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374 results for “health systems”
Synergism between production and soil health through crop diversification, organic amendments and crop protection in wheat-based systems
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Data from: Cost-effectiveness of leveraging existing HIV primary health systems and community health workers for hypertension screening and treatment in Africa: An individual-based modelling study
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Tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS-attributed mortalities and associated sociodemographic factors in Papua New Guinea: Evidence from the comprehensive health and epidemiological surveillance system
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Feasibility of a contraceptive-specific electronic health record system to promote the adoption of pharmacist-prescribed contraceptive services in community pharmacies in the United States
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Data from: Impacts of rotation, tillage, cover cropping, and drainage on soil health in soybean-based cropping systems: Evidence from 4–50-year trials across the US
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Nonylphenol in soil-celery system simulating long-term reclaimed water irrigation: occurrence, migration, and health risk assessment
<p>The data uploaded were the biomass of celery tissues and the concentraion of nonylphenol in soil and celery tissues after harvest.</p>
Qualitative data on: Sustainability drivers and inhibitors for the health system performance improvement projects in selected health facilities in Kenya
<p class="Normal2"><b>Objectives</b> to investigate the health managers perceived sustainability status of the health facilities institutional improvement projects and their experiences on factors that facilitated or constrained their maintenance, with intentions of informing relevant strategies or policies in Kenya's health sector.</p> <p><span><b>Methods </b>A<b> </b>qualitative study, nested within a quasi-experimental study. Thirty-three project-teams of health managers were purposively selected and interviewed based on their project implementation success rates post-training. The managers had previously undergone a 9-month leadership training, complimented with facility-based team coaching around the chosen projects. The training was funded by the USAID; however, the implementation of the projects was based on how the participants could innovatively utilize the existing resource to create a positive change. The projects were housed within 20 public, nine faith-based, and four private health facilities in 19 Counties in Kenya. The interviews explored the manager's experiences in sustaining the successfully implemented projects within the (24-60 months post-training period). We asked Managers to describe factors they perceived enabled or hindered the sustainability of the successfully implemented institutional improvement project. The digitally audio-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim. Data on barriers and enablers were thematically analyzed. </span></p> <p><span><b>Results</b> Twenty-seven out of the 33 successfully implemented projects reported sustainability within periods ranging from 24-60 months post-training. Seven themes related to drivers of sustainability emerged, namely; program design, stakeholder's buy-in, board members, communication, coaching, presence of change champion, devolution and political good-will. Four sustainability inhibitors identified were; human resources constraints, policy implementation, misalignment of projects with daily operations, devolution and political interference. </span></p> <p><b>Conclusions </b>The sustainability of institutional improvement strategies such as projects implemented post-leadership training in public and private health facilities depends on the quality of board members, communication management and institutionalization of coaching culture. These findings are pertinent for planning and implementing similar health systems strengthening intervention in low-income countries.</p> <p class="Normal2"> </p>
Novel health system strategies for tuberculin skin testing at primary care clinics: performance assessment and health economic evaluation.
<p>Datasets for journal paper.</p>
Data from: Effects of a novel fish transport system on the health of adult fall Chinook salmon
Movement past hydroelectric dams and related in-river structures has important implications for habitat connectivity and population persistence in migratory fish. A major problem is that many of these structures lack effective fish passage facilities, which can fragment spawning and rearing areas and negatively impact recruitment. While traditional fish passage facilities (e.g., ladders, trap and haul) can effectively enable fish to pass over barriers, their capital or operational costs can be significant. We evaluated the utility of a novel transport device that utilizes a flexible tube with differential internal air pressure to pass fish around in-river barriers. A total of N = 147 adult fall Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) nearing maturation were apportioned to three treatments and a control group. In two of the treatments, adult fall Chinook salmon were transported through the device via two lengths of tube (12 or 77 m) and their injury, stress, and immune system responses and reproductive function were compared to a third treatment where fish were moved by a standard trap and haul method and also to a control group. We observed no significant differences among the treatment or control groups in post-treatment adult survival, injury or stress. Indicators of immune system response and reproductive readiness were also not significantly different among the four groups. Egg survival was significantly different among the groups, with the highest survival in the eggs from females transported 77 m and lowest in the control group; the differences were highly variable within groups and not consistent with the duration of treatment or degree of handling. Taken together, the results suggest the device did not injure or alter normal physiological functioning of adult fall Chinook salmon nearing maturation and may provide an effective method for transporting such fish around in-river barriers during their spawning migration.
