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Figure 4 in Continental fishes from the Tambaba Environmentally Protected Area, Paraíba State, Brazil

Figure 4. Species of fish from Tambaba APA hydrographic basins: (a) Diapterus auratus, 57.4 mm SL; (b) Eucinostomus argenteus, 69.7 mm SL; (c) Eucinostomus gula, 61.4 mm SL; (d) Haemulon aurolineatum, 90.2 mm SL; (e) Lutjanus alexandrei, 55.6 mm SL; (f) Lutjanus jocu, 45.6 mm SL; (g) Abudefduf saxatil, 17.8 mm SL; (h) Trinectes inscriptus, 46.9 mm SL; (i) Citharichthys sp., 95.9 mm SL; (j) Citharichthys spilopterus, 103.1 mm SL; (k) Synbranchus aff. marmoratus, 315.3 mm TL.

Figure 3 in Continental fishes from the Tambaba Environmentally Protected Area, Paraíba State, Brazil

Figure 3. Species of fish from Tambaba APA hydrographic basins: (a) Poecilia vivipara, 32.7 mm SL; (b) Dormitator maculatus, 67.3 mm SL; (c) Eleotris pisonis, 65.7 mm SL; (d) Awaous tajasica, 70.6 mm SL; (e) Bathygobius soporator, 71.9 mm SL; (f) Evorthodus lyricus, 90.9 mm SL; (g) Ctenogobius boleosoma, 16.6 mm SL; (h) Gymnotus carapo, 86.1 mm TL; (i) Sphyraena barracuda, 153.8 mm SL; (j) Mugil curema, 86.9 mm SL; (k) Centropomus undecimalis, 121.8 mm SL; (l) Gymnura micrura, 94.9 mm SL.

Figure 5 in Continental fishes from the Tambaba Environmentally Protected Area, Paraíba State, Brazil

Figure 5. Species of fish from Tambaba APA hydrographic basins: (a) Sphoeroides spengleri, 90.3 mm SL; (b) Sphoeroides testudineus, 73.3 mm SL; (c) Syngnathus pelagicus, 153.8 mm SL. Pratagi River micro-basin in Rio Grande do Norte State, (Ramos, 2012). A small-sized species, Poecilia vivipara, Brazil. Gouveia et al. (2017) registered 18 freshwater spe- popularly known as "guarú", "guru" or "barrigudinho" also cies, distributed within seven families and five orders in holds no commercial interest to local fishing communi- Guaribas Biological Reserve UC and surrounding areas ties. These three species combined correspond to 67% from the Camaratuba River hydrographic basin. These of the total captured specimens. Small-sized species studies are incongruent with the present analysis but it are often used in the aquarium trade, as is the case for is noticed a similar number of species to that those regis- species from Characidae and Poeciliidae (Nelson, 2006; tered for the coastal rivers of the Atlantic Forest in NCCD Magalhães & Jacobi, 2013), although this secondary acecoregion. tivity was not observed within the Tambaba APA. Characiformes, Characidae is the most representa- Hemigrammus unilineatus was recognized in coasttive group among the freshwater fishes in the Tambaba al rivers from the Atlantic forest biome in the Brazilian APA. This result is congruent with previous studies on the northeast region (Buckup et al., 2007; Menezes et al., 2007; freshwater ichthyofauna from the NCCD hydrographic Langeani et al., 2009; Gouveia et al., 2017) even though basins (e.g., Torelli et al., 1997; Ramos et al., 2005; Paiva the type-locality of this species is in Trinidad Island, West et al., 2014; Silva et al., 2014; Rodrigues-Filho et al., 2016; Indies (Reis et al., 2003). Historical relationships between Costa et al., 2017; Gouveia et al., 2017; Teixeira et al., 2017; the Atlantic and Amazonian forests explain the natural Oliveira-Silva et al., 2018; Ramos et al., 2018). These re- distribution of this species in the Brazilian northeast results differ from the general pattern of dominance that gion (Wang et al., 2004; Menezes et al., 2007; Dagosta & is noticed for the NCCD ecoregion as provided in Lima de Pinna, 2017; Teixeira et al., 2017). et al. (2017); Siluriformes has the highest number of spe- In the marine-estuarine ichthyofauna, Perciformes cies (143 vs. 132 Characiformes). However, species of is one of the largest groups of the study area as previ- Characiformes dominate when each basin of the NCCD ously observed in other Brazilian northeastern estuaries is evaluated individually as pointed out in Oliveira-Silva (e.g., Teixeira & Falcão, 1992; Alves & Soares-Filho, 1996; et al. (2018), and according to the authors the greatest Santos, 2000; Araújo et al., 2000; Paiva et al., 2008; Reisnumber of Siluriformes for this ecoregion occurs due to Filho et al., 2010; Oliveira-Silva et al., 2008; Teixeira et al., the greater number of endemic species of this order for 2017). Among the species recognized for this order, the each individual basin that would explain the apparent occurrence of Centropomus undecimalis (known as "rodominance of Siluriformes when these numbers are put balo-flexa" or "camorim") must be highlighted due to its together. commercial importance such as it is noticed for most sea The three most abundant freshwater species, bass species in the artisanal, industrial and recreational Hemigrammus unilineatus, Astyanax bimaculatus fisheries (Fujimoto et al., 2009). This species occurs from (Characidae), and Poecilia vivipara (Poeciliidae), are North Carolina (U.S.A.) to Uruguay, including Gulf of small-sized autochthonous species. The first two species Mexico and Caribbean Sea (Fricke et al., 2019). belong to the group commonly known as "piabas" (in Atherinella brasiliensis and Mugil curema, popularly Portuguese), which do not provide any commercial inter- known as "sauna" and "tainha" respectively, are the most est to most of the local population. Local fishermen often abundant marine-estuarine species that also exhibit employ these species as bait for capturing larger species. schooling behavior, which explains the large number of The abundance of "piabas" is due to schooling behavior, specimens collected. The former species is considered which facilitates the collection of specimens in the field generalized, opportunistic omnivorous feeders in estuar-

