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516 results for “human impact”
Disentangling responses to natural stressor and human impact gradients in river ecosystems across Europe
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Impact of human disturbance on the abundance of non-breeding shorebirds in a subtropical wetland
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Human-induced reduction in mammalian movements impacts seed dispersal in the tropics
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Data from: Human impacts on mammals in and around a protected area before, during, and after COVID‐19 lockdowns
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Data from: Impact of human foraging on tree diversity, composition and abundance in a tropical rainforest
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Data from: Human presence and infrastructure impact wildlife nocturnality differently across an assemblage of mammalian species
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Data from: Testing for human impacts in the mismatch of living and dead ostracode assemblages at nested spatial scales in subtropical lakes from the Bahamian archipelago
Naturally time-averaged accumulations of skeletal remains – death assemblages – provide reliable, albeit temporally coarse, information on the species composition and structure of communities in diverse settings, and their mismatch with local living communities usually signals recent human-driven ecological change. Here, we present the first test of live-dead mismatch as an indicator of human stress using ostracodes. On three islands along a gradient of human population density in the Bahamas, we compared the similarity of living and death assemblages in ten lakes with relatively low levels of human stress to live-dead similarity in eleven physically comparable lakes subject to industrial, agricultural, or other human activities currently or in the past. We find that live-dead agreement in pristine lakes is consistently excellent, boding well for using death assemblages in modern-day and paleolimnological biodiversity assessments. In most comparison of physically-similar paired lakes, sample-level live-dead mismatch in both taxonomic composition and species' rank-abundance is on average significantly greater in the stressed lake; live-dead agreement is not lower in all samples from stressed lakes, but is more variable. When samples are pooled for lake-level and island-level comparisons, stressed lakes still yield lower live-dead agreement but the significance of the difference with pristine lakes decreases – species that occur dead-only (or alive-only) in one sample are likely to occur alive (or dead) in other samples. Inter-island differences in live-dead agreement are congruent with, but not significantly correlated with, differences in human population density. This situation arises from heterogeneity in the timing and magnitudes of stresses and in the extent of post-stress recovery. Live-dead mismatch in ostracode assemblages thus may be a reliable indicator of human impact at the sample-level with the potential to be a widely-applicable tool for identifying impacted habitats, and perhaps, monitor the progress of their recovery.
Global biogeographical regions reveal a signal of past human impacts
<p>Ecologists have long documented that the world's biota is spatially organised in regions with boundaries shaped by processes acting on geological and evolutionary timescales. Although growing evidence suggests that historical human impact has been key in how biodiversity is currently assembled, its role as a driver of the geographical organisation of biodiversity remains unclear. Using non-volant terrestrial mammals, we set up a bioregionalization procedure focused on two data sets, one describing the current ranges of terrestrial mammals, and another describing their potential natural ranges in the absence of historic anthropogenic land use. We then quantified the relative importance of anthropogenic land use (5000 and 2000 years ago, and present time) to predict the current and natural biogeographical regions across the Earth. In general, past and present human land use were important predictors of current bioregions but did not largely contribute to predicting natural bioregions. Past anthropogenic land use seems to have left an imprint on the taxonomic differentiation of some of the largest biogeographical realms, whereas land use at present stands out as a driver of the taxonomic differences between medium-sized subregions, i.e., within and among continents. Our findings suggest that anthropogenic actions during the last millennia have had a far-reaching effect on the spatial organisation of the Earth´s non-volant mammals.</p>
Data from: Exploring the multi-level impacts of a youth-led comprehensive sexuality education model in Madagascar using human-centered design methods
<p>Comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) is recognized as a critical tool for addressing sexuality and reproductive health challenges among adolescents. However, little is known about the broader impacts of CSE on populations beyond adolescents, such as schools, families, and communities. This study explores multi-level impacts of an innovative CSE program in Madagascar, which employs young adult CSE educators to teach a three-year curriculum in government middle schools across the country. The two-phased study embraced a participatory approach and qualitative Human-centered Design (HCD) methods. In phase 1, 90 school principals and administrators representing 45 schools participated in HCD workshops, which were held in six regional cities. Phase 2 took place one year later, which included 50 principals from partner schools, and focused on expanding and validating findings from phase 1. From the perspective of school principals and administrators, the results indicate several areas in which CSE programming is having spill-over effects, beyond direct adolescent student sexuality knowledge and behaviors. In the case of this youth-led model in Madagascar, the program has impacted the lives of students (e.g., increased academic motivation and confidence), their parents (e.g., strengthened family relationships and increased parental involvement in schools), their<br>schools (e.g., increased perceived value of schools and teacher effectiveness), their communities (e.g., increased community connections), and impacted broader structural issues (e.g., improved equity and access to resources such as menstrual pads). While not all impacts of the CSE program were perceived as positive (e.g., students start experimenting with sex and love), the findings uncovered opportunities for targeting investments and refining CSE programming to maximize positive impacts at family, school, and community levels.</p>
