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51 results for “ecological specialization”
Fig. 3 in Introduction to special issue The Past, Present and Future of Soil Protist Ecology
Fig. 3. Examples of protist diversity in a range of soil habitats. Top Left: The summit of Green Mountain (845 m a. s. l.), Ascension Island in the tropical South Atlantic. A single soil sample from under the bamboo produced three species of flagellates, two non-testate amoebae (gymnamoeba), one ciliate and three testate amoebae species (Wilkinson and Smith 2006). In addition Landolt et al. (2005) isolated eight species of protostelid slime moulds from leaf litter samples collected near the pond shown in the photograph. All the vegetation seen in the photograph is comprised of introduced plant species (Wilkinson 2004).Top Right: Summit of Mot Sper Chamana Sevenna (2424 m a. s. l.) in the European Alps, on the Swiss/Italian boarder. Two moss samples from the summit gave a total of 17 testate amoebae species (Wilkinson and Mitchell, unpublished). Bottom Left: Island in a small lake at Mere Sands Wood nature reserve in North West England. The island is heavily used by roosting and breeding water birds, so the soils probably have a high nutrient status. Seventeen species of testate amoebae and 29 species of diatoms were found in the litter and upper soil horizons taken from within the quadrat shown in the photograph (Creevy et al., unpublished). Bottom Right: Holcroft Moss – a peat bog in Cheshire, England. Twenty four species of testate amoebae were found in the surface vegetation and underlying soil of a single sample (Valentine et al., unpublished).
Data from: Structure-function covariation with nonfeeding ecological variables influences evolution of feeding specialization in Carnivora
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Data from: Exploring the nature of ecological specialization in a coral reef fish community: morphology, diet, and foraging microhabitat use
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Data from: Does ecological specialization transcend scale? Habitat partitioning among individuals and species of Anolis lizards
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Ecological specialization and niche overlap of subterranean rodents inferred from DNA metabarcoding diet analysis
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Data from: Ecological specialization in populations adapted to constant versus heterogeneous environments
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Data from: Divergence in brain composition during the early stages of ecological specialization in Heliconius butterflies
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Data from: Phylogenomics supports incongruence between ecological specialization and taxonomy in a charismatic clade of buck moths
Local adaptation can be a fundamental component of speciation, but its dynamics in relation to gene flow are not necessarily straightforward. Herbivorous taxa with localized host plant or habitat specialization across their geographic range are ideal models for investigating the patterns and constraints of local adaptation and its impact on diversification. The charismatic, day-flying moths of the Hemileuca maia species complex (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) are such taxa, as they are geographically-widespread, exhibit considerable ecological and morphological variability and host and habitat specificity, but apparently lack genetic differentiation across their range. Here, we use genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms to assess relationships and population structure of this group across North America, and investigate the scales where genomic divergence correlates with adaptive ecological characteristics. In contrast to previous genetic studies of the group, we find broad- and fine-scale genetic differentiation between lineages, which is at odds with various levels of taxonomic description and recognition of conservation units. Furthermore, ecological specialization only explains some fine-scale genetic differentiation, and across much of the group's range, local adaptation is apparently occurring in the face of strong gene flow. These results provide unprecedented insight into drivers of speciation in this group, the relationship between taxonomy and genomics-informed species boundaries, and conservation management of internationally-protected entities. Broadly, this system provides a model for understanding how local adaptation in an herbivore can arise and be maintained in the face of apparently strong gene flow, and the importance of geographic isolation in generating genomic divergence, despite a lack of ecological divergence.
Data from: Dietary specializations and diversity in feeding ecology of the earliest stem mammals
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Data from: Dietary specializations and diversity in feeding ecology of the earliest stem mammals
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Data from: Phylogenomics supports incongruence between ecological specialization and taxonomy in a charismatic clade of buck moths
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.