights the importance of considering how different life-histories, and demographic differences arising from these, affect population processes that appear congruent across species. We suggest that future research should focus on uncovering the proximate mechanisms that lead to variation in active age-assortative mate selection (as seen in mute swans); and the consequences of variation in age-structure on the ecological and social functioning of wild populations.</li> </ol>
Disentangling relationships between physiology, morphology, diet, and gut microbial diversity in American Kestrel nestlings
<p>Gut microbiota are increasingly recognized as important drivers of host health and fitness across vertebrate taxa. Given that gut microbial composition is directly influenced by the environment, gut microbiota may also serve as an eco-physiological mechanism connecting host ecology, such as diet, and physiology. Although gut microbiota have been well-studied in mammalian systems, little is known about how gut microbial diversity and composition impact morphological and physiological development in wild birds. Here, we characterized both diet and gut microbial diversity of free-living American kestrel (<em>Falco sparverius</em>) nestlings throughout development to test whether gut microbial diversity predicts host morphological and physiological traits in either contemporary or time-lagged manners. Gut microbial alpha diversity on day 21 of nestling development was positively correlated with diet alpha diversity representative of the majority of nestling development (days 5–20). Gut microbial alpha diversity early in development was negatively correlated with body mass in both contemporary and time-lagged manners. Gut microbial alpha diversity early in development was positively correlated with blood glucose later in development. As nestlings experience rapid growth demands in preparation to fledge, these time-lagged associations may indicate that gut microbial diversity at early critical developmental windows may determine the future trajectory of morphological and physiological traits underlying metabolism that ultimately impact fitness.</p>
FIG. 13 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 13. — Pictures of fresh basidiomata of Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr.: A, JO533 from Atlantic Rainforest (epitype); B, JO1363 from Amazon Forest. Scale bars: 10 mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.