Human health impact based on adult European consumers' dietary exposure to chemical contaminants and consumption of unprocessed red meat, processed meat, and legumes
<p>This dataset was generated within the PRISMA project (Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 101110615) for assessing the health impact for adult consumers from 25 European countries due to dietary exposure to chemical contaminants and consumption of food based on different dietary patterns.</p><p>The risk coefficients used to generate data are presented in Table S1.</p><p>File S2 presents the health impact based on the chronic dietary exposure to chemical contaminants for each country.</p><p>File S3 presents figures regarding the health impact for each country for adult consumers due to dietary exposure to chemical contaminants and consumption of food based on different dietary patterns.</p><p>File S4 presents the health impact based on the consumption of unprocessed red meat, processed meat, and legumes for each country.</p><p> </p>
Data from: Evaluating the impact of historical climate and early human groups in the Araucaria Forest of Eastern South America
<p>It has been hypothesized that the Araucaria Forest in Southern Brazil underwent expansions in the past, driven either by human groups or by climate fluctuations of the Holocene and Pleistocene. Fossil pollen records of the Paraná Pine (<em>Araucaria angustifolia</em>), a dominant tree in that forest, provide some insights into when those may have occurred. Still, the timing of those expansions has never been estimated. To infer past range shifts and shed light on their main drivers, we employed next-generation DNA sequencing (ddRADseq), machine learning, and a comprehensive database of fossil pollen records in a study of historical demographic inference and paleo-distribution modeling of the Paraná Pine. We found that <em>A. angustifolia</em> comprises two populations expanding at different times: one in the Mantiqueira mountain chain, and the other in the southern Brazilian plateau. The Southern population began to expand during the Last Glacial Period ~70kya, long before human arrival in South America. Still, genetic analyses support that humans later impacted this population, resulting in lower genetic diversity, higher inbreeding, and high levels of gene flow over large distances with a weak pattern of isolation by distance. It is possible this resulted from human influence on seed dispersal and germination on the Southern Brazilian plateau. The Mantiqueira population, in contrast, expanded only recently (~3kya). This timing coincides with Holocene climatic changes and human settlements established further south, although, to date, there is little archeological evidence of human impact in the Mantiqueira. In addition, multitemporal species distribution models built from a combination of present-day and pollen records infer range expansion of the Araucaria Forest during glacial times until the cold humid HS1 event (~16kya), when the forest was most widespread, with no evidence of glacial refugia. The combination of genomic and spatial analyses suggests that both human and climatic controls played a role in the dynamics of the Araucaria Forest.</p>
Spatiotemporal dynamics of grassland aboveground biomass in northern China and the alpine region: Impacts of climate change and human activities
<p>We employed CASA model to estimate grassland Net Primary Productivity and aboveground biomass A(AGB) from meteorological and GIMMS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) remote sensing data in northern China. We analyzed the dynamics of grassland AGB and impacts climate change and human activites.</p>
Spatiotemporal dynamics of grassland aboveground biomass in northern China and the alpine region: Impacts of climate change and human activities
<p>We employed CASA model to estimate grassland Net Primary Productivity and aboveground biomass A(AGB) from meteorological and GIMMS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) remote sensing data in northern China. We analyzed the dynamics of grassland AGB and impacts climate change and human activites.</p>
Data and Scripts for "Temperature Extremes and Human Health in Cyprus Investigating the Impact of Heat and Cold Waves"_Version 2
<p>This folder contains the R data and scripts required for reproducing the results of the manuscript "Temperature Extremes and Human Health in Cyprus: Investigating the Impact of Heat and Cold Waves". (Version2)</p>
Wildlife Diversity and the Impact of Human Disturbance on Activity Patterns: A Case Study of the Labagoumen Nature Reserve, Beijing, China
<p>This version updates the dataset to reflect revised analyses in the resubmitted manuscript to Ecology and Evolution.</p> <p><strong>Title:</strong><br><strong>Data and Code for "Wildlife Diversity and the Impact of Human Disturbance on Activity Patterns: A Case Study of the Labagoumen Nature Reserve, Beijing, China"</strong></p> <p><strong>Description:</strong><br>This dataset contains the raw data and R scripts used to generate specific figures in the manuscript <em>"Wildlife Diversity and the Impact of Human Disturbance on Activity Patterns: A Case Study of the Labagoumen Nature Reserve, Beijing, China,"</em> submitted to <em>Ecology and Evolution</em>. The data were collected from infrared camera traps deployed in the Labagoumen Nature Reserve, Beijing, China, between 2019 and 2022. The dataset includes species detection records, timestamps, and information relevant to assessing the effects of human disturbance on wildlife activity patterns.</p> <p>The accompanying R scripts facilitate data processing, statistical analyses, and figure generation, enabling reproduction of the key results. This dataset may be useful for researchers interested in spatiotemporal wildlife monitoring, human-wildlife interactions, and disturbance ecology.</p> <p><strong>Contents:</strong></p> <ul> <li>raw data (Excel format, <code>.xlsx</code>)</li> <li>R scripts for data analysis and figure generation of <strong>Figures 3-5</strong> (from the raw data file "raw data.xlsx") (Text format, .doc).</li> <li> <p><strong>Figure 1</strong>: Created using <span>ArcMap 10.8 software</span> and Photoshop software. <span>ArcMap 10.8 software </span>was used for processing spatial data and map creation, while Photoshop was used for post-processing and image enhancement.</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Figure 2 and Appendix Figure. A1</strong>: Designed and modified using Photoshop software.</p> </li> </ul>
Historical Data for paper "When will humanity notice its impacts on atmospheric rivers?"