Figure 1 in Continental fishes from the Tambaba Environmentally Protected Area, Paraíba State, Brazil

Figure 1. Map of Tambaba environmentally protected area (green area) in Paraíba State, Brazil, displaying the sampling sites (red dots) in Graú, Mucatú and Bucatú River basins, Caboclo River sub-basin and Gurugi River basin.

Figure 2 in Continental fishes from the Tambaba Environmentally Protected Area, Paraíba State, Brazil

Figure 2. Species fromTambaba APA hydrographic basins: (a) Atherinella brasiliensis, 98.2 mm SL; (b) Omobranchus punctatus, 39.4 mm SL; (c) Astyanax aff. bimaculatus, 42.1 mm SL; (d) Hemigrammus unilineatus, 29.5 mm SL; (e) Compsura heterura, 27.7 mm SL; (f) Cheirodon jaguaribensis, 32.3 mm SL; (g) Erythrinus erythrinus, 91.6 mm SL; (h) Hoplias aff. malabaricus, 59.3 mm SL; (i) Metynnis lippincottianus, 51.7 mm SL; (j) Crenicichla brasiliensis, 35.3 mm SL; (k) Cichlasoma orientale, 60.6 mm SL; (l) Cichla monoculus, 55.6 mm SL; (m) Geophagus brasiliensis, 54.8 mm SL; (n) Lycengraulis grossidens, 60.3 mm SL.

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Figure 1 in Odonata (Insecta) community in the Environmental Protection Area of the Machado River hydrographic basin, southern Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Figure 1. Location maps of the Environmental Protection Area of the Machado River hydrographic basin and sampling points. Source: Jean Victor Nery da Silva.

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Figure 3 in Odonata (Insecta) community in the Environmental Protection Area of the Machado River hydrographic basin, southern Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Figure 3. Odonata species sampled in the Environmental Protection Area of the Machado River hydrographic basin: (A) Erythrodiplax media Borror, 1942; (B) Erythrodiplax paraguayensis (Förster, 1905); (C) Tholymis citrina Hagen, 1867; (D) Miathyria marcella (Selys in Sagra, 1857); (E) Hetaerina longipes Hagen in Selys, 1853; (F) Homeoura lindneri (Ris, 1928); (G) Telebasis willinki Fraser, 1948; and (H) Argia mollis Hagen in Selys, 1865.

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Figure 2 in Odonata (Insecta) community in the Environmental Protection Area of the Machado River hydrographic basin, southern Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Figure 2. (A) Semideciduous and (B) riparian forests associated with (C) lotic and (D) lentic environments in the Environmental Protection Area of the Machado River hydrographic basin, southern Minas Gerais State.

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Fijian sea krait behavior relates to fine‐scale environmental heterogeneity in old‐growth coastal forest: The importance of integrated land–sea management for protecting amphibious animals

Here the data for "Fijian sea krait behaviour relates to fine-scale environmental heterogeneity in old growth forest: the importance of integrated land-sea management for protecting amphibious animals" by Lowe, C., Keppel, G., Waqa, K., Peters, S., Fisher, R.N., Scanlon, A., Osborne-Naikatini, T, and Thomas-Moko, N is provided. This article investigates the habitat of Yellow Lipped Sea Kraits, Laticauda colubrina, in the terrestrial realm on Leluvia Island, a small, topographically flat atoll in Fiji with coastal forest. The investigation uses concurrent microclimate measurements and behaviour surveys, as well as vegetation surveys, and the data collected for these analyses are provided here. Microclimates were significantly related to canopy cover, leaf litter depth, and distance from the high-water mark (HWM). Sea kraits were almost exclusively observed in coastal forest within 30 m of the HWM. Sloughing of skins only occurred within crevices of mature or dying trees. Resting L. colubrina were significantly more likely to occur at locations with higher mean diurnal temperatures, lower leaf litter depths, and shorter distances from the HWM. On Leleuvia, behaviour of L. colubrina therefore relates to environmental heterogeneity created by old-growth coastal forests, particularly canopy cover and crevices in mature and dead tree trunks. The importance of healthy coastal habitats, both terrestrial and marine, for L. colubrina suggests it could be a good flagship species for advocating integrated land-sea management. Furthermore, our study highlights the importance of coastal forests and topographically flat atolls for biodiversity conservation. Effective conservation management of amphibious species that utilise land- and seascapes is therefore likely to require a holistic approach that incorporates connectivity among ecosystems and environmental heterogeneity at all relevant scales.

