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69 results for “ecological management”
Effectiveness of agri-environmental management on pollinators is moderated more by ecological contrast than by landscape structure or land-use intensity
<p>Study dataset</p>
Data from: Structural and compositional mismatch between captive and wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parrs gut microbiota highlights the relevance of integrating molecular ecology for management and conservation methods.
Stocking methods are used in the Province of Quebec to restore Salmo salar populations. However, Atlantic salmon stocked juveniles show higher mortality rates than wild ones when introduced into nature. Hatchery environment, which greatly differs from the natural environment, is identified as the main driver of the phenotypic mismatch between captive and wild parrs. The latter is also suspected to impact the gut microbiota composition, which can be associated with essential metabolic functions for their host. We hypothesized that hatchery raised parrs potentially recruit gut microbial communities that are different from those recruited in the wild. This study evaluated the impacts of artificial rearing on gut microbiota composition in 0+ parrs meant for stocking in two distinct Canadian rivers: Rimouski and Malbaie (Quebec, Canada). Striking differences between hatchery and wild born parrs' gut microbiota suggest that microbiota could be another factor that could impact their survival in the targeted river, since the microbiome is narrowly related to host physiology. For instance, major commensals belonging to Enterobacteriaceae and Clostridiacea from wild parrs' gut microbiota were substituted in captive parrs by lactic acid bacteria from the Lactobacillaceae family. Overall, captive parrs host a generalist bacterial community whereas wild parrs' microbiota is much more specialized. This is the very first study demonstrating extensive impact of captive rearing on intestinal microbiota composition in Atlantic salmon intended for wild population stocking. Our results strongly suggest the need to implement microbial ecology concepts into conservation management of endangered salmon stocks supplemented with hatchery reared parrs.
Data from: Evaluating the efficacy of independent versus simultaneous management strategies to address ecological and genetic threats to population viability
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Data from: Finding the best management policy to eradicate invasive species from spatial ecological networks with simultaneous actions
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Data from: Structural and compositional mismatch between captive and wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parrs gut microbiota highlights the relevance of integrating molecular ecology for management and conservation methods.
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Managing Human-Wildlife Interactions: Ecological and Financial Assessment of Elk Feedground Closure in Teton County
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Data from: Undersowing rare arable plants in cereals as a new instrument in weed management - restoration ecology meets weed science
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Data from: Spatial mismatch between management units and movement ecology of a partially migratory ungulate
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Data from: Ecological disturbance influences adaptive divergence despite high gene flow in golden perch (Macquaria ambigua): implications for management and resilience to climate change
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Data from: Human judgment vs. quantitative models for the management of ecological resources
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Data from: Population genomics of Sitka black-tailed deer supports invasive species management and ecological restoration on islands
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Data from: Ecologically relevant dispersal of corals on isolated reefs: implications for managing resilience
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Constructing a social-behavioral association network to study management impact on waterbird community ecology using digital video recording cameras
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Estimating social-ecological resilience: fire management futures in the Sonoran Desert
Resilience quantifies the ability of a system to remain in or return to its current state following disturbance. Due to inconsistent terminology and usage of resilience frameworks, quantitative resilience studies are challenging, and resilience is often treated as an abstract concept rather than a measurable system characteristic. We used a novel, spatially-explicit stakeholder engagement process to quantify social-ecological resilience to fire, in light of modeled social-ecological fire risk, across the non-fire-adapted Sonoran Desert Ecosystem in Arizona, USA. Depending on its severity and the characteristics of the ecosystem, fire as a disturbance has the potential to drive ecological state change. As a result, fire regime change is of increasing concern as global change and management legacies alter the distribution and flammability of fuels. Because management and use decisions impact resources and ecological processes, social and ecological factors must be evaluated together to predict resilience to fire. We found highest fire risk in the central and eastern portions of the study area, where flammable fuels occur with greater density and frequency and managers reported fewer management resources than in other locations. We found lowest fire resilience in the southeastern portion of the study area, where combined ecological and social factors, including abundant fuels, few management resources, and little evidence of past institutional adaptability, indicated that sites were least likely to retain their current characteristics and permit achievement of current management objectives. Analyzing ecological and social characteristics together permits regional managers to predict the effects of changing fire regimes across large, multi-jurisdictional landscapes and to consider where to direct resources. This study brought social and ecological factors together into a common spatial framework to produce vulnerability maps; our methods may inform researchers and managers in other systems facing novel disturbance and spatially-variable resilience.
