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155 results for “great lakes”

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dryad36/100

Data for: Evaluating Golden-winged Warbler use of alder and aspen communities managed with shearing in the western Great Lakes

Best management practices are often written by researchers to guide land managers and landowners in the creation of habitat for wildlife species of interest. These documents are based on research evaluating the habitat needs of a species, but also describe tools and strategies managers can implement to create or restore desired conditions. Shrub and sapling shearing is a management practice often used to improve habitat for early-successional species, yet little monitoring or research has focused on wildlife response to shearing. The goal of this research was to formally evaluate the effect of shrub and sapling shearing as a best management strategy for Golden-winged Warbler (Vermivora chrysoptera) conservation at a regional scale. Specifically, we surveyed for male Golden-winged Warblers during the breeding season in sheared sites and untreated reference sites across portions of the western Great Lakes to assess the effects of 1) management status (i.e., sheared aspen or alder vs un-treated sites), and 2) the patch-level vegetation characteristics on male abundance. We found that male Golden-winged Warbler abundance was twice as high in sheared sites than in mature reference sites and peaked when sapling cover was ~40%. Male abundance was also negatively associated with percent cover of forbs and non-vegetated ground. These findings highlight the importance of patch-level heterogeneity when implementing shearing treatments for Golden-winged Warblers, and demonstrate the potential need for pre-treatment site assessments to help focus conservation efforts for this species. Ultimately, our results support the use of a site-specific, nuanced approach to shearing implementation to maximize cost efficiency and desired species outcomes.

opencc-zeroNov 2022View details →

dryad36/100

Phylogeography and genetic variation in Western Jacob's ladder (Polemonium occidentale) provide insights into the origin and conservation of rare species in the Great Lakes region

The perennial herb Western Jacob's Ladder (Polemonium occidentale, Polemoniaceae) is widespread in the mountains of western North America but reappears as a disjunct in the Great Lakes Region in Minnesota and Wisconsin, USA as the narrow endemic P. occidentale subsp. lacustre. This distribution is shown by a diverse assemblage of angiosperms. It has been hypothesized that these species became isolated just after the Last Glacial Maximum, but this has not been tested. Additionally, the genetic diversity and population connectivity of the endemic Great Lakes flora has been understudied, with important conservation implications. Using Genotyping-by-sequencing, we examined the relationship of P. occidentale subsp. lacustre to its closest relatives, relationships among all known populations, and genetic diversity within these populations. Polemonium occidentale subsp. lacustre represents an isolated, unique lineage that diverged from its closest relatives 1.3 ma and arrived in the Great Lakes Region by at least 38 ka. Nearly all extant populations diverged prior to the Last Glacial Maximum, are largely genetically distinct, and show relatively little within-population genetic diversity. Clonality may mitigate reduction in diversity due to drift. Mixed population signal between Wisconsin and some Minnesota populations may be due to gene flow during the Late Pleistocene. While populations of Polemonium occidentale subsp. lacustre may be relictual from a now-extinct western relative, it is best treated as a distinct species. Conservation efforts should focus more on ensuring that current populations remain rather than maintaining large population sizes across a few populations. However, encouraging habitat heterogeneity may accomplish both simultaneously.

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

zenodo36/100

Reconstructing 42 Years (1979–2020) of Great Lakes Surface Temperature through a Deep Learning Approach

Daily gridded lake surface temperature (LST) data (1979-2020) for each Great Lake - Superior (GLS), Michigan (GLM), Huron (GLH), Erie (GLE) and Ontario (GLO) - derived from LSTM detailed in Kayastha et al. (2023) paper: "Reconstructing 42 Years (1979–2020) of Great Lakes Surface Temperature through a Deep Learning Approach". Each matfile contains longitude (lon), latitude (lat), as well as the LST for each grid point. The files also contain the variable 'art1' (Area of Node-Base Control volume) required to calculate lake-wide average LST. The depth at each location (dep) is also provided.

opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

dryad36/100

Gray wolf range in the western Great Lakes region under forecasted land use and climate change

Land use and climate alter species distributions worldwide, and detecting and understanding how species ranges shift can facilitate conservation planning and action. Following extirpation from most of the contiguous USA, gray wolves (Canis lupus) have partially recolonized former range in the western Great Lakes region, but it is unknown how land use and climate change may alter amounts of wolf habitat. Using wolf observation data collected during winters 2017–2020 in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan, we created ensemble models to predict how land use and climate change may affect the amount of wolf habitat within these states. A projection model for the western Great Lakes region suggested three of four scenarios of land use and climate change will lead to 9–35% increases in wolf habitat, while a solely climate-based projection model supported our expectation that changes in climate, in isolation, will have limited effect on current wolf range. Our results support stable or increasing amounts of wolf habitat in the western Great Lakes region during the 21st century, suggesting limited or no adverse effects on the current distribution or further recolonization of wolves. Our findings can inform policy development regarding wolf conservation, and identify areas where recolonization is plausible, thus where promoting human-wolf co-existence is most pertinent.

opencc-zeroJun 2023View details →

dryad36/100

Arctic warming drives striking 21st century ecosystem shifts in Great Slave Lake (Subarctic Canada), North America's deepest lake

Great Slave Lake, one of the world's largest and North America's deepest lake, has undergone an aquatic ecosystem transformation in response to 21st-century accelerated Arctic warming that is unparalleled in at least the past two centuries. Algal remains from a series of high-resolution palaeolimnological records retrieved from the West Basin provide baseline limnological data that we compared to historical limnological and phycological surveys undertaken on Great Slave Lake between the 1940s and 1990s. We document the rapid restructuring of algal community composition ca. 2000 CE that is consistent with recent increases in regional air temperature, as well as declines in ice cover and wind speed, that would collectively alter habitats for aquatic biota (e.g. thermal regime, vertical mixing, turbidity, light and nutrients). This new limnological regime initiated the first observation of scaled chrysophytes and favoured the rapid proliferation of small planktonic cyclotelloid diatoms that replaced the long-established dominance of large filamentous Aulacoseira islandica in West Basin sedimentary assemblages. Such rapid transformations in the primary producers of this socio-ecologically valuable "northern Great Lake" may have widespread implications for the entire food web with unknown consequences for aquatic ecosystem functioning and fisheries, which many northern and Indigenous communities depend upon.

opencc-zeroSep 2023View details →

dryad36/100