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295 results for “ethnicity”
A Trial Comparing Prograf and Neoral Use in Kidney Transplant Recipients of Hispanic Ethnicity
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00983645. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
Comparison of 1,550-nm Laser and Fractional Radiofrequency Microneedle for the Treatment of Acne Scars in Ethnic Skin
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03380845. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 10.
Data from: Detecting past and ongoing natural selection among ethnically Tibetan women at high altitude in Nepal
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Data from: Ethnically Tibetan women in Nepal with low hemoglobin concentration have better reproductive outcomes
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A multi-ethnic epigenome-wide association study of leukocyte DNA methylation and blood lipids
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Do Ethnicity and Sex of Employers Affect Applicants' Job Interest? An Experimental Exploration
<p>Data and do-file supporting the results presented in the manuscript "Do Ethnicity and Sex of Employers Affect Applicants’ Job Interest? An Experimental Exploration."</p>
Efficacy and safety of semaglutide for type 2 diabetes by race and ethnicity: a post hoc analysis of the SUSTAIN trials
<p class="CxSpFirst"><b>Context:</b> Variations in the prevalence and aetiology of type 2 diabetes (T2D) across race and ethnicity may affect treatment responses. Semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog approved for once–weekly, subcutaneous (s.c.) treatment of T2D.</p> <p class="CxSpFirst"><b>Objective:</b> To compare semaglutide efficacy and safety in race and ethnicity subgroups across the SUSTAIN trials.</p> <p class="CxSpMiddle"><b>Design:</b> <i>Post hoc </i>analysis of data from phase 3 randomized SUSTAIN 1–5 and 7 (pooled) and SUSTAIN 6 trials.</p> <p class="CxSpMiddle"><b>Participants:</b> 3,074 subjects (SUSTAIN 1–5 and 7); 1,648 subjects (SUSTAIN 6).</p> <p class="CxSpMiddle"><b>Interventions:</b> Semaglutide 0.5 or 1.0 mg, placebo or active comparator (sitagliptin 100 mg, exenatide extended release 2.0 mg, insulin glargine 100IU/ml and dulaglutide 0.75 or 1.5 mg).</p> <p class="CxSpFirst"><b>Main Outcome Measures:</b> Change in HbA<sub>1c</sub> and body weight from baseline to week 30/40/104, other efficacy and safety endpoints.</p> <p class="CxSpMiddle"><b>Results:</b> HbA<sub>1c</sub> was reduced from baseline by 1.0–1.5%-points and 1.3–2.0%-points, and body weight by 2.3–4.7 kg and 3.6–6.1 kg with semaglutide 0.5 and 1.0 mg, respectively, across race and ethnicity subgroups. Minor changes in blood pressure and lipid profiles were observed. Adverse events (AEs) were reported in similar proportions of subjects across trials. More Asian vs other race subgroups discontinued treatment prematurely due to AEs. The most commonly reported AEs were gastrointestinal disorders.</p> <p class="CxSpMiddle"><b>Conclusion(s):</b> In this SUSTAIN trials <i>post hoc</i> analysis, semaglutide was associated with consistent and clinically relevant reductions in HbA<sub>1c</sub> and body weight in subjects with T2D, with minor variations in efficacy and safety outcomes associated with race or ethnicity.</p>
Data from: Vitamin D receptor gene expression and function in a South African population: ethnicity, vitamin D and FokI
Polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) have been associated inconsistently with various diseases, across populations of diverse origin. The T(f) allele of the functional SNP FokI, in exon 2 of VDR, results in a longer vitamin D receptor protein (VDR) isoform, proposed to be less active. Genetic association of VDR with disease is likely confounded by ethnicity and environmental factors such as plasma 25(OH)D3 status. We hypothesized that VDR expression, VDR level and transactivation of target genes, CAMP and CYP24A1, depend on vitamin D, ethnicity and FokI genotype. Healthy volunteers participated in the study (African, n = 40 and White, n = 20). Plasma 25(OH)D3 levels were quantified by LC-MS and monocytes cultured, with or without 1,25(OH)2D3. Gene expression and protein level was quantified using qRT-PCR and flow cytometry, respectively. Mean plasma 25(OH)D3 status was normal and not significantly different between ethnicities. Neither 25(OH)D3 status nor 1,25(OH)2D3 supplementation significantly influenced expression or level of VDR. Africans had significantly higher mean VDR protein levels (P<0.050), nonetheless transactivated less CAMP expression than Whites. Genotyping the FokI polymorphism by pyrosequencing together with HapMap data, showed a significantly higher (P<0.050) frequency of the CC genotype in Africans than in Whites. FokI genotype, however, did not influence VDR expression or VDR level, but influenced overall transactivation of CAMP and 1,25(OH)2D3-elicited CYP24A1 induction; the latter, interacting with ethnicity. In conclusion, differential VDR expression relates to ethnicity, rather than 25(OH)D3 status and FokI genotype. Instead, VDR transactivation of CAMP is influenced by FokI genotype and, together with ethnicity, influence 1,25(OH)2D3-elicited CYP24A1 expression. Thus, the expression and role of VDR to transactivate target genes is determined not only by genetics, but also by ethnicity and environment involving complex interactions which may confound disease association.