Data from: A Decision Support System for assessing management interventions in a Mental Health ecosystem: the case of Bizkaia (Basque Country, Spain)
Evidence-informed strategic planning is a top priority in Mental Health (MH) due to the burden associated with this group of disorders and its societal costs. However, MH systems are highly complex, and decision support tools should follow a systems thinking approach that incorporates expert knowledge. The aim of this paper is to introduce a new Decision Support System (DSS) to improve knowledge on the health ecosystem, resource allocation and management in regional MH planning. The Efficient Decision Support-Mental Health (EDeS-MH) is a DSS that integrates an operational model to assess the Relative Technical Efficiency (RTE) of small health areas, a Monte-Carlo simulation engine (that carries out the Monte-Carlo simulation technique), a fuzzy inference engine prototype and basic statistics as well as system stability and entropy indicators. The stability indicator assesses the sensitivity of the model results due to data variations (derived from structural changes). The entropy indicator assesses the inner uncertainty of the results. RTE is multidimensional, that is, it was evaluated by using 15 variable combinations called scenarios. Each scenario, designed by experts in MH planning, has its own meaning based on different types of care. Three management interventions on the MH system in Bizkaia were analysed using key performance indicators of the service availability, placement capacity in day care, health care workforce capacity, and resource utilisation data of hospital and community care. The potential impact of these interventions has been assessed at both local and system levels. The system reacts positively to the proposals by a slight increase in its efficiency and stability (and its corresponding decrease in the entropy). However, depending on the analysed scenario, RTE, stability and entropy statistics can have a positive, neutral or negative behaviour. Using this information, decision makers can design new specific interventions/policies. EDeS-MH has been tested and face-validated in a real management situation in the Bizkaia MH system.
The effects of integrated food and bioenergy cropping systems on crop yields, soil health, and biomass quality: the EU and Brazilian experience
<p><strong>Data Set</strong></p> <p>This multiyear and multi-location study provides new insights on the integration of dedicated legume crops within conventional EU (wheat-maize) and Brazilian (sugarcane) farming systems so to meet the forecasted increasing feedstock demands for the production of renewable transport biofuels without negatively affecting food production nor soil fertility. Sunn hemp demonstrated to be a suitable leguminous fiber feedstock to be grown in extended crop rotations. Integrating sunn hemp within the conventional systems in EU did not have negative effects on food yields, while feedstock availability increased up to 2.0 times. In Brazil, sugarcane stalks yield increased up to 15 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup>.</p>
Data from: Ebola cases and health system demand in Liberia
In 2014, a major epidemic of human Ebola virus disease emerged in West Africa, where human-to-human transmission has now been sustained for greater than 12 months. In the summer of 2014, there was great uncertainty about the answers to several key policy questions concerning the path to containment. What is the relative importance of nosocomial transmission compared with community-acquired infection? How much must hospital capacity increase to provide care for the anticipated patient burden? To which interventions will Ebola transmission be most responsive? What must be done to achieve containment? In recent years, epidemic models have been used to guide public health interventions. But, model-based policy relies on high quality causal understanding of transmission, including the availability of appropriate dynamic transmission models and reliable reporting about the sequence of case incidence for model fitting, which were lacking for this epidemic. To investigate the range of potential transmission scenarios, we developed a multi-type branching process model that incorporates key heterogeneities and time-varying parameters to reflect changing human behavior and deliberate interventions in Liberia. Ensembles of this model were evaluated at a set of parameters that were both epidemiologically plausible and capable of reproducing the observed trajectory. Results of this model suggested that epidemic outcome would depend on both hospital capacity and individual behavior. Simulations suggested that if hospital capacity was not increased, then transmission might outpace the rate of isolation and the ability to provide care for the ill, infectious, and dying. Similarly, the model suggested that containment would require individuals to adopt behaviors that increase the rates of case identification and isolation and secure burial of the deceased. As of mid-October, it was unclear that this epidemic would be contained even by 99% hospitalization at the planned hospital capacity. A new version of the model, updated to reflect information collected during October and November 2014, predicts a significantly more constrained set of possible futures. This model suggests that epidemic outcome still depends very heavily on individual behavior. Particularly, if future patient hospitalization rates return to background levels (estimated to be around 70%), then transmission is predicted to remain just below the critical point around Reff = 1. At the higher hospitalization rate of 85%, this model predicts near complete elimination in March to June, 2015.
