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56 results for “ecosystem resilience”
Data from: A keystone mutualism underpins resilience of a coastal ecosystem to drought
Droughts are increasing in severity and frequency, yet the mechanisms that strengthen ecosystem resilience to this stress remain poorly understood. Here, we test whether positive interactions in the form of a mutualism between mussels and dominant cordgrass in salt marshes enhance ecosystem resistance to and recovery from drought. Surveys spanning 250 km of southeastern US coastline reveal spatially dispersed mussel mounds increased cordgrass survival during severe drought by 5- to 25-times. Surveys and mussel addition experiments indicate this positive effect of mussels on cordgrass was due to mounds enhancing water storage and reducing soil salinity stress. Observations and models then demonstrate that surviving cordgrass patches associated with mussels function as nuclei for vegetative re-growth and, despite covering only 0.1–12% of die-offs, markedly shorten marsh recovery periods. These results indicate that mutualisms, in supporting stress-resistant patches, can play a disproportionately large, keystone role in enhancing ecosystem resilience to climatic extremes.
Data from: Resilience and regime change in a southern Rocky Mountain ecosystem during the past 17000 years
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Using proxies of microbial community‐weighted means traits to explain the cascading effect of management intensity, soil and plant traits on ecosystem resilience in mountain grasslands
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Data from: A keystone mutualism underpins resilience of a coastal ecosystem to drought
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Data from: Ecosystem memory of wildfires affects resilience of boreal mixedwood biodiversity after retention harvest
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Data sets used in the manuscript titled "Ecosystem-level energy and water budgets are resilient to canopy mortality in sparse semi-arid biomes"
<p><span>This data set reports water and energy fluxes, soil water content and sap fluxes measured at two adjacent pinon-juniper woodlands in central New Mexico from January 2009 to December 2016. This data set was used for the analysis in the manuscript titled "Ecosystem-level energy and water budgets are resilient to canopy mortality in sparse semi-arid biomes" submitted to JGR-Biogeosciences. </span></p>
Data from: Natural enemies govern ecosystem resilience in the face of extreme droughts
Severe droughts are on the rise in many regions. But thus far, attempts to predict when drought will cause a major regime shift or when ecosystems are resilient, often using plant drought tolerance models, have been frustrated. Here we show that pressure from natural enemies regulates an ecosystem's resilience to severe droughts. Field experiments revealed that in protected salt marshes experiencing a severe drought, planting-eating grazers eliminated drought-stressed vegetation that could otherwise survive and recover from the climate extreme, transforming once lush marshes into persistent salt barrens. These results provide an explicit experimental demonstration for the obligatory role of natural enemies across the initiation, expansion and recovery stages of a natural ecosystem's collapse. Our study highlights that natural enemies can hasten an ecosystem's resilience to drought to much lower levels than currently predicted, calling for integration into climate change predictions and conservation strategies.
Data from: Resilience of peatland ecosystem services over millennial timescales: evidence from a degraded British bog
1. Many peatland ecosystems in Europe have become degraded in the last century owing to the effects of drainage, burning, pollution, and climate change. There is a need to understand the drivers of peatland degradation because management and restoration interventions can affect the natural ecohydrological dynamics of such sensitive environments, and are expensive. However, if given enough time peatlands may have the ability to recover spontaneously without deliberate action. 2. We use a detailed multiproxy palaeoecological dataset from a degraded raised bog in Northern England to examine its ecosystem stability and long-term dynamics in response to anthropogenic disturbance over a variety of timescales. One feature of many degraded peatlands (including our study site) is the local dominance of Molinia caerulea (purple moor-grass), which has expanded at the expense of characteristic peatland plants, including sedges and Sphagnum mosses. 3. Our data show that there has been a long history of human impacts at the site which have culminated in its current unfavourable condition. Several distinct episodes of past peat cutting are evident as hiatuses in peat accumulation; however, peat accumulation and plant community structure have subsequently recovered spontaneously. The appearance of M. caerulea occurs coevally with an unprecedented variety of recent anthropogenic impacts, all of which have arguably contributed to providing a suitable environment for its rise to dominance. We have dated the appearance of M. caerulea to the latter half of the twentieth century which corresponds to a number of anthropogenic press disturbances, including: dust loading from post-war expansion of the adjacent quarry; burning; drainage; airborne pollution; and contamination from soil dust and agrochemicals. 4. Synthesis Our study demonstrates the importance of palaeoecology for understanding the trajectories of peatland development and ecosystem dynamics, including their resilience and resistance to pulse and press disturbances. We show that peatlands have the capability to recover spontaneously from severe disturbances such as peat cutting, albeit on timescales much longer than those applied to monitoring of restoration efforts. The implications are relevant for determining whether it is better to manage and restore peatlands, or to allow them to recover naturally without human intervention.
Ecosystem resilience and pest resistance in Eucalyptus plantations is driven by understorey complexity due to forest management
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Data from: Natural enemies govern ecosystem resilience in the face of extreme droughts
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Data from: Resilience of peatland ecosystem services over millennial timescales: evidence from a degraded British bog
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Data sets used in the manuscript titled "Ecosystem-level energy and water budgets are resilient to canopy mortality in sparse semi-arid biomes"
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Data from: Grazing away the resilience of patterned ecosystems
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In situ resistance, not immigration, supports invertebrate community resilience to drought intensification in a Neotropical ecosystem
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">While future climate scenarios predict declines in precipitations in many regions of the world, little is known of the mechanisms underlying community resilience to prolonged dry seasons, especially in "naïve" Neotropical rainforests. Predictions of community resilience to intensifying drought are complicated by the fact that the underlying mechanisms are mediated by species' tolerance and resistance traits<b>, </b>as well as rescue through dispersal from source patches.</p> <p class="MsoNoSpacing">We examined the contribution of <i>in situ</i> tolerance-resistance and immigration to community resilience, following drought events that ranged from the ambient norm to IPCC scenarios and extreme events.</p> <p class="MsoNoSpacing">We used rainshelters above rainwater-filled bromeliads of French Guiana to emulate a gradient of drought intensity (from 1 to 6 times the current number of consecutive days without rainfall), and we analyzed the post-drought dynamics of the taxonomic and functional community structure of aquatic invertebrates to these treatments when immigration is excluded (by netting bromeliads) or permitted (no nets).</p> <p class="MsoNoSpacing">Drought intensity negatively affected invertebrate community resistance, but had a positive influence on community recovery during the post-drought phase. After droughts of 1 to 1.4 times the current intensities, the overall invertebrate abundance recovered within invertebrate life cycle durations (up to 2 months). Shifts in taxonomic composition were more important after longer droughts, but overall, community composition showed recovery towards baseline states. The non-random patterns of changes in functional community structure indicated that deterministic processes like environmental filtering of traits drive community re-assembly patterns after a drought event. Community resilience mostly relied on <i>in situ </i>tolerance-resistance traits. A rescue effect of immigration after a drought event was weak and mostly apparent under extreme droughts.</p> <p class="MsoNoSpacing">Under climate change scenarios of drought intensification in Neotropical regions, community and ecosystem resilience could primarily depend on the persistence of suitable habitats and on the resistance traits of species, while metacommunity dynamics could make a minor contribution to ecosystem recovery. Climate change adaptation should thus aim at identifying and preserving local conditions that foster <i>in situ</i> resistance and the buffering effects of habitat features.</p>
Data from: Resilience of ecosystem processes: a new approach shows that functional redundancy of biological control services is reduced by landscape simplification
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In situ resistance, not immigration, supports invertebrate community resilience to drought intensification in a Neotropical ecosystem
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.