Immigration status, ethnicity, and outcomes following ischemic stroke
<p>Objective: To assess the association between immigration status and ethnicity and the outcomes of mortality and vascular event recurrence following ischemic stroke in Ontario, Canada.</p> <p>Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using linked administrative and clinical registry-based data from 2002 to 2018 and compared hazards of all-cause mortality and vascular event recurrence in immigrants and long-term residents using inverse probability of treatment weighting accounting for age, sex, income and comorbidities. We stratified analyses by age (≤ 75 and > 75 years) and used interaction terms to evaluate if the association between immigration status and outcomes varied with age or ethnicity.</p> <p>Results: We followed 31,918 adult patients, of whom 2740 (8.6%) were immigrants, for a median follow-up of 5 years. Immigrants had a lower mortality than long-term residents (46.1% vs. 64.5%) which was attenuated after adjustment (hazard ratio 0.94; 95% confidence interval 0.88-1.00), but persisted in those aged under 75 years (HR 0.82; 0.74-0.91). Compared to their respective ethnic long-term resident counterparts, the adjusted hazard of death was higher in South Asian immigrants, similar in Chinese immigrants, and lower in other immigrants (P value for interaction = 0.003). The adjusted hazard of vascular event recurrence (HR 1.01; 0.92-1.11) was similar in immigrants and long-term residents, and this observation persisted across all age and ethnic groups.</p> <p>Conclusions: Long-term mortality following ischemic stroke is lower in immigrants and long-term residents, but is similar after adjustment of baseline characteristics, and it is modified by age at the time of stroke and by ethnicity.</p>
Corneal endothelial morphology of healthy myopic Malaysian children of Chinese ethnicity aged 8-9 years and its association with axial length
<p>Clinical Relevance: This study is to further understand the effects of axial length elongation on the corneal endothelial cell's morphology in myopic children. Abnormal changes in the morphology of cornea endothelium are indicators of corneal stress or instability which could be linked to myopia. </p> <p>Background: To examine the morphology of corneal endothelium cells in healthy Chinese Malaysian school children with emmetropia and mild to moderate myopia and its association with axial length. </p> <p>Methodology: A total of 111 school children comprising of 37 emmetropes, 37 mild myopes and 37 moderate myopes aged 8-9 years old were recruited. Visual Acuity was measured using the LogMar chart, cycloplegic refraction was determined using an open-field autorefractor (Grand Seiko WAM-5100, Hiroshima, Japan) and refined using subjective refraction. Morphology of cornea endothelial cells [ECD- endothelial cells density, COV- coefficient of variation, HEX- Hexagonility and CCT-central corneal thickness] was evaluated using a non-contact specular miscroscope (Topcon SP-2000P). Axial length was measured with A-Scan ultrasound biometry (PacScan Plus, Sonomed Escalon, NY). The correlation between morphology of cornea endothelial cells and axial length were assessed using Pearson Correlation and Linear Regression Analysis. </p> <p>Results: There was no significant difference in cornea endothelial cells and axial length between gender (p>0.05). Significant reduction in ECD and HEX and increased COV was found in eyes of higher myopic power which had longer AL when compared to emmetropes (p<0.001). Except for CCT, all corneal endothelial cells parameters correlated significantly with axial length (p<0.05). For every 1mm increase in axial length, endothelial cells density decreased by 73.27 cells/mm<sup>2</sup>, hexagonality decreased by 2.32% and coefficient of variation increased by 1.75%. </p> <p>Conclusion: There were significant changes in morphology of cornea endothelial cells in young moderate myopic children of Chinese ethnicity at 8-9 years of age. This result provides normative data for Malaysian children of Chinese ethnicity that can be used for comparison and reference for clinical procedures, thereby facilitating decision making with respect to interventions for myopia control, especially in prescribing contact lens for children. </p>
Race and Ethnic Relations
I applied bits of text mining, natural langauge processing, and data science to a pair of annual editions of Race and Ethnic Relations, and below is a summary of what I learned.
Ethnic discrimination among public authorities: Field experimental data
<p>Data from a field experiment conducted to detect ethnic discrimination among public authorities in Sweden.</p>
Data from: Ethnicity- and sex-based discrimination and the maintenance of self-esteem
The psychological underpinnings of labor market discrimination were investigated by having participants from Israel, the West Bank and Germany (N = 205) act as employers in a stylized employment task in which they ranked, set wages, and imposed a minimum effort level on applicants. State self-esteem was measured before and after the employment task, in which applicant ethnicity and sex were salient. The applicants were real people and all behavior was monetarily incentivized. Supporting the full self-esteem hypothesis of the social identity approach, low self-esteem in women was associated with assigning higher wages to women than to men, and such behavior was related to the maintenance of self-esteem. The narrower hypothesis that successful intergroup discrimination serves to protect self-esteem received broader support. Across all participants, both ethnicity- and sex-based discrimination of out-groups were associated with the maintenance of self-esteem, with the former showing a stronger association than the latter.
