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192 results for “environmental modelling”
Data for: Water system simulation modeling with hydropower optimization and environmental flows: An example with Pywr
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Data from: Estimating fish population abundance by integrating quantitative data on environmental DNA and hydrodynamic modeling
<p>Molecular analysis of DNA left in the environment, known as environmental DNA (eDNA), has proven to be a powerful and cost-effective approach to infer occurrence of species. Nonetheless, relating measurements of eDNA concentration to population abundance remains difficult because detailed knowledge on the processes that govern spatial and temporal distribution of eDNA should be integrated to reconstruct the underlying distribution and abundance of a target species. In this study, we propose a general framework of abundance estimation for aquatic systems on the basis of spatially replicated measurements of eDNA. The proposed method explicitly accounts for production, transport, and degradation of eDNA by utilizing numerical hydrodynamic models that can simulate the distribution of eDNA concentrations within an aquatic area. It turns out that, under certain assumptions, population abundance can be estimated via a Bayesian inference of a generalized linear model. Application to a Japanese jack mackerel (<em>Trachurus japonicus</em>) population in Maizuru Bay revealed that the proposed method gives an estimate of population abundance comparable to that of a quantitative echo sounder method. Furthermore, the method successfully identified a source of exogenous input of eDNA (a fish market), which may render a quantitative application of eDNA difficult to interpret unless its effect is taken into account. These findings indicate the ability of eDNA to reliably reflect population abundance of aquatic macroorganisms; when the "ecology of eDNA" is adequately accounted for, population abundance can be quantified on the basis of measurements of eDNA concentration.</p>
Insights from Fisher's geometric model on the likelihood of speciation under different histories of environmental change
<p>All code and simulation data necessary to repeat the analysis described in "Insights from Fisher's geometric model on the likelihood of speciation under different histories of environmental change."</p>
Hierarchical multi-grain models improve descriptions of species' environmental associations, distribution, and abundance
<p>The characterization of species' environmental niches and spatial distribution predictions based on them are now central to much of ecology and conservation, but implicitly requires decisions about the appropriate spatial scale (i.e. <i>grain</i>) of analysis. Ecological theory and empirical evidence suggest that range-resident species respond to their environment at two characteristic, hierarchical spatial grains: (i) <i>response grain</i>, the (relatively fine) grain at which an individual uses environmental resources, and (ii) <i>occupancy grain</i>,<i> </i>the (relatively coarse) grain equivalent to a typical home range. We use a multi-grain (MG) occupancy model, aided by fine-grain remotely sensed imagery, to simultaneously estimate species-environment associations at both grains, conduct grain optimization to measure response grain, and apply this analysis framework to an example species: a medium-sized bird (<i>Tockus deckeni</i>) in a heterogeneous East African landscape. Based on home range analysis of movement data, we calculate an occupancy grain of 1km for <i>T. deckeni</i>. Using a grain optimization procedure across 32 grains from 10m to 500m, we identify 60m as the most strongly supported response grain for a suite of environmental variables, slightly coarser than opportunistic behavioral observations would have suggested. Validation confirms that the accuracy of the optimized MG occupancy model substantially exceeds that of equivalent single-grain (SG) occupancy models. We further use a simulation approach to assess the potential impacts of accounting for the multi-scale structure of species' environmental requirements on estimates of population size. We find that the more strongly supported MG approach consistently predicts a minimum population sizes in the study landscape that is much lower than that provided by the SG model. This suggests that SG approaches commonly used in conservation applications could lead to overly optimistic abundance and population estimates and that the MG approach may be more appropriate for supporting species conservation goals. More generally, we conclude that multi-grain approaches of the sort presented, and increasingly enabled by growing high-resolution remotely sensed data, hold great promise for offering a more mechanistic framework for assessing the appropriate grain(s) for population monitoring and management and enable more reliable estimates of abundances and species' distributions.</p>
Biological and environmental data for a study on transferability of statistical and machine learning models using North Sea Macrozoobenthos
