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116 results for “functional assemblages”
Functional diversity of the avian assemblages better than taxonomic diversity in capturing the effect of protection
<p class="normal">Protected areas (PAs) are the cornerstones of conservation and have been shown to support higher density of conservation-dependent species. The success of PAs has been attributed to their ability to mitigate both forest loss and forest degradation. Effectiveness of PAs is conventionally measured in terms of species diversity; evidence for the consequences of protection on the functional diversity of species assemblages is scarce. We utilized the Kerala Bird Atlas data to quantify alpha diversity, beta diversity, and functional diversity from 300 sites within protected and non-protected forests along the Western Ghats. Of the total forest cover in Kerala, about one-fourth is under protection, the rest constitute reserve forest (RF). We tested if various metrics of biodiversity differ across PAs and adjacent RFs and which metric better captures this difference. Results show that the effectiveness of protection varies across guilds and does not seem to impact overall species richness. PAs are effective at the level of assemblage composition, and support higher abundance of species of conservation-concern. Species diversity did not vary with the protection status. Functional richness was high in PA while functional dispersion was high in RF. The effect of protection was more prominently visible in terms of functional diversity than species diversity. Such empirical data may broaden our understanding of the PAs and assist in monitoring efforts.</p>
Greater functional similarity in mobile compared to sessile assemblages colonizing artificial coastal habitats
<p><span>Among anthropogenic habitats built in the marine environment, floating and non-floating structures can be colonized by distinct assemblages. However, there is little knowledge whether these differences are also reflected in the functional structure. This study compared the functional diversity of sessile and mobile invertebrate assemblages that settle over 3 months on floating vs. non-floating artificial habitats, in two Chilean ports. Using morphological, trophic, behavioral, and life history traits, we found differences between mobile and sessile assemblages regarding the effect of the type of habitat on the functional diversity. Compared to sessile assemblages, a greater functional similarity was observed for mobile assemblages, which suggests that their dispersal capacity enables them to balance the reduced connectivity between settlement structures. No traits, prevailing or selected in one or the other habitat type, were however clearly identified; a result warranting further studies focusing on more advanced stages of community</span><span> development.</span></p>
Phytoplankton assemblage shifts with dissolved organic matter properties: a functional perspective for sentinel lakes
<p>1. Climate change is altering both dissolved organic matter (DOM) properties and phytoplankton dynamics in lakes. High-altitude lakes are good sentinels of global change. However, their value as sentinels depends on how well we understand their functioning. This study analyzed physical, chemical, and biological data during three pre-defined periods running from complete ice-cover right to the end of the ice-free season, in a high-altitude oligotrophic lake. A functional approach was used to assess how relationships between DOM and the planktonic community vary over time.</p> <p>2. Phytoplankton functional change was found to occur with shifts in dissolved organic matter. During the ice-influenced period, from February to the end of the thaw, the phytoplankton community was dominated by small autotrophs and mixotrophic flagellates and DOM from sediment and terrestrial origin dominated the DOM pool of the lake. Phytoplankton diversity and richness increased during the post-snowmelt overturn period, when terrestrial DOM dominated the DOM pool. Finally, large siliceous autotrophs, competitive under low nitrogen concentrations and high temperature, dominated almost exclusively during the late summer period. Increased phytoplankton biomass meant that phytoplankton-derived DOM was dominant during the late summer period.</p> <p>3. These phenological changes in the phytoplankton community resulted in functional shifts at the base of the food web. Based on the relationships between the variables in the study, it can be deduced that the nature of the relationship between phytoplankton and bacteria progressively shifted from strong top-down control exerted by phytoplankton over bacteria toward predominantly bottom-up control at the end of the ice-free season.</p> <p>4. Synthesis. Using a field survey starting from complete ice-cover and lasting right to the end of the ice-free season in a sentinel lake, we show seasonal shifts in the link between dissolved organic matter properties and plankton community traits. Differences in environmental conditions and DOM origin explained variation in phytoplankton community structure and function, pointing to seasonal shifts in microbial food web interactions. Our research suggests that, under climate change, the balance between mixotrophy and autotrophy and the control exerted by phytoplankton over bacterioplankton will change in oligotrophic high-altitude lakes with large, vegetated catchments. </p>
Spatial and functional structure of an entire ant assemblage in a lowland Panamanian rainforest
