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224 results for “environmental impact”
Impacts of environmental heterogeneity on natural selection in a wild bird population
<p>Natural selection has been studied for several decades, resulting in the computation of thousands of selection estimates. Although the importance of environmental conditions on selection has often been suggested, published estimates rarely take into account the effects of environmental heterogeneity on selection patterns. Here, we estimated linear and non‐linear viability selection gradients on morphological traits of 12 days‐old nestlings in a wild population of tree swallows (<i>Tachycineta bicolor</i>) across a large‐scale heterogeneous study system in southern Québec, Canada. We assessed the environmental drivers of nestling survival and evaluated their effects on strength and direction of selection gradients. Separate analyses of environmental variables showed that high temperatures and heavy rainfall caused stronger positive linear selection on morphological traits. Weaker linear selection was also measured in more extensively cultivated areas. Both strength and shape of non‐linear quadratic and correlational components of selection were modified by environmental variables. Considering all environmental variables revealed that precipitation since hatching affected patterns of linear selection on traits, while temperatures since hatching shaped nonlinear selection patterns. Our study underlines the importance of quantifying linear and non‐linear natural selection under various environmental conditions and how the evolutionary response of traits may be affected by ongoing human‐induced environmental changes.</p>
Strategic Environmental Messaging: Identifying the Most Impactful Communication Characteristics Through Cluster Analysis
<p>Datasets for study 1 & 2 for the manuscript Strategic Environmental Messaging: Identifying the Most Impactful Communication Characteristics Through Cluster Analysis</p>
High-resolution environmental and host-related factors impacting questing Ixodes scapularis at their northern range edge
<p>The geographic range of tick populations has expanded in Canada due to climate warming and the associated poleward range shifts of their vertebrate hosts. Abiotic factors, such as temperature, precipitation, and snow, are known to directly affect tick abundance. Yet, biotic factors, such as the abundance and diversity of mammal hosts, may also alter tick abundance and consequent tick-borne disease risk. Here, we incorporated host surveillance data with high-resolution environmental data to evaluate the combined impact of abiotic and biotic factors on questing <em>Ixodes scapularis </em>abundance in Ontario and Quebec, Canada. High-resolution abiotic factors were derived from remote sensing satellites and meteorological towers, while biotic factors related to mammal hosts were derived from active surveillance data that we collected in the field. Generalized additive models were used to determine the relative importance of abiotic and biotic factors on questing <em>I. scapularis</em> abundance. Combinations of abiotic and biotic factors were identified as important drivers of abundances of questing <em>I. scapularis</em>. Positive and negative linear relationships were found for questing <em>I. scapularis </em>abundance with precipitation and accumulated snow, but no effect was found for the relative abundance of white-footed mice. Positive relationships were also identified between questing <em>I. scapularis </em>abundance with monthly mean precipitation and mammal species richness. Therefore, future studies that assess <em>I. scapularis </em>should incorporate host surveillance data with high-resolution environmental factors to determine the key drivers impacting the<em> </em>abundance and geographic spread of tick populations and tick-borne pathogens.</p>
Environmental impact assessment for large carnivores: a methodological review of the wolf (Canis lupus) monitoring in Portugal
<p>The continuous growth of the global human population results in increased use and change of landscapes, with infrastructures like transportation or energy facilities, being a particular risk to large carnivores. Environmental Impact Assessments were established to identify the probable environmental consequences of any new proposed project, find ways to reduce impacts, and provide evidence to inform decision making and mitigation. Portugal has a wolf population of around 300 individuals, designated as an endangered species with full legal protection. They occupy the northern mountainous areas of the country which has also been the focus of new human infrastructures over the last 20 years. Consequently, dozens of wolf monitoring programs have been established to evaluate wolf population status, to identify impacts, and to inform appropriate mitigation or compensation measures. We reviewed Portuguese wolf monitoring programs to answer four key questions: do wolf programs examine adequate biological parameters to meet monitoring objectives? is the study design suitable for measuring impacts? are data collection methods and effort sufficient for the stated inference objectives? and do statistical analyses of the data lead to robust conclusions? Overall, we found a mismatch between the stated aims of wolf monitoring and the results reported, and often neither aligns with the existing national wolf monitoring guidelines. Despite the vast effort expended and the diversity of methods used, data analysis makes almost exclusive use of relative indices or summary statistics, with little consideration of the potential biases that arise through the (imperfect) observational process. This makes comparisons of impacts across space and time difficult and is therefore unlikely to contribute to a general understanding of wolf responses to infrastructure-related disturbance. We recommend the development of standardized monitoring protocols and advocate for the use of statistical methods that account for imperfect detection to guarantee accuracy, reproducibility, and efficacy of the programs.</p>
Environmental impacts and economic costs of perovskite light-emitting diodes
<p>Environmental impacts and economic costs of perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs), which are based on the life cycle assessments (LCA) and techno-economic assessments (TEA). They are also the dataset for the manuscript entitled "Towards sustainable perovskite light-emitting diodes".</p>
Fig. 1 in Waterbird Distribution Patterns And Environmentally Impacted Factors In Reclaimed Coastal Wetlands Of The Eastern End Of Nanhui County, Shanghai, China
Fig. 1. LocationofstudysitesinNanhuiCounty, Shanghai.
