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46 results for “ecosystem respiration”
LBA-ECO CD-08 Tropical Forest Ecosystem Respiration, Manaus, Brazil
Understanding how tropical forest carbon balance will respond to global change requires knowledge of individual heterotrophic and autotrophic respiratory sources, together with factors that control respiratory variability. We measured leaf, live wood (tree stem), and soil respiration, along with additional environmental factors over a 1-yr period in a Central Amazon terra firme forest. Scaling these fluxes to the ecosystem, and combining our data with results from other studies, we estimated an average total ecosystem respiration (R-eco) of 7.8 mumol(.)m(-2.)s(-1). Average estimates (per unit ground area) for leaf, wood, soil, total heterotrophic, and total autotrophic respiration were 2.6, 1.1, 3.2, 5.6, and 2.2 mumol(.)m(-2.)s(-1), respectively. Comparing autotrophic respiration with net primary production (NPP) estimates indicated that only similar to30% of carbon assimilated in photosynthesis was used to construct new tissues, with the remaining 70% being respired back to the atmosphere as autotrophic respiration. This low ecosystem carbon use efficiency (CUE) differs considerably from the relatively constant CUE of similar to0.5 found for temperate forests. Our R-eco estimate was comparable to the above-canopy flux (F-ac) from eddy covariance during defined sustained high turbulence conditions (when presumably F-ac = R-eco) of 8.4 (95% CI = 7.59.4). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that similar to50% of the nighttime variability in Fa, was accounted for by friction velocity (u*, a measure of turbulence) variables. After accounting for u* variability, mean F-ac varied significantly with seasonal and daily changes in precipitation. A seasonal increase in precipitation resulted in a decrease in F-ac similar to our soil respiration response to moisture. The effect of daily changes in precipitation was complex: precipitation after a dry period resulted in a large increase in F-ac whereas additional precipitation after a rainy period had little effect. This response was similar to that of surface litter (coarse and fine), where respiration is greatly reduced when moisture is limiting, but increases markedly and quickly saturates with an increase in moisture.
Data from: The effects of warming and nitrogen addition on ecosystem respiration in a Tibetan alpine meadow: the significance of winter warming
Global warming has become an indisputable fact on the Tibetan Plateau in the last decades. Alpine ecosystems are very sensitive to global warming, while the impact may depend on the degree of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition. Previous studies paid more attention on year-round warming, while the effects of winter warming was still lacking. In this paper, a manipulative experiment consisted of warming and N addition was carried out in an alpine meadow since 2010, and three types of warming treatments were set up: no-warming (NW), year-round (YW) and winter warming (WW). Warming significantly increased air and soil temperature, but decreased soil moisture. YW significantly decreased ecosystem respiration (Reco) in 2012, and WW decreased Reco under no N addition in 2014, while neither YW nor WW had significant effects on Reco under N addition, indicating that N addition compensated the negative effect of warming on Reco. Annually, YW and WW decreased total carbon (C) emissions, and the decrease extent was even larger under winter warming. Both YW and WW significantly decreased aboveground biomass under no N addition. YW significantly decreased soil inorganic N, and WW decreased it in 2013 and 2014 under no N, and WW decreased soil microbial biomass C. Structure Equation Modelling showed that soil moisture was the most important factors regulating Reco, and soil inorganic N content and microbial biomass C can explain 46.6% and 16.8% variations of Reco. The findings indicate that soil properties changes under warming had substantially effects on ecosystem C efflux in this alpine meadow. Inhibitory effects of winter warming on ecosystem C efflux were mainly attributed to the decline of soil N and soil microbial biomass, thus the effects of winter warming on ecosystem C emission are not so serious as expected and largely depend on N deposition in this semi-arid alpine meadow.
Data from: Nonlinear response of ecosystem respiration to multiple levels of temperature increases
Global warming exerts profound impacts on terrestrial carbon cycles and feedback to climates. Ecosystem respiration (ER) is one of the main components of biosphere CO2 fluxes. However, knowledge regarding how ER responds to warming is still lacking. In this study, a manipulative experiment with five simulated temperature increases (Control, Warming 1, Warming 2, Warming 3, Warming 4) was conducted to investigate ER responses to warming in an alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau. The results showed that ER was suppressed by warming both in dry and wet years. The responses of ER to warming all followed a nonlinear pattern. The nonlinear processes can be divided into three stages, including the quick-response stage (W1), stable stage (W1–W3) and transition stage (W4). Compared with the nonlinear model, the linear model maximumly overestimated the response ratios of ER to warming 2.2 % and 3.2 % in 2015 and 2016, respectively, and maximumly underestimated the ratio 7.0 % and 2.7 %. The annual differences in ER responding to warming were mainly attributed to the distinct seasonal distribution of precipitation. Specially, we found that the abrupt shift response of ER to warming under W4 treatment in 2015, which might be regulated by the excitatory effect of precipitation after long-term drought in the Mid-growing season. This study highlights the importance of the nonlinearity of warming effects on ER, which should be taken into the global-C-cycling models for better predicting future carbon - climate feedbacks.
"Four decades increase in gross photosynthesis of boreal forests balanced out by increase in ecosystem respiration" data and codes
<p>Data and codes related to the manuscript "Four decades increase in gross photosynthesis of boreal forests balanced out by increase in ecosystem respiration".</p>
Data from: Nonlinear response of ecosystem respiration to multiple levels of temperature increases
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: The effects of warming and nitrogen addition on ecosystem respiration in a Tibetan alpine meadow: the significance of winter warming
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.