<p>Ants are a major ecological group in tropical rainforests. Few studies in the Neotropics have documented the distribution of ants from the ground to the canopy, and none have included the understorey. A previous analysis of an intensive arthropod study in Panama, involving 11 sampling methods, showed that the factors influencing ant beta diversity (i.e., changes in assemblage composition) were, in decreasing order of importance, the vertical (height), temporal (season), and horizontal (geographic distance) dimensions. In the present study, we went one step further and aimed (1) to identify the best sampling methods to study the entire ant assemblage across the three strata, (2) to test if all strata show a similar horizontal beta diversity and (3) to analyze the functional structure of the entire ant assemblage. We identified 405 ant species from 11 subfamilies and 68 genera. Slightly more species were sampled in the canopy than on the ground; they belonged to distinct sub-assemblages. The understorey fauna was mainly a mixture of species found in the other two strata. The horizontal beta diversity between sites was similar for the three strata. About half of the ant species foraged in two (29%) or three (25%) strata. A single method, aerial flight interception traps placed alongside tree trunks, acting as arboreal pitfall traps, collected half of the species and reflected the vertical stratification. Using the functional traits approach, we observed that generalist species with mid-sized colonies were by far the most numerous (31%), followed by ground- or litter-dwelling species, either specialists (20%), or generalists (16%), and arboreal species, either generalists (19%) or territorially dominant (8%), and finally army ants (5%). Our results reinforce the idea that a proper understanding of the functioning of ant assemblages requires the inclusion of arboreal ants in survey programs.</p>
Habitat simplification affects functional group structure along with taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of temperate-zone ant assemblages over a ten-year period
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Data from: Functional richness shows spatial scale dependency in Pheidole ant assemblages from Neotropical savannas
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Functional diversity of the avian assemblages better than taxonomic diversity in capturing the effect of protection
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Including intraspecific trait variability to avoid distortion of functional diversity and ecological inference: lessons from natural assemblages
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Greater functional similarity in mobile compared to sessile assemblages colonizing artificial coastal habitats
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Functional niche constraints on carnivore assemblages (mammalia: carnivora) in the Americas: What facilitates coexistence through space and time?
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Reintroduced grazers and prescribed fire effects on beetle assemblage structure and function in restored grasslands
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Taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of anuran assemblages across habitats and seasons in a Neotropical savanna
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Spatial mismatch and congruence in the taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversities of fish assemblages in China’s water diversion lakes
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Precipitation, tree biomass, and the diversity and functional composition of tropical rainforest cricket assemblages
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Phytoplankton assemblage shifts with dissolved organic matter properties: a functional perspective for sentinel lakes
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Data from: Composition and functional diversity of juvenile groundfish assemblages in the California current
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Data from: Unraveling the taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity of lizard assemblages in riparian forest areas in the Amazon–Pantanal ecotone
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Functional and genetic diversity changes through time in a cloud forest ant assemblage
<p>Climate change in the Neotropics is causing upslope range shifts. We used arrays of ant species collected in a cloud forest at 1,500 m in Área de Conservación Guanacaste (ACG), northwestern Costa Rica, collected in two time periods (1998-2000 and 2008-2011) to measure changes in species richness and diversity over a decade. Using metrics of community structure, we found that the species assemblage in the collections from the 1990s were significantly phylogenetically clustered and functionally less diverse as compared to collections from the early 2000's. At both time points, the assemblages were significantly phylogenetically clustered and while the difference in functional diversity between the time points was not significant, the ant assemblage has become lighter in color (on average) over time. When individual species are considered the overall pattern of replacement is consistent with the cloud forest ant assemblage being colonized by arrivals from lower-elevation forests. The invertebrate communities on cloud forested mountain tops are especially vulnerable to a changing climate as there are two factors working together; no higher terrain to which they can move and the invasion of more and more taxa from lower downslope. This vulnerability is already measurable.</p>
Data supporting the manuscript "Initial assemblage characteristics determine the functional dynamics of flower-strip plant communities"
<p>Original data recorded by the authors.</p>
Environmental DNA metabarcoding of cow dung reveals taxonomic and functional diversity of invertebrate assemblages
<p>Insects and other terrestrial invertebrates are declining in species richness and abundance. This includes the invertebrates associated with herbivore dung, which have been negatively affected by grazing abandonment and the progressive loss of large herbivores since the Late Pleistocene. Importantly, traditional monitoring of these invertebrates is time-consuming and requires considerable taxonomic expertise, which is becoming increasingly scarce. In this study, we investigated the potential of environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding of cow dung samples for biomonitoring of dung-associated invertebrates. From eight cow pats we recovered eDNA from 12 orders, 29 families, and at least 54 species of invertebrates (mostly insects), representing several functional groups. Furthermore, species compositions differed between the three sampled habitats of dry grassland, meadow, and forest. These differences were in accordance with the species' ecology; for instance, several species known to be associated with humid conditions or lower temperatures were found only in the forest habitat. We discuss potential caveats of the method, as well as directions for future study and perspectives for implementation in research and monitoring.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.