Alert burden in pediatric hospitals: A cross-sectional analysis of six academic pediatric health systems using novel metrics
<p class="Pediatrics">Background: Excessive electronic health record (EHR) alerts reduce the salience of actionable alerts. Little is known about the frequency of interruptive alerts across health systems and how the choice of metric affects which users appear to have the highest alert burden.</p> <p class="Pediatrics">Objective: (1) Analyze alert burden by alert type, care setting, provider type, and individual provider across 6 pediatric health systems. (2) Compare alert burden using different metrics.</p> <p class="Pediatrics">Materials and Methods: We analyzed interruptive alert firings logged in EHR databases at 6 pediatric health systems from 2016-2019 using 4 metrics: (1) alerts per patient encounter, (2) alerts per patient-day, (3) alerts per 100 orders, and (4) alerts per unique clinician days (calendar days with at least one EHR log in the system). We assessed intra- and inter-institutional variation and how alert burden rankings differed based on the chosen metric.</p> <p class="Pediatrics">Results: Alert burden varied widely across institutions, ranging from 0.06 to 0.76 firings per encounter, 0.22 to 1.06 firings per inpatient-day, 0.98 to 17.42 per 100 orders, and 0.08 to 3.34 firings per clinician day logged in the EHR. Custom alerts accounted for the greatest burden at all 6 sites. The rank order of institutions by alert burden was similar regardless of which alert burden metric was chosen. Within institutions, the alert burden metric choice substantially affected which provider types and care settings appeared to experience the highest alert burden.</p> <p>Conclusion: Estimates of the clinical areas with highest alert burden varied substantially by institution and based on the metric used.</p>
Assessing the Immunization Information System and Electronic Health Record interface accuracy for COVID-19 vaccinations
<p><strong>Objective</strong></p> <p>Our objective is to assess the accuracy of the COVID-19 vaccination status within the Electronic Health Record for a panel of patients in a primary care practice when manual queries of the state immunization databases are required to access outside immunization records.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong></p> <p>A manual query of the local Immunization Information Systems for 4,114 adult patients with "unknown" vaccination status showed 44% of the patients were previously vaccinated. Attempts to assess the comprehensiveness of the Immunization Information Systems were hampered by incomplete documentation in the chart and poor response to patient outreach.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions </strong></p> <p>When the interface between the patient chart and the local Immunization Information System depends on a manual query for the transfer of data, the COVID-19 vaccination status for a panel of patients is often inaccurate.</p> <p>This study was reviewed by the University of Kansas Medical Center Institutional Review Board and was designated as a quality improvement project.</p>
Fig. 1 in Plant-cyanobacteria interactions: Beneficial and harmful effects of cyanobacterial bioactive compounds on soil-plant systems and subsequent risk to animal and human health
Fig. 1. Cyanobacterial active compounds induce negative, (A) ROS and enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), peroxidase (POD); and positive effects (B) expression of stress responsive genes (Ssglc and slr1562) that can have a positive effect on increasing plants' stress tolerance.
Implementing an Education- and Health System Task-shifting Approach for Child Mental Health Promotion in Uganda
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06275672. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effects of Kefir Consumption on Health Outcomes: Gastrointestinal System, Immunity, Biochemical Parameters, Body Composition, Sleep Quality and Mental Well Being in Healthy Adults
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06612164. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Non-invasive Intracranial Pressure Monitoring to Improve Emergency Care in Brazil's Public Health System
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07210333. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Digital Support Systems to Improve Child Health and Development in Peru
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05202106. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 2. Publications: 1.
Evaluating the Implementation of the Diabetes Prevention Program in an Integrated Health System
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03249077. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 23.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.