<p>The repository contains the historical scenario simulation (one ensemble member) of GFDL SPEAR large ensemble data. The data is used to support the finding in the paper entitled "When will humanity notice its impacts on atmospheric rivers?" by Tseng et al. </p>
SSP2-4.5 Data for paper "When will humanity notice its impacts on atmospheric rivers?"
<p>The repository contains the SSP2-4.5 scenario simulation (one ensemble member) of GFDL SPEAR large ensemble data. The data is used to support the finding in the paper entitled "When will humanity notice its impacts on atmospheric rivers?" by Tseng et al.</p>
SSP5-8.5 Data for paper "When will humanity notice its impacts on atmospheric rivers?"
<p>The repository contains the SSP5-8.5 scenario simulation (one ensemble member) of GFDL SPEAR large ensemble data. The data is used to support the finding in the paper entitled "When will humanity notice its impacts on atmospheric rivers?" by Tseng et al.</p>
Human impact, climate and dispersal strategies determine plant invasion on islands
<p><span><strong>Aim:</strong></span></p> <p><span>Biological invasions are likely determined by species dispersal strategies as well as environmental characteristics of a recipient region, especially climate and human impact. However, the contribution of climatic factors, human impact and dispersal strategies in driving invasion processes is still controversial and not well embedded in the existing theoretical considerations. Here, we study how climate, species dispersal strategies and human impact determine plant invasion processes on islands distributed in all major oceans in the context of directional ecological filtering. </span></p> <p><span><strong>Location:</strong></span></p> <p><span>Six mountainous, tropical and subtropical islands in three major oceans: Island of Hawai'i and Maui (Pacific), Tenerife and La Palma (Atlantic), La Réunion and Socotra (Indian Ocean).</span></p> <p><span><strong>Taxon:</strong></span></p> <p><span>Vascular Plants.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Methods:</strong></span></p> <p><span>We recorded 360 non-native species in 218 plots along roadside elevational transects covering the major temperature, precipitation and human impact (i.e. road density) gradients of the islands. We collected dispersal strategies for a majority of the recorded species and calculated the environmental niche per species using a hypervolume approach. </span></p> <p><span><strong>Results:</strong></span></p> <p><span>Non-native species' generalism (i.e., mean community niche width) increased with precipitation, elevation and human impact but showed no relationship with temperature. Increasing precipitation led to environmental filtering of non-native species resulting in more generalist species under high precipitation conditions. We found no directional filtering for temperature but an optimum range of most species between 10 and 20°C. Niche widths of non-native species increased with the prevalence of certain dispersal strategies, particularly anemochory and anthropochory. </span></p> <p><span><strong>Main conclusions:</strong></span></p> <p><span>Plant invasion on tropical and subtropical islands seems to be mainly driven by precipitation and human impact, while temperature seems to be of little importance. Furthermore, anemochory and anthropochory are dispersal strategies associated with large niche widths of non-native species. Our study allows a more detailed look at the mechanisms behind directional ecological filtering of non-native plant species in non-temperature limited ecosystems. </span></p>
GEOS-Chem 2015 Speciated PM2.5 Outputs for "Impact of circular- and single-sector waste-heat reuse pathways on PM2.5-air quality, CO2 emissions, and human health in India; material exchanges more viable to achieve sustainability targets"
<p>Daily PM2.5 and species outputs from GEOS-Chem Modeling over India (0.5° x 0.625°) </p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.