Using local ecological knowledge as evidence to guide management: A community-led harvest calculator for muskoxen in Greenland
<p>Indigenous peoples manage or have tenure rights on over a quarter of the world's land surface. While there is growing interest in "evidence-based" natural resource management, there are few documented experiences with "evidence-based" practice in community-managed lands. We explore the evidence required for decisions about harvesting of a community-managed muskox herd in Greenland, and the collaboration needed to acquire this evidence. We present the development, application and outcome of a user-friendly demographic model - a harvest calculator - and we show how Local Ecological Knowledge was used throughout the process and combined with scientific knowledge. The community members identified suitable harvest scenarios with the use of the calculator. The calculator's predictions corresponded with their own perceptions of declining numbers of muskox bulls and suggested that reversal was possible under an alternative harvest scenario. As a result, the community members used the findings to request a revised muskox harvest quota, which gained immediate approval by the government. We draw on our experience to propose where community-led harvest calculators can be useful. Community-led harvest calculators can help Indigenous and local communities develop economically within environmentally sustainable limits, while at the same time providing community members a 'voice' in natural resource governance. An effective local management regime will require the sustained application of this tool.</p>
Data from: Assessing the efficacy and ecology of biocontrol and biomanipulation for managing invasive pest fish
1. Management of non-native species aims to prevent biological invasions using actions including control and containment of the potential invader. Biocontrol and biomanipulation strategies are used frequently to reduce population sizes of non-native species and reduce their ecological impacts and dispersal rates. 2. Assessments of the efficacy of biocontrol and biomanipulation actions for managing non-native pest fish, and the ecological mechanisms involved, were studied here using lentic populations of the invasive fish Pseudorasbora parva. Biocontrol was through release of the indigenous piscivorous fish Perca fluviatilis and biomanipulation through intensive fish removals. 3. A combined biocontrol and removal programme was completed in an invaded pond over two reproductive seasons. Almost 10 000 P. parva were removed, with cumulative removal numbers significantly related to their decreased abundance (>60 to <0·1 m−2). Ten adult P. fluviatilis were also released initially and reproduced each season. Analyses revealed P. parva contribution to P. fluviatilis diet was high initially, but decreased as P. parva abundance reduced. Individual contributions of the management actions to declined P. parva abundance were difficult to isolate. 4. The individual effects of biocontrol and removals on P. parva populations were then tested using a field trial in replicated pond mesocosms over three reproductive seasons. Replicates started with 1500 P. parva. The control (no interventions) revealed no significant temporal changes in P. parva abundances. In the removal treatment, where over 17 000 P. parva were removed per replicate over the trial, abundance declined initially, but increased significantly after each reproductive season as remaining fish compensated through increased reproductive output. In the biocontrol, abundance declined and remained low; analyses revealed P. parva were an important dietary component of larger P. fluviatilis, with predation suppressing compensatory responses. 5. Synthesis and applications. Biocontrol and removals can significantly reduce abundances of lentic populations of small invasive fishes. Removals provide short-term population suppression, but high effort is needed to overcome compensatory responses. Biocontrol can provide longer-term suppression but could invoke unintended ecological consequences via 'stocking-up' food webs. Application of these results to decision-making frameworks should enable managers to make more objective decisions on risk-commensurate methodologies for controlling small invasive fishes.
Supplementary material 1 from: Topping CJ, Duan X (2024) Managing large and complex population operations with agent-based models: The ALMaSS Population_Manager. Food and Ecological Systems Modelling Journal 5: e117593. https://doi.org/10.3897/fmj.5.117593
The code documentation for the ALMaSS Population_Manager class
Figure 2 from: Topping CJ, Duan X (2024) Managing large and complex population operations with agent-based models: The ALMaSS Population_Manager. Food and Ecological Systems Modelling Journal 5: e117593. https://doi.org/10.3897/fmj.5.117593
Figure 2 The time step processes. The three parts of the time step (BeginStep, Step, EndStep) process can run in multithreaded mode for each object 1 to n, extant at that time and are separated by customisable methods for reporting or list management by the Population_Manager class.
Figure 1 from: Topping CJ, Duan X (2024) Managing large and complex population operations with agent-based models: The ALMaSS Population_Manager. Food and Ecological Systems Modelling Journal 5: e117593. https://doi.org/10.3897/fmj.5.117593
Figure 1 The current class hierarchy for beetle population managers, starting with the parent class Population_Manager_Base.
Figure 3 from: Topping CJ, Duan X (2024) Managing large and complex population operations with agent-based models: The ALMaSS Population_Manager. Food and Ecological Systems Modelling Journal 5: e117593. https://doi.org/10.3897/fmj.5.117593
Figure 3 Change in the maximum and minimum sizes and population numbers for two scenarios using the Theoretical1 species, N = do nothing, Rand = randomise the execution order.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.