<p>General</p> <p>Data documented here are not the product of our research but was scraped from various sources and processed - so no genuine reupload. This collection is a contribution to reproduceable reseach. All datasets are given in "RData" binary format</p> <p> </p> <p>Data description</p> <p>majornorthseabenthos </p> <p>This is macrozoobenthos data as data frame scraped from the GBIF repository (gbif.org). Species are Corbula gibba, Tellina fabula, Turritella communis, Euspira pulchella, Corystes cassive- launus, Upogebia deltaura, Lanice conchilega, Nephtys hombergii, Echinocardium cordatum, and Amphiura filiformis. data was postprocessed to have only single occurrence fon the approxinatel 1x1 km grid used for this study. Also, occurrences closer than 5 km close to shore were removed - including occurrences on land.</p> <p> </p> <p>Predictors</p> <p>A SpatialPixelsDataFrame in EPSG 4326 with five layers: Median grain size in micrometers, mud content in percent (both MUDAB database), water depth in meters above MSL (Weatherall et al, 2015), modelled average bottom shear stress from waves in N/sqrm (The Wamdi Group, 1988) and climatologival average winter bottom water temperature in deg. C (Stips et al, 2004).</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p>References</p> <p>Stips A, Bolding K, Pohlmann T, Burchard H (2004) Simulating the temporal and spatial dy- namics of the North Sea using the new model GETM (general estuarine transport model). Ocean Dynamics 54(2):266–283</p> <p>The Wamdi Group (1988) The WAM model-a third generation ocean wave prediction model. Journal of Physical Oceanography 18(12):1775–1810</p> <p>Weatherall P, Marks K, Jakobsson M, Schmitt T, Tani S, Arndt JE, Rovere M, Chayes D, Ferrini V, Wigley R (2015) A new digital bathymetric model of the world’s oceans. Earth and Space Science 2(8):331–345</p> <p> </p>
A matter of scale: Identifying the best spatial and temporal scale of environmental variables to model the distribution of a small cetacean
<p>The importance of scale when investigating ecological patterns and processes is recognised across many species. In marine ecosystems, the processes that drive species distribution have a hierarchical structure over multiple nested spatial and temporal scales. Hence, multi-scale approaches should be considered when developing accurate distribution models to identify key habitats, particularly for populations of conservation concern. Here, we propose a modelling procedure to identify the best spatial and temporal scale for each modelled and remotely sensed oceanographic variable to model harbour porpoise (<em>Phocoena phocoena</em>) distribution. Harbour porpoise sightings were recorded during dedicated line-transect aerial surveys conducted in the summer of 2016, 2021 and 2022 in the Northeast Atlantic. Binary generalised additive models were used to assess the relationships between porpoise presence and oceanographic variables at different spatial (5, 20 and 40 km) and temporal (daily, monthly and across survey period) scales. Selected variables included sea surface temperature, thermal fronts, chlorophyll-a, sea surface height, mixed layer depth and salinity. A total of 30,514 km was covered on-effort with 216 harbour porpoise sightings recorded. Overall, the best spatial scale corresponded to the coarsest resolution considered in this study (40 km), while porpoise presence showed stronger association with oceanographic variables summarised at a longer temporal scale (monthly and averaged over survey period). Habitat models including covariates at coarse spatial and temporal scales may better reflect the processes driving availability and abundance of prey resources at the large scales covered during the surveys. These findings support the hypothesis that a multi-scale approach should be applied when investigating species distribution. Identifying suitable spatial and temporal scale would improve the functional interpretation of the underlying relationships, particularly when studying how a small marine predator interacts with its environment and responds to climate and ecosystem changes. </p>
Models of evolutionary rescue with plasticity and nonlinear environmental change: code and data
<p>Rapid environmental changes are putting numerous species at risk of extinction. For migration-limited species, persistence depends on either phenotypic plasticity or evolutionary adaptation (evolutionary rescue). Current theory on evolutionary rescue typically assumes linear environmental change. Yet accelerating environmental change may pose a bigger threat. Here we present the simulation code and data from a model of a species encountering an environment with accelerating or decelerating change, to which it can adapt through evolution or phenotypic plasticity (within-generational or transgenerational). We show that unless either form of plasticity is sufficiently strong or adaptive genetic variation is sufficiently plentiful, accelerating or decelerating environmental change increases extinction risk compared to linear environmental change for the same mean rate of environmental change. </p>
Modeling the economic and environmental impacts of land scarcity under deep uncertainty
<p>Code and input files for the Dolan et al. 2021 paper "Modeling the economic and environmental impacts of land scarcity under deep uncertainty"</p>
Global Socio-Economic and Environmental data for PyPSA-Earth: An Open Optimisation Model of the Earth Energy System.