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Fijian sea krait behavior relates to fine‐scale environmental heterogeneity in old‐growth coastal forest: The importance of integrated land–sea management for protecting amphibious animals

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Marine Protection and Environmental Forcing Influence Fish-Derived Nutrient Cycling in Kelp Forests

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RES URBIS analysis of national and internal regulations on Environmental Protection

This dataset, cured by RES URBIS Ethical Advisory Board, is an outcome of activities held in WP8 about Ethics issues and namely is a description of rules followed and actions undertaken by each Partner during their experimental activity, in order to ensure Environmental Protection. For this purpose, all relevant  information has been gathered by asking all Partners to fill in a  summary table with specification of national rules applying for each Party and of internal rules, if any, hence divided per Country and per partner. (Data Updated in December 2019)

FIGURES 5–9 in A new species of Gomphoides Selys, 1854 (Odonata: Gomphidae) from the Environmental Protection Area of the Uberaba River, Brazil

FIGURES 5–9. Gomphoides davi Datto-Liberato & Guillermo-Ferreira, sp. nov. Coloration pattern of thorax in dorsal view (5); Fw and Hw (6); vesica spermalis in ventral and lateral views (7); hamuli in lateral view (8); male appendages in lateral and dorsal views (9).

FIGURE 4 in A new species of Gomphoides Selys, 1854 (Odonata: Gomphidae) from the Environmental Protection Area of the Uberaba River, Brazil

FIGURE 4. Gomphoides davi Datto-Liberato & Guillermo-Ferreira, sp. nov. Male habitus. Bar = 20mm.

FIGURES 1–3 in A new species of Gomphoides Selys, 1854 (Odonata: Gomphidae) from the Environmental Protection Area of the Uberaba River, Brazil

FIGURES 1–3. Limo stream (1) and clearing (2) in the valley where Gomphoides davi sp. nov. was collected, located at the Environmental Protection Area of the Uberaba River in Brazil (3).

FIGURE 17 in A new species of Gomphoides Selys, 1854 (Odonata: Gomphidae) from the Environmental Protection Area of the Uberaba River, Brazil

FIGURE 17. Distribution of the hitherto known species of Gomphoides in South America, based on minimal convex polygons using sites of occurrence.

FIGURE 10–16 in A new species of Gomphoides Selys, 1854 (Odonata: Gomphidae) from the Environmental Protection Area of the Uberaba River, Brazil

FIGURE 10–16. Gomphoides infumata, male from REGUA, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (10), cerci and epiproct in lateral view (11) (© Tom Kompier); G. perdita, male from Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil (12), cerci and epiproct in lateral view (13) (© Diogo Vilela); G. praevia, male holotype, habitus in dorsal view (14), cerci and epiproct in lateral (15) and dorsal (16) views (© NHMW NoaS Image Collection / Harald Bruckner).

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Environmental Justice, Marine Protected Areas, & Ocean Access in California -- Ocean_Justice

Coastal California is home to a network of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) that aim to safeguard the state's marine resources and ecosystems. Little is known about who is served and not served by California's MPAs, with large gaps in environmental justice implications. Our study aimed to investigate access to MPAs across communities in California using multiple lines of evidence, with a focus on subsistence fishers (pier fishers and others who do not sell their catch) who are often indirectly marginalized by MPAs. To address this, we 1) conducted a literature review on equity and environmental justice (EEJ) in California's ocean management policies, 2) compared time traveled to MPAs for zip codes of different demographics, 3) conducted a literature review on subsistence fishing in California, and 4) compared demographics of subsistence fishers with intensity of ocean-based pollution linked to fished species. Our EEJ literature review highlighted a gap in policies addressing equitable ocean access. Our spatial analysis revealed disparities in coastal access by age, race, and income. Our subsistence fishing literature review highlighted that little is known about California's current subsistence fishing, though biophysical aspects are better studied than socioeconomic aspects. Our analysis of pollution and subsistence fishing suggested that many subsistence fishers from disadvantaged communities are fishing in areas with high pollution. State and federal agencies can utilize our results to develop effective future management strategies for equitable access to California's MPAs that take disadvantaged communities into account, especially subsistence fishers, to increase their representation in the decision-making process.