Modeling the economic and environmental impacts of land scarcity under deep uncertainty
<p>Code and input files for the Dolan et al. 2021 paper "Modeling the economic and environmental impacts of land scarcity under deep uncertainty"</p>
Socio-economic and environmental impacts of ants: data to support global assessments
<p>Risk assessments are fundamental to invasive species management and are underpinned by comprehensive characterization of invasive species impacts. Our understanding of the impacts of invasive species is growing constantly, and several recently developed frameworks offer the opportunity to systematically categorize environmental and socio-economic impacts of invasive species. Invasive ants are among the most widespread and damaging invaders. We provide a global, comprehensive assessment on the impacts of ants and propose a priority list of risk species. We used the Socio-Economic Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (SEICAT), Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (EICAT) and Generic Impact Scoring System (GISS) to analyse 642 unique sources for 100 named species. This dataset includes the raw recrods on which our assessments were based, and some summary data. Other data can be found in the publication.</p>
Effects of water source and technology on energy use and environmental impacts of rice production in northern Iran
<p>To analyze the energy flow and greenhouse gas emissions, a total of 200 paddy fields were selected based on the water source utilized for irrigation (river as the surface water source and well as the underground water source), transplanting methods (traditional and mechanical) and grain yield (low- and high-yielding rice cultivars) as a factorial experimental design (2×2×2=8 conditions). Data were collected in 2020 from 200 rice growers in northern Iran using a face-to-face questionnaire survey.</p>
Urban Stream Environmental and Sequencing Datasets for Exploring the Impacts of Full-Scale Distribution System Orthophosphate Corrosion Control Implementation on the Microbial Ecology of Hydrologically Connected Urban Streams
<p>The dataset of environmental parameters and sequence fastqs used to create figures and do analysis in the paper <strong>Exploring the Impacts of Full-Scale Distribution System Orthophosphate Corrosion Control Implementation on the Microbial Ecology of Hydrologically Connected Urban Streams </strong>submitted to Applied and Environmental Microbiology. </p>
Data archive for paper "Energy and environmental impacts of air-to-air heat pumps in a mid-latitude city"
<p><strong>Overview</strong></p> <p>This is the data archive for paper "<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-49836-3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Energy and environmental impacts of air-to-air heat pumps in a mid-latitude city</a>". It contains the paper's data archive with model outputs (see <code>notebooks</code> folder) and the Singularity image for (optionally) re-running experiments.</p> <p>For the standalone models to model air conditioners and heat pumps please refer to <a href="https://github.com/dmey/minimal-dx">MinimalDX</a>.</p> <p><strong>Prerequisites</strong></p> <ul> <li>Linux with Bash shell.</li> <li><a>Git</a> version >= 2.</li> <li><a href="https://sylabs.io/">Singularity</a> version >= 3.</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Batch_System">Portable Batch System</a>*.</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_Fortran_Compiler">Intel Fortran Compiler</a> [<em>Required for MesoNH simulations</em>].</li> <li>A compatible version of the MPI library implementation version 3 [<em>Required for MesoNH simulations</em>].</li> </ul> <p>Please note that most steps require <a href="https://sylabs.io/">Singularity</a>. If you are looking for information on how to install or use Singularity, please refer to the <a href="https://sylabs.io/docs">Singularity documentation</a>. Please note that depending on your specific system settings and resource availability, you may need to modify PBS parameters at the top of submit scripts stored in the hpc directory.</p> <p><strong>Simulations</strong></p> <p><em><strong>Offline</strong></em></p> <ol> <li>Build Surfex with <code>qsub hpc/surfex_build.pbs</code>.</li> <li>Run scenarios with the following commands: <pre><code> qsub -v case_name=fincap hpc/surfex_run.pbs qsub -v case_name=fincap_extended_autosize hpc/surfex_run.pbs qsub -v case_name=minidx_cop=2.5 hpc/surfex_run.pbs qsub -v case_name=minidx_cop=3.0 hpc/surfex_run.pbs qsub -v case_name=minidx_cop=3.5 hpc/surfex_run.pbs qsub -v case_name=minidx_cop=4.0 hpc/surfex_run.pbs<br> qsub -v case_name=minidx_cop=4.5 hpc/surfex_run.pbs </code></pre> </li> </ol> <p><em><strong>Online</strong></em></p> <p>To run MesoNH simulations, follow the three steps outlined below in the same order. Note: Depending on your system and configuration, submit scripts may require change.</p> <ol> <li>Build MesoNH with <code>qsub hpc/build_mnh_intel.pbs</code>.</li> <li>Run the preprocessing step with <code>qsub hpc/submit_mnh_prep.pbs</code>.</li> <li>Finally run MesoNH cases with the following commands for <code>fincap</code> and <code>minidx</code> simulations respectively: <pre><code> hpc/submit_mnh.sh fincap 20050120 12 1 toulouse hpc/submit_mnh.sh minidx 20050120 12 1 toulouse </code></pre> </li> <li>Post-process the results with <code>qsub hpc/submit_mnh_post.pbs</code></li> </ol> <p><strong>Analyses</strong></p> <pre><code>qsub hpc/postprocess_results.pbs # Plots in notebooks/ </code></pre>