<p><strong>PyPSA-Earth </strong>is an open model dataset of the global power system at different network levels that cover our Earth. The African model can be built using the code provided at <a href="https://github.com/pypsa-meets-africa/pypsa-africa">https://github.com/pypsa-meets-africa/pypsa-africa</a>. Other regions follow soon under the same code base.</p> <p>Since the GitHub codebase is not suited for handling large changing files, we provide here separate <strong>data bundles and cutouts</strong> to be downloaded and extracted as noted in the <a href="https://pypsa-meets-africa.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html">documentation</a></p> <p>The below-provided<strong> data files </strong>contain various open data for improving energy system modelling decisions. A thorough description with license restrictions will follow soon.</p>
Environmental (oxygen) conditions on the NW African coast from 3D reanalysis models
<p>This dataset contain hydrodynamic and biogeochemical variables extracted from the CMEMS service (<a href="https://marine.copernicus.eu/">https://marine.copernicus.eu/</a>) covering the NW region of the African coast and the period 1993 to 2019. The environmental dataset include subsurface (100 to 200m) oxygen concentration.</p>
Environmental (biogeochemical) conditions on the NW African coast from 3D reanalysis models
<p>This dataset contain hydrodynamic and biogeochemical variables extracted from the CMEMS service (<a href="https://marine.copernicus.eu/">https://marine.copernicus.eu/</a>) covering the NW region of the African coast and the period 1993 to 2019. The environmental dataset include: nitrate concentration, phosphate concentration and chlorophyll-a concentration.</p>
observed dataset and FVCOM-ERSEM modeling result of environmental factors and Chl-a concentration in CRE
<p>This data set is mainly used in the article "Formation and Breakdown of an Offshore Summer Cold-Water Zone and Its Ecological Effect on Phytoplankton". "2013-2018 data" was the dataset of obversed data in the Changjiang River Esturary (CRE) during the summer of 2013-2018. And the "cje1v_avg_2015.zip" was the result of three-dimensional physical-biogeochemical coupled model(FVCOM-ERSEM).</p>
ODP Site 1249, ODP Site 1252, and IODP Site U1325: X-ray fluoresence core scanning, laser diffraction grain size, CNS elemental/isotopic, environmental magnetism, and age model data
<p>We present data used as part of an integrative early diagenesis study (submitted September 2022 to Marine Geology) focused on identifying zones of magnetite dissolution and pyrite precipitation in which magnetic susceptibility records are altered in gas-hydrate bearing sediments on the Cascadia Margin using archived cores from the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) and Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP). We analyzed the upper 85 to 100 m below seafloor (mbsf) from ODP Sites 1249 and 1252, and IODP Site U1325. ODP 1249 is at the summit of Hydrate Ridge in an area of active methane seepage and massive gas hydrate accumulations and ODP 1252 is in a nearby slope basin with little occurrence of hydrate. IODP Site U1325 is on the northern Cascadia Margin in a slope basin, with turbidite-hosted gas hydrate. We also include XRF data from the upper sections of ODP Site 1251, IODP U1327, and U1328.