SSHOC Training Material Video 4 - Contributing metadata to the Ethnic and Migrant Minorities' (EMM) Survey Registry as a professional polling/survey company - training video in English, French and Spanish
<p>Contributing metadata to the Ethnic and Migrant Minorities' (EMM) Survey Registry as a professional polling/survey company</p> <p>A training video targeting professional polling/survey companies to entice them to document their surveys on the EMM Survey Registry</p> <p><strong>Target Audience for the video: </strong>Professional polling/survey companies producing quantitative surveys on ethnic and migrant minorities’ integration and/or inclusion</p>
Mineral resources and the salience of ethnic identities
<p>This paper shows how ethnic identities may become more salient due to natural resources extraction. We combine individual data on the strength of ethnic – relative to national – identities with geo-localized information on the contours of ethnic homelands and on the timing and location of mineral resources exploitation in 25 African countries, from 2005 to 2015. Our strategy takes advantage of several dimensions of exposure to resources exploitation: time, spatial proximity, and ethnic proximity. We find that the strength of an ethnic group identity increases when mineral resource exploitation in that group’s historical homeland intensifies. We argue that<br> this result is at least partly rooted in feelings of relative deprivation associated with the exploitation of the resources. We show that such exploitation has limited positive economic spillovers, especially for members of the indigenous ethnic group; and that the link between mineral resources and the salience of ethnic identities is reinforced among members of powerless ethnic groups, and<br> groups with strong baseline identity feelings or living in poorer areas, or areas with a history of conflict. Put together, these finding suggest a new dimension of the natural resource curse: the fragmentation of identities, between ethnic groups and nations.</p>
Replication package for the article "Who chooses fast-track programs in mathematics? The role of class origin, ethnicity, and gender among Norwegian lower-secondary students", submitted to European Societies.
<p>This file contains a replication package for the article "Who chooses fast-track programs in mathematics? The role of class origin, ethnicity, and gender among Norwegian lower-secondary students", submitted to European Societies</p> <p>****************************************************************************************************************************************<br> The analyses in this article are of secondary data from Norwegian state registers. We analyzed the data with concession from The Norwegian Data Protection Authority, and under the auspices of a confidentiality agreement with Statistics Norway. All direct identifiers were stripped from the file prior to analysis. Data were handled in such a way as to protect individual’s privacy and confidentiality. This included storing these data on a secure Research Computing server and requiring each researcher working with the data to sign a confidentiality affidavit. Other parties may not access the data because it would violate the concession given by The Norwegian Data Protection Authority, and the confidentiality agreement with Statistics Norway. This prevents us from uploading the data to a public repository. <br> Researchers may apply to get access to such data, and the procedure one needs to follow is described at Statistics Norway’s webpage: <br> https://www.ssb.no/en/data-til-forskning/utlan-av-data-til-forskere<br> </p>
FIGURE 2 in Two new neotropical species of the ectomycorrhizal gasteroid genus Calostoma (Sclerodermatineae, Boletales) used as a food source by the Ayuuk jä'äy ethnic group from Southern Mexico
FIGURE 2. Calostoma naaxtututs (a–b) and C. tooteic (c–f). a. Gasterocarp appearance (Holotype), showing color variation (in the top right corner). b) Scanning electronic microphotography showing the ornamentation pattern of spores; c–d) Gasterocarp appearance (Holotype), showing colour variation in (e). f. Scanning electronic microphotography showing the ornamentation pattern of spores; (g) Gathering of Calostoma ethnotaxa by Ayuuk jä´äy women.
FIGURE 1 in Two new neotropical species of the ectomycorrhizal gasteroid genus Calostoma (Sclerodermatineae, Boletales) used as a food source by the Ayuuk jä'äy ethnic group from Southern Mexico
FIGURE 1. Phylogram of Bayesian inference (BI) tree from the ITS sequence data of 56 specimens. Gyroporus castaneus was used as the outgroup. The values above branches represent Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP, left) and bootstrap values (LP, right) for maximum likelihood, respectively. The scale bar represents the expected number of nucleotide substitutions per site. Sequences obtained from this study are in bold.
Cardio-metabolic Diseases in Immigrants and Ethnic Minorities: From Epidemiology to New Prevention Strategies
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06131411. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Molecular Epidemiology of Lung Adenocarcinoma in Multi-ethnic Asian Phenotype
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01774526. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 14.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.