Figure 1 in Impacts of environmental factors on zooplankton taxonomic diversity in coastal lagoons in Turkey
Figure 1. The location of the Dalyan and Arapçiftliği lagoons.
Processed data for Evidence of horizontal gene transfer and environmental selection impacting antibiotic resistance evolution in soil-dwelling Listeria
<p>Processed/source data for the manuscript Evidence of horizontal gene transfer and environmental selection impacting antibiotic resistance evolution in soil-dwelling <em>Listeria</em>.</p>
Environmental impacts on diapause and survival of the alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata
<p><i>Megachile rotundata</i> exhibits a facultative prepupal diapause but the cues regulating diapause initiation are not well understood. Possible cues include daylength and temperature. <i>Megachile rotundata</i> females experience changing daylengths over the nesting season that may influence diapause incidence in their offspring through a maternal effect. Juvenile <i>M. rotundata</i> spend their developmental period confined in a nesting cavity, potentially subjected to stressful temperatures that may affect diapause incidence and survival. To estimate the impact of daylength and nest cavity temperature on offspring diapause, we designed a 3D printed box with iButtons that measured nest cavity temperature. We observed nest building throughout the season, monitored nest cavity temperature, and followed offspring through development to measure diapause incidence and mortality. We found that daylength was a cue for diapause, and nest cavity temperature did not influence diapause incidence. Eggs laid during long days had a lower probability of diapause. Siblings tended to have the same diapause status, explaining a lot of the remaining variance in diapause incidence. Some females established nests that contained both diapausing and nondiapausing individuals, which were distributed throughout the nest. Nest cavities reached stressful temperatures, which decreased survival. Mortality was significantly higher in nondiapausing bees and the individuals that were laid first in the nest. In conclusion, we demonstrate a maternal effect for diapause that is mediated by daylength and is independent of nest box temperature.</p>
Data from: Environmental context determines pollution impacts on ecosystem functioning
<p><span>Global change assessments have typically ignored synthetic chemical pollution, despite the rapid increase of </span><span>pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and industrial chemicals in the environment.</span> <span>Part of the problem reflects the multifarious origins of these micropollutants, which can derive from urban and agricultural sources. Understanding how micropollutants harm ecosystems is a major scientific challenge due to asymmetries of stress across trophic levels and </span><span>ecological surprises generated by multiple</span><span> drivers interacting in human-impacted landscapes. We used field assays above and below municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in 60 sampling locations across 20 Swiss streams to test how micropollutants and nutrients originating from WWTPs affect two trophic levels (microbes and detritivores) and their role in leaf litter processing. Wastewater impacts were asymmetric across trophic levels, with the detritivore contribution declining relative to microbial-driven decomposition. The strength of negative impacts was context-dependent, peaking at sites with the highest upstream abundances of detritivorous invertebrates. Diffuse pollution from intensive agriculture and wastewater-born micropollutants contributed to reduced litter processing rates, including indirect effects apparently mediated through negative influences of insecticides on detritivores. Asymmetries in stress responses across trophic levels can introduce quantitative changes in consumer-resource dynamics and leaf litter processing. </span><span>This means functional redundancies at different trophic levels are insufficient to compensate for biodiversity losses, causing environmental stressors such as chemical pollutants to have pervasive ecosystem-level impacts. </span></p>
Data for How to estimate whether preferential trade agreements contribute to international environmental impact shifting. A new methodology and empirical illustration for Switzerland
<p>Raw and processed data for the paper "<em>How to estimate whether preferential trade agreements contribute to international environmental impact shifting. A new methodology and empirical illustration for Switzerland"</em></p> <p>The raw trade data file is named TradeDataAggregated.rds</p> <p>The raw greenhouse gas footprint data is contained in Output_all.xlsx</p>
Meshulam, Goldberg, & Makov, Sharing Economy Environmental Impacts
<p>Meshulam, T., S. Goldberg, and T. Makov. 2022. The environmental impacts of the sharing economy: A synthesis of empirical evidence. nDEE Framing Paper. Network for the Digital Economy and the Environment.</p> <p>The dataset includes a full list or papers included in the review, along with classification according to the different factors examined and environmental impact score assigned is available through the following link The Network for the Digital Economy.</p>
Data for: The impact of wildlife and environmental factors on hantavirus infection in host and its translation into human risk
<p><span>Identifying factors that drive infection dynamics in reservoir host populations is essential in understanding human risk from wildlife-originated zoonoses. We studied zoonotic <em>Puumala</em> <em>orthohantavirus</em> (PUUV) in the host, the bank vole (<em>Myodes</em> <em>glareolus</em>), populations in relation to the host population, rodent and predator community and environment-related factors and whether these processes are translated into human infection incidence. We used 5-year rodent trapping and bank vole PUUV serology data collected from 30 sites located in 24 municipalities in Finland. We found that PUUV seroprevalence was negatively associated with the abundance of red foxes, but this process did not translate into human disease incidence, which showed no association with PUUV seroprevalence. The abundance of weasels, the proportion of juvenile bank voles in the host populations and rodent species diversity were negatively associated with the abundance index of PUUV-positive bank voles, which, in turn, showed a positive association with human disease incidence. Our results suggest certain predators, high proportion of young bank vole individuals and a diverse rodent community, may reduce PUUV risk for humans through their negative impacts on the abundance of infected bank voles.</span></p>
What Do Firms Say in Reporting on Impacts of Climate Change? An Approach to Monitoring ESG Actions and Environmental Policy
<p>This paper focuses on two research questions arising from the 2010 U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Advisory on climate change reporting: (1) How does the discussion of climate change in SEC filings change after the Advisory? and (2) What are firms talking about when they talk about climate change?<br> Findings were obtained from the 218,000 10-K filings to the SEC during the 2000--2019 period. The study develops and applies text mining methodology based on extracting information from the ``semantic associates'' in the ``neighborhoods'' of indicative terms. On (1) it finds that climate change-related reporting does increase substantially after the SEC guidance. On (2) a nuanced picture emerges. Firms with comparatively larger transition risks tend to discuss climate change comparatively more, focusing on regulation-related topics. Firms exposed to the physical risks of climate change tend to discuss climate change somewhat less, focusing on meteorological topics. The results enrich our understanding regarding environmental policies and firms' behaviors regarding climate change. Theoretical and practical implications are provided.</p>
Data from: Environmental DNA metabarcoding revealed the impacts of anthropogenic activities on phytoplankton diversity in Dianchi Lake and its three inflow rivers
<p>Phytoplankton diversity is closely related to environmental variables and has been widely used in ecological health assessment of rivers and lakes. Combining the advantages of DNA-based identification and high-throughput sequencing technology, environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding permits a new measurement for biodiversity monitoring in aquatic ecosystems. However, it had rarely been used to explore the variability and similarity of phytoplankton diversity between a lake and its inflow rivers and the effects of environmental variables on phytoplankton. This study utilized eDNA metabarcoding to investigate the spatial distribution of phytoplankton and the impacts of environmental variables on the phytoplankton diversity in Dianchi Lake (one of the most polluted urban lakes in China) and its main inflow rivers (Panlong River, Baoxiang River and Chai River). The OTU table is the original table about phytoplankton taxa. A total of 243 distinct phytoplankton taxa were detected, covering 9 phyla, 30 classes, 84 orders and 132 families, and the taxonomic richness of rivers was higher than that of Dianchi Lake.</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.