</p> <p>We measured X-ray fluorescence using an Avaatech core scanner at the IODP Gulf Coast Repository at Texas A&M University. We measured total carbon, total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen, and total sulfur using a Perkin Elmer 2400 Series CHNS/O Analyzer at the university of New Hampshire (ODP Site 1249 and 1252 only). A subset was analyzed for δ<sup>13</sup>C-TOC using a Costech ECS 4010 elemental analyzer interfaced with a Thermo Finnegan Delta Plus XP continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometer at Washington State University. Grain size was measured with a Malvern Mastersizer 2000 laser diffraction particle size analyzer and Hydro 2000G dispersal unit at the University of New Hampshire. Mass frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility was measured using a Bartington MS2 Magnetic Susceptibility Meter and Bartington MS2B dual frequency sensor (Site U1325 only). Isothermal remanent magnetization and thermal demagnetization curves were measured using a HSM2 SQUID-based Spinner Magnetometer with an ASC Scientific IM-10-30 Impulse Magnetizer and ASC Scientific TD-48SC magnetically-shielded oven (Site U1325 only). Radiocarbon was measured on mixed planktic foraminifers at the Radiocarbon was measured at National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (NOSAMS) facility at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (ODP Site 1252 and IODP Site U1325).. Radiocarbon ages were calibrated to calendar ages using CALIB 8.2 and the Marine20 calibration curve. For ODP Site 1252 we used a reservoir correction of 230 ± 50 years (Yaquina Bay, Oregon, USA) and for IODP Site U1325 we used a reservoir correction of 202 ± 50 years (Amphitrite Point, British Columbia, Canada). δ<sup>18</sup>O was measured on benthic foraminifer <em>Uvigerina peregrina</em> tests using a Finnegan MAT 252 isotope ratio mass spectrometer with Kiel III device at the Oregon State University Stable Isotope Laboratory (ODP 1252) and a Finnegan MAT 253 isotope ratio mass spectrometer with Kiel IV device at the University of Michigan Stable Isotope Laboratory (ODP Site 1249 and IODP Site U1325).</p>
Data from: Nature versus nurture: Structural equation modeling indicates that parental care does not mitigate consequences of poor environmental conditions in Eastern bluebirds (Sialia sialis)
<p>1. How organisms respond to variation in environmental conditions and whether behavioral responses can mitigate negative consequences on growth, condition and other fitness measures are critical to our ability to conserve populations in changing environments. Offspring development is affected by environmental conditions and parental care behavior. When adverse environmental conditions are present, parents may alter behaviors to mitigate the impacts of poor environmental conditions on offspring.</p> <p>2. We determined if parental behavior (provisioning rates, attentiveness, nest temperature) varied in relation to environmental conditions (e.g., food availability, ectoparasites) and if parental behavior mitigated negative consequences of the environment on their offspring in Eastern bluebirds (<i>Sialia sialis</i>).</p> <p>3. We found that offspring on territories with lower food availability had higher hematocrit, and when bird blow flies (<i>Protocalliphora</i> spp.) were present growth rates were reduced. Parents increased provisioning and nest attendance in response to increased food availability but did not alter behavior in response to parasitism by blow flies. While parents altered behavior in response to resource availability, parents were unable to override the direct effects of negative environmental conditions on offspring growth and hematocrit.</p> <p>4. Our work highlights the importance of the environment on offspring development and suggests that parents may not be able to sufficiently alter behavior to ameliorate challenging environmental conditions.</p>
Fig. 1 in Macro-Scale Environmental Preferences Of Bombina Bombina: A Modeling Approach
Fig. 1. Foto Bombina bombina (yellow ventral side) from Kanev.
Fig.5 in Macro-Scale Environmental Preferences Of Bombina Bombina: A Modeling Approach
Fig.5. Correlation between modelled habitat suitability and "mean temperature of coldest quarter".
A Modeling Framework for Near-Road Population Exposure to Traffic-Related PM2.5 and Environmental Equity Analysis: A Case Study in Atlanta, Georgia
<p>This is the dataset for the NCST project <em>"A Modeling Framework for Near-Road Population Exposure to Traffic-Related PM2.5 and Environmental Equity Analysis: A Case Study in Atlanta, Georgia"</em> by the Georgia Tech research team.</p> <p> </p> <p>Here is the abstract of the research: </p> <p>In this study, a modeling framework for population exposure to traffic-related PM2.5 with high spatiotemporal resolution is proposed and applied to the I-575/I-75 Northwest Corridor (NWC) in Atlanta, GA, for environmental equity analysis. The analyses retrieved trip data from the Atlanta Regional Commission’s (ARC) Activity-Based Model 2020 (ABM2020), after implementing path retention algorithms (Zhao, et al., 2019) to generate individual travel paths for more than 20 million predicted vehicle trips. Emission rates for each link were retrieved from MOVES-Matrix given the ABM link speed and facility type, the ARC’s county-level fleet composition data, and regional fuel properties and I&M program parameters. High-resolution downwind concentration profiles were predicted using EPA’s AERMOD microscale dispersion model with AERMET meteorology profiles for a huge array of receptors. Trip-end locations were derived from the ABM trip data, and the on-road trajectories for each person-trip (vehicle trace data) were derived from the travel paths through network. ABM synthetic household and person data were used in demographic assessment, and linked to representative household latitude and longitude locations in the Epsilon 2019 household demographic dataset. Individual exposure to traffic-related PM2.5 in time and space (average hourly concentration) was assessed by overlaying the second-by-second person location profiles (for 24 hours) against the hourly predicted PM2.5 concentration profiles. The analyses summarize the results across 16 demographic groups and the aggregate population exposure are compared to assess potential impact differences across demographics. High-income households in the corridor were exposed to less traffic-related air pollution as they tended to live further from the freeways. The analyses did not reveal large disproportionate negative impacts on low income groups along this specific corridor, but lager disproportionate negative impacts are expected elsewhere in the metro area due to the spatial clustering of income groups along other corridors. Overall, the research demonstrates the applicability of the modeling framework and describes how the various elements (e.g., link screening, dispersion modeling, path tracing, etc.) are optimized on the supercomputing cluster.</p>
Data from: Multispecies site occupancy modeling and study design for spatially replicated environmental DNA metabarcoding
<p>Although environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding has become widely applied to gauge ecosystems in a noninvasive and cost-efficient manner, false negatives can occur due to various factors in its inherent multistage workflow. It is therefore essential to deal with this kind of species detection errors in eDNA metabarcoding to achieve accurate assessment of species distribution and diversity. To address this issue, we proposed a variant of the multispecies site occupancy model for eDNA metabarcoding studies and applied it to an eDNA metabarcoding dataset of freshwater fish communities collected in the Kasumigaura watershed in Japan.</p> <ul> </ul>
Supplementary Information for "Modeling the circular economy in environmentally extended input–output: A web application"
<p>Supplementary Information for "Modeling the circular economy in environmentally extended input–output: A web application"</p> <p>Annex I: This supporting information provides the software review for native and web-based tools that could be used for Circular Economy and environmental analysis.</p> <p>Annex II: This supporting information provides the use-case result analysis.</p>
Areography, environmental heterogeneity and spatial models explain patterns of past and present diversity in Edraianthus (Campanulaceae)
<p>Our study aims to shed light on distribution patterns and the relationship between species diversity and environmental heterogeneity of 17 <em>Edraianthus</em> taxa. We examined present-day and past distribution (Last Glacial Maximum) by applying ecological niche modelling. The environmental space occupied by the taxa was analysed using niche comparison methods. The results support the idea that the central and southern Dinaric Alps represent a centre of diversity and endemism in the western Balkan Peninsula. <em>Edraianthus</em> diversity is best explained by topographic (slope) and bioclimatic predictors (maximum temperature of warmest month, precipitation seasonality, precipitation of warmest quarter, precipitation of coldest quarter), suggesting that mountain areas with the most diversified relief have higher diversity. Niche modelling results suggest considerable range dynamics during the climatically unstable Quaternary. Thermophitic and lowland taxa responded with longitudinal shifts to ecologically suitable areas farther south, while high mountain taxa responded mainly with elevational shifts. The greatest niche similarity is found among phylogenetically closely related taxa and among ecologically similar and often sympatric taxa. The least similarity was observed in species with marked differences in habitat elevation and in more geographically isolated species. Our results suggest that the extent of range and niche overlap varied among some taxa throughout their evolutionary history, which may have led to diversification at both allopatric and sympatric levels. The correlation between the genetic diversity of the most widespread taxon and the richness of taxa could be a consequence of past and present contacts. On the other hand, alternate periods of isolation may have favoured the emergence of taxa that are reproductively isolated and